Acer pseudoplatanus, 125 Acetobacter xylinum, 142 Actin
F, 22, 80 G, 21, 80
Actinosphaerium, 66
after changes' in hydrostatic pressure, 70
after exposure to 4°C, 73 cortex of, 78
during compression, 71 Actinosphaerium nucleofilum, 67 Adhesive factor, 161
Aldolase, 16 Ambient tonicity
effects on cell behavior of changes in, 238 et seq.
Amblyopia, 320
Ambystoma, 197, 253, 260, 264, 273 Amniocardiac vesicles, 217
Angiograms, 308
Anterior commissures, 308, 309 Anthurium, 140
Antimitotic agents, 69 Anurans
lateral motor column development in, 274
periphero-central relationships in, 286 Apical ectodermal ridge, 191
Apomyoglobin, 8 Arbacia punctulata, 74 Asymptomatic agenesis
explanatory factors for, 319 ATP, 163
ATPase, 163
ATPase-active globule, 24
Auditory cues for recognition of the species-specific maternal following- call, 266
Autonomous differentiation vs. learning, 263
Axoneme, 66
assembly of, 90 ciliary, 92 flagellary, 92 Axons, 252 Axopodia, 66
beading of, 69, 71
effects of hydrostatic pressure on, 69 effects of low temperature on, 69 Axopodium
longitudinal section of, 68 re-forming, 72
transverse section of, 74 B Bacteria
organization of cell envelope of gram-negative, 109
Bacterial flagellins, 22 Z-bands, 219, 224 Basal body, 92, 95, 97
% BC
see beating cells
Beak clapping movements, 256 Beating cells
% of, 231, 232, 233, 236
percentage of in hearts of different ages, 233
Bilayers
comparison with biological mem
branes, 107 synthetic, 107
Bimodal boundary system in equilib
rium constant, 40
Biochemical organization of cytoplas- mic membranes, 103
Bioelectrical activity, 253 and synapse formation, 255 endogenous, 255
Biological membranes
comparison with bilayers, 107 Blastocoel, 76, 96
Blastodisc, 211 Blastomeres, 171, 172 338
Blastula, 94 Blood platelets, 76 Bombinator, 272 Boutons, 254
Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease, 5, 11 limited cleavage, 13
Bovine RNase-S
three-dimensional structure of, 11 Brain
gnostic functions of, 310 higher functions of,'310 Brain
nuclei, 252 Brown fat, 152 Bufo, 273, 296 Bufo marinus, 277
C
Ca2+, 8, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 167, 169, 173, 232
action on junctional membrane per
meability, 162
junctional membrane permeability dependence on, 159, 160 sequestration, 174
Calcium ions see Ca2+
Cancer cells
alterations in communication, 167 Carboxypeptidase B, 184
Cardiac proteins, 212
Cardiogenic crescent, 212, 213 Cardiogenic splanchic mesoderm, 218 Cartilage, 188
Cartilage formation, 189 Caudal sheath of spermatids, 93 Caulerpa, 132
Cell adhesion, 167 Cell chain
equivalent circuit of, 156 Cell column, 252
Cell envelope
organization of in gram-negative bac
teria, 109
Cell injury and junctional membrane sealing, 161
Cell junction
communication through, 151 elements of, 152
for growth control, 151 role in control of growth, 166 relationship to cell size, 282
relationship to developmental stage in the lateral motor column, 282 Cell population size, 177, 178
signal substances for, 178
«-Cells
of the pancreas, 184 0-Cells, 185
of the pancreas, 184 F-cells, 227, 234, 237
M-cells, 218, 228, 232, 234, 236, 237 Cell size
relationship to cell number, 282 relationship to stage, 283 Cell sorting, 193
Cell-to-cell diffusion, 157 Cell-to-cell flow, 166
of larger particles, 154 of small ions, 153 Cell walls
emergence of pattern in, 118 types of patterning in, 119 Cellular metabolism
dependence of junctional permeabil
ity on, 159
Cellulose microfibrils, 119, 120, 124 Centriole, 95, 97
Cesium, 108 Chaetomorpha, 142 ChE, 254
Chemo-affinity, 252 Chick, 65
heart formation, 216
periphero-central relationships, 273 Chick embryo
origins of integrated behavior, 260 Chick spermatids
array of microtubules encircling the nucleus, 65
Chicken, 184
Chimeric cartilage, 196, 197
Chironomus
salivary gland, 162, 163, 176 Chlorella, 143
Cholinesterase see ChE Chloretone, 263 Chondrocranium, 192 Chondrogenesis, 185 Chondrogenie tissue, 189
lability of, 190
Chondroitin sulfate, 185, 188, 202 A, 198
B, 186 synthesis, 185
Chondromucoprotein, 185 Chromatolysis, 298
Chymotrypsin, 11, 12, 16, 184 a-Chymotrypsin, 21
Chymotrypsinogen, 13 Cicada, 264
Cilia, 64
Ciliary axoneme, 92 Ciliates, 65 Cilium, 92
Cochlear nuclei, 266
Colchicine, 7 1 , 79, 82, 95, 127, 129 Coleoptile, 125
Coleus, 125, 131
Collagen conformation, 22 Collagenous connective tissue, 226 Concentration profile for myosin mono
mer-polymer equilibrium, 39 Contact guidance, 252
Contact inhibition, 169, 179 Contraction
intrinsic rate of, 222 Control loops, 178 Conus cells, 211
Coordination of muscle groups, 256 Corpus callosum, 307, 309
agenesis of, 308
apparatus for testing functions of, 312
in the human fetus, 308 total absence of, 308 Correpressor, 179
Cortical bundles of micro tubules, 91 Coupling, 171
all-or-none, 173 Crayfish axons
junctions of, 156 Cross bridges, 23
Cross bridges and filaments, 23 Cucurbita maxima, 134 Cultured cells
spontaneous activity of, 230 Cyanide, 163
Cyanidium, 143 Cyclohexamide, 79 Cytochrome, 11
Cytoplasm-wall interface, 123 Cytoplasmic membranes
biochemical organization, 103 Cytoplasmic streaming and wall pat
terning, 129
Cytoskeletal and microtubule function, 133
Cytoskeleton, 144 D
D20 , 76, 78, 79, 80, 86, 87, 88, 96 Dendrites, 254
Dermatome, 196 Deuterated water
see DaO
Developmental aspects of functional adaptations, 165
Developmental compensation, 317 Developmental stage
relationship to cell number in the lateral motor column, 282 Differential adhesiveness, 219 Differential adhesivity of cells, 220 Differentiated state
stability of the, 235
Differentiation of pacemaker membrane, 223
Diiferentiative state, 209 Dinitrophenol ( D N P ) , 163 Disulfide bonds, 2
number of possible combinations from 2n sulfhydryl groups, 3
Drosophila, 156, 197
salivary gland, 151, 154, 155, 157 E
Ectoderm
and mesoderm, reciprocal interaction between, 191
Ectodermal cells
distribution of microtubules in, 94 E E G patterns of embryos, 258 Ekstase, 13
Electrical coupling, 223 Electrical resistance, 107 Eleutherodactylus, 258, 259, 296
Eleutherodactylus martinicensis, 277, 281, 296
Eleutherodactylus ricordii, 277, 291 Elodea, 131, 145
Embryonic brain organ cultures of, 254 Embryonic cells
establishment of junctional communi
cation between, 172
emergence of form and function in, 208
Embryonic heart cells in culture, 225 as pacemakers, 225
Embryonic motility in amphibians, 259 Embryonic rat spinal cord
organ cultures of, 254 Embryonic tissues
junctional communication in, 170 Embryos
E E G patterns, 258
Emergence of order in organs, 151 Emergence of order in tissues, 151 Endocardial cells, 214
Endocardial tissue, 226 Endoplasmic reticulum
see ER
Endothecium, 122, 125 Endothelial cells, 226 Endothecial cell wall, 128 Endothecial thickenings
effects of colchicine on, 130 Endothecium
of lily anther, 126 Endothecium cells, 126 Enteric bacteria
gram-negative, 108 Enthalpy change, 56
Entropy change on self-association of myosin, 43
Enthalpy of the polymerization reac
tion, 42
Entropy of the polymerization reaction, 42
Epiblast cells, 211 Epicardial cells, 218 Epileptic seizures
transmission of, 310 Epimyocardial troughs, 218 Equilibrium constant
bimodal boundary system and, 40 effect of pressure on, 43
effect of temperature on for polymer
ization of myosin, 43 pressure dependence of, 54 temperature dependence of, 42 Equilibrium between polymer and
tubule monomer, 80 ER, 134
association with plasmalemma, 139 role of in locating aperture sites of
pollen grains, 137 Euthyroid tadpole, 286 Exine, 121, 136 Exine ontogeny, 137
Experimental neurogenesis, 251 Extracellular nuclease
amino acid sequence of, 14 Eyeball movements, 256
F Facilitation, 266 Fibroblasts, 169, 218
junctions of, 156 Fibroblastic cells
see F-cells
Fibroelastic tiçsue, 226 Fibrous proteins
self-association reactions in, 21
Filaments and cross bridges, 23 Final common paths, 262 Flagella, 64, 77, 92 Flagellary axoneme, 92 Flagellin, 92
Flagellum, 92 Fluorescein, 155 Folding of proteins, 3 Formation of salt linkages, 56 Fowl spermatid nucleus, 92 Frog tadpoles, 265 Functional activity
beginnings of, 253 Fundulus, 220
G
Gi phase, 209, 235, 238 G2 phase, 209, 238 /?-Galactosidase, 16 Genetic information
effects of interruption, 12 modification of, 12 γ-Globulin, 4, 6, 9, 16
Gnostic functions of the brain, 310 Gradient of rhythmicity, 224 Gradient phenomena, 179 Growth cone, 252
Growth control
implications of communication through junctions, 151
Growth inhibition at high densities, 238 Growth regulation
for junctional models, 177
H
Hatching behavior sensory guidance of, 265 Higher plants
emergence of pattern in cell walls of, 118
Hippocampal commissures, 308, 309 Histogenesis
relation to morphogenesis, 200 Histogenetically equivalent cells
segregation of, 197 Horse sera, 232
Heart
pacemaker activity, 223 Heart cells
distribution of in culture media, 239, 240, 242
intercellular contact among, 238 morphology, 226
properties of in culture, 224
tracings of after culture in media with different tonicity, 241 Heart-forming mesoderm, 210 Heart function
initiation of, 221 Heart tubulation, 215 HeLa cells, 236 Heliozoan axopodia, 64
«-Helix, 22
Helleborus foetidus, 137, 140, 145 Hemangioblasts, 218
Heme, 8
Hemicelluloses, 119 Hemispherectomy, 318
Hemispheric deconnection syndrome, 310
Hemoglobin, 16
Higher functions of the brain, 310 Hydra, 220
Hydrophobie bonds, 57, 58 calculated number of, 58 Hydrophobie residues, 56 Hydrophobie side chains, 8
Hydrostatic pressure effects on axo
podia, 69
Hyla punctatissima, 277, 293 Hyperplastic response, 273 Hypophysectomy, 281 Hypoplastic response, 273
I Incomplete tubules, 82
Incorporation of cellulose precursors, 143
Inducer, 179 Inducer cells, 175 Initiating sites, 95 Insect flight muscle, 24 Insulin, 12, 13, 16, 21, 22, 184
Integrated behavior origins of, 251, 259
origins of, in chick embryo, 260 role of sensory input in development
of, 263
Integration of movements, 256 Intelligence test, 307
Interhemispheric functions, 311 Intine, 137
Ionic bonds, 57, 58 calculated number of, 58 Ionic residues, 56
Iontophoresis, 162 Ipomoea caerulea, 140 Isolated tubule monomers, 82 Isotopic sulfate
binding of, 186
J Junction formation
and permeability changes, 164 Junctional communication, 154
causes of interruption of, 164 functional adaptation of, 165 genesis of, 156
in cancerous liver cells, 168 in embryonic tissues, 170 in liver cells, 168 interruption of, 171
interruption of by lithium, 176 Junctional coupling
and patterns of differentiation, 173 Junctional elements, 152
Junctional membranes, 152
dependence of permeability on Ca2+, 159, 160
permeability dependence on perijunc- tional insulation, 159, 161 sealing and cell injury, 161 Junctional models
for growth regulation, 177 Junctional permeability
dependence on cellular metabolism, 159, 162
factors controlling, 156 Junctional uncoupling, 163
and patterns of differentiation, 173 by Li+, 176
Junctional unit, 152 Junctions
in squid embryos, 156 of crayfish axons, 156 of fibroblasts, 156
size range of particles permeating, 156
Juniperus, 124
K K+, 108, 232, 239 Keratosulfate, 186 Kinetochores, 97
L Labeled implants, 211, 212 a-Lactalbumin, 11 Latent pacemaker, 231 Lateral motor column
see LMC
Learning vs. autonomous differentiation, 263
Leg bud extirpations, 273 Lens primordia, 65 Lens rudiment, 64 Li+, 176
junctional uncoupling by, 176 vegetalizing effect of, 176 Lignin, 120
Lilium longiflorum, 136, 139 Limb amputation
excessive cell numbers following, 299 Limb cartilage, 198
Limb development, 201
Limb development stages in, 187 Limb field, 191
Limb mesoderm, 189 Limb morphogenesis, 190 Limb segments
cell numbers in, 279 grafts of, 279
Limb type characteristics, 192 Limited trypsin cleavage, 14 Lipase, 184
Lipopolysaccharide, 111
Lipopolysaccharide-bound O-antigen, 114
Lipopolysaccharide of Salmonella cell envelope, 108
Lipopolysaccharide rhamnose, 112, 113 Lithium
interruption of junctional communi
cation by, 176 Liver, 152, 161 Liver cancer, 167 LMC, 272, 273, 274
capacities of intrinsic differentiation, 278
cell migration into, 291
cell numbers in Pseudacris nigrita, 288
cells, average sizes in Rana pipiens, 295
cytodifferentiation in, 297 degeneration in, 289 development in anurans, 274 development, influence of tempera
ture on, 285 neuroblasts, 273 neurogenesis of, 272 recruitment of cells into, 291 relationship of cell number and de
velopmental stage, 282
Lumbosacral lateral motor column cells differentiation of, 275
Lumbrosacral motor column cell sizes in Xenopus laevis, 298
Lumbosacral plexus, failure to form on operated side, 274
Lumbosacral spinal cord extirpation of, 257 Lysine starvation, 109 Lysozyme, 11
M Macromolecular structures
self-assembly of, 1 Magnesium
see Mg2+
Maintenance factor, 191
Mammalian spermatids, 65 Mannolipid, 106
Medium
conditioned, 237 Membranes
and wall patterning, 134 Membrane structure
models of, 105 Mesenchyme cells, 95 Mesoderm
and ectoderm, reciprocal interaction between, 191
Metamorphic climax, 293 Mg2+, 174
Mice
enriched environments for, 323 Micrococcus lysodeikticus, 106 Microspores
ER distribution in, 135 wall patterning in, 135 Microtubules, 127 et seq
and cytoskeletal function, 133 and the development of cell form, 64 array of, encircling the nucleus of
chick spermatids, 65 assembly of, 63
associated with wall patterning, 124 chemical composition of, 80
control of, 84 cortical bundles of, 91
defined by morphological criteria, 64 disassembly of, 80
distribution and polymer-monomer equilibrium, 96
distribution in ectodermal cells, 94 distribution in primary mesenchyme
cell, 75
in a 340 A tubular unit, 82 links connecting, 84, 85
long link connecting ( 300 Â ), 86 mechanisms of assembly of, 80 outer doublet, 82, 84
positions in clusters, 87, 88 precursor pool of, 79
proposed model for assembly of, 81 role in development of cell form, 63
345
short link connecting (70 Â ) , 86 substructure of, 80
tangential link, 86 Microtubule pattern
control of, 77
nucleating centers in the control of, 92
Midbody, 97
Mitochondrial membranes structure of, 114 Mitotic apparatus, 82 Mitotic cycle, 209 Model for biosynthesis
of bacterial outer membrane, 110 Model of bacterial outer membrane,
110
Model phospholipid-hydrocarbon films, 106
Modes of adjusting cell numbers, 300 Molecular weight of myosin polymers,
36
Monolayer equivalents, 238
Monomer-dimer-trimer equilibrium, 21 Monomer-polymer equilibrium
effect of hydrostatic pressure on, 46 effect of increasing rotor velocity on,
44
effect of ionic strength on, 34 effect of p H on, 35
Monomeric myosin, 25
length distribution of, 27, 28, 29 Monomers
isolated microtubule, 82 Morphogenesis
relation to histogenesis, 200
Morphogenetic phases in development, 184
Morris' tumor, 168 Morula, 171
Motility of embryos during develop
ment, 253 Motoneurons, 254 Motor cell numbers
relationships with nerve fibers, 277 Mouse, 184, 185
Mucopeptide polymer, 108
Mucopolysaccharide, 185 Multichained proteins, 12 Multinet scheme
of wall growth, 120 Muscle
insect flight, 24
skeletal, thick filaments of, 26 vertebrate striated, 24 Muscle proteins, 189
Muscle reflexes in fetal sheep, 257 Myoblast, 65
see also M-cells Myocardial blast cell, 231 Myocardial cells, 231 Myocardial muscle cells, 226
Myocardial troughs, 216, 217, 218, 223 Myocytes, 218, 223, 226
Myofibrils, 219 Myogenesis, 199 Myogenic tissue, 189 Myoglobin, 8 Myosin
effect of temperature on equilibrium constant for the polymerization of, 43
enthalpy change on self-association of, 43
entropy change on self-association of, 43
monomeric, 25
self-association reactions in, 21, 24 Myosin filaments, 23
length distribution of, 27, 28, 29 thermodynamic parameters for the
formation of, 57
Myosin monomer-polymer equilibrium concentration profile for, 39 concentration profile for, 39 Myosin polymers, 150 S, 33, 35
molecular weight of, 36 physical parameters of, 36
sedimentation profiles of, 31, 32, 37 Myosin-polymer equilibrium
effect of rotor velocity on, 51 Myosin ^ polymer equilibrium con
stant
effect of a pH on, 40
effect of salt concentration on, 40 Myosin ^ polymer sedimentation pro
files
features attributed to pressure de
pendence of, 50 Myotome, 196, 199
N
Na+, 176, 232 NaCl, 239 Native protein
conversion of extended polypeptide chain to, 2
Nerve fiber numbers
relationships with motor cells, 277 Nerve growth factor, 252
Nervous coordination emergence of, 251 N-ethylmaleimide, 163 Neural crest, 252, 257 Neural crest cells, 220 Neural maturation
plasticity of, 306 Neuroblasts, 251
pigmentation of, 293 Neurogenesis, 252
order and control of, 272 Neuroglia, 152
Neuroma, 274
Neuromuscular connections, 254 Neurons, 64
Newt, 171 Nexine, 137, 140 Nitella, 132
Nonjunctional surface membrane, 152 Nuclear membranes, 151
in Drosophila salivary gland, 151 Nuclease-C, 13
Nuclease
extracellular, 14 Nuclease-S, 13 Nuclease-T, 13, 14, 16 Nucleating centers, 93, 95
in the control of micro tubule pattern, 92
Nucleation sites, 1 Nucleolar number
as a criterion for distinguishing cell types, 230
Nucleus tangentialis, 266 Number of cells
from hearts of different ages, 233
o
Obligatory progressive folding, 4 Ocular squint, 306
Oligomeric proteins, 13 Oligomycin, 163 Onion root tip, 127 Opsanus tau, 259 Organs
emergence of order in, 151 Organ size control, 179 Otocyst extirpation, 265, 266 Ouabain, 163, 232
Outer doublet microtubules, 82, 84 P
Pacemaker
definition of, 230
embryonic heart cells in culture as, 225
from hearts of different ages, 233 latent, 231
potential, 230 Pacemaker membrane
differentiation of, 223 Pancreas, 184
a cell of, 184 ß cells of, 184 Pancreatic amylase, 184 Pancreatic ribonuclease, 4
bovine, 5
Parenchyma tous cells, 120 ß-Pattem, 22
Pectic substances, 119 Peptidylation, 7
Perijunctional insulation, 152
junctional membrane permeability dependence on, 159, 161 Periplasmic area, 110
Periplasmic space, 108
Permeability changes during junctional formation, 164
Permeability conversion hypothesis, 165 Permeability transformation, 165 pH effect on myosin ^ polymer equi
librium constant, 40 Phloem, 124, 134 Pit fields, 120
Plasmagene system, 142 Plasmalemma
association with ER, 139 Plasmodesmata, 120, 134
Plastid movement in endothecial cell, 133
Platelets, 82
Pneumoencephalographs, 308 Point mutations, 9
Polarizing factor, 191 Pollen grains, 121, 135, 136
exines of, 121
role of ER in locating aperture sites of, 137
Pollen sacs, 125 Polyalanylation, 6 Polyalanyl-RNase, 10 Polymerase, 186 Polymerization reaction
enthalpy of, 42 entropy of, 42 properties of, 58
Polymer-monomer equilibrium and microtubule distribution, 96 Polymer system
self-association reactions in, 21 Polyoma virus, 169
Polyproline II conformation, 22 Porcine proinsulin
structure of, 15 Posthatching behavior
facilitation by self-stimulation, 266 Potassium
seeK+
Precardiac mesoderm, 215 mapping of, 210 regional map of, 214
Preconal cells, 214
Precursor pool of microtubule, 79 Prehatching
sensory guidance of, 265 Preston's particles, 143 Primary mesenchyme, 212 Primary mesenchyme cell
distribution of microtubules in, 75 Primary walls, 119
Primexines, 135, 137 Primitive streak, 211 Probacula, 135, 137, 139, 140
Procedures for testing cross integration, 316
Proinsulin, 13, 15 Proteases, 11 Proteins
folding of, 3 multichained, 12 oligomeric, 13
partial specific volume of, 48 spontaneous formation of the three-
dimensional structure of, 1 Provisional neuromuscular contacts, 254 Pseudacris, 296
Pseudacris nigrtta, 287
cell numbers in the LMC of, 288 lumbosacral area of the spinal cord
of, 292 Puromycin, 79
R
Rabbit-antibovine serum albumin, 6 Rana, 272, 275, 289, 295, 301
Rana pipiens, 272, 274, 275, 276, 278, 280, 285, 286, 290, 291, 293, 294, 298, 299, 300, 301
average sizes of LMC cells of, 295 Rana sylvatica, 277, 278
Rana temporaria, 276 Rat, 184
amino acids sequence of, 11 enriched environments for, 323 pancreatic RNase, 11
Regenerating optic nerves, 264
Relation between resistances and qual
ity of communication, 153 Renal tubules, 152
Repressor, 179 Retina cells
regional specification of, 265 Rhythmical embryonic motility, 257 Rhythmicity
gradient of, 224 Ribonuclease, 6 RNase, 5
rat pancreatic, 11 RNase-E, 13 RNase-S, 13, 15
thermodynamic stability of, 5 RNase-S-protein
disulfide interchange of, 6 inactivation of, 6
RNase-T, 13
effect of increase on monomer- polymer equilibrium, 44 effect on myosin-polymer equilib
rium, 51
sedimentation profiles demonstrating the reassociation of monomer upon reduction of, 45
Rous sarcoma virus, 235 Rubidium, 108
S Saccinobaculus, 91
Safety margins for communication dif
ferences, 170 Salivary gland, 152, 161 Salmonella, 92, 109 Salmonella cell envelope, 108
lipopolysaccharide of, 108 Salmonella newington, 111
Salt concentration, effect on myosin ^ polymer equilibrium constant, 40 Sand dollars, 171
Satellites, 97 Sclerotome, 196
Scrambled ribonuclease, 4 Sea urchin gastrulae, 65 Secondary thickening, 125
Secondary walls, 119
Sedimentation profiles of myosin poly
mers, 31, 32, 37
Selective chemoaffinities, 264 Self-assembly, 103
of macromolecular structures, 1 Self-association reactions in fibrous pro
teins, 21
Self-stimulation, 258 Self-sealing capacity, 161 Sensory epithelia, 152 Sensory input
role of in development of integrated behavior, 263
Septum pellucidum, 309 S-flexure, 253
C-shaped tubules, 82 Sieve plates, 134 Silène pendula, 137, 139
surface region of a microspore of, 138
Skin, 152, 161 Small ions
cell-to-cell flow of, 153 Sodium
see Na+
Sodium fluoride, 212 Somesthesis, 321
Specific synaptic connections, 252 S-peptide, 5
Spermatids
caudal sheath of, 93 Spermatozoa, 64 Spinal cord expiants, 254 Splanchnic mesoderm
configuration of, 215 Sponge cells, 159
Sponge cell aggregates, 161 Sponges, 152
Spontaneous contraction environmental effects on, 231 Spontaneous formation of the three-
dimensional structure of proteins, 1
Spontaneous motility in. embryos, 255
Spontaneous neuronal activity définition of, 255
Sporopollenin, 136, 137, 139 S-protein, 5, 6
disulfide interchange in, 7 Squid, 65
Squid embryos junctions in, 156
Stability of the differentiated state, 235 Stage, relationship to cell size, 283 Staphylococcus aureus, 14 Staphylococcal nuclease, 16 Starfish, 170
Stem cells, 235 Stereoscan e.m., 126 Stomach cancer, 167 Stomach epithelium, 152 Subcellular units
ordering of, 63
Substances for growth, 167 Subtilisin, 13
Suctoria, 93
Suctorian tentacles, 64, 93 Sulfate-35S, 190
Sulfhydryl groups, 2
Surface-modulated interactions, 237 Surface properties
changes in, 220
Surgical-congenital differences, 311 Surgical section of the forebrain com
missures, 313 Synapse, 254, 255 Synapse formation, 254
and bioelectrical activity, 255 critical period of, 255 Synaptic bulbs, 254 Synaptic vesicles, 254 Syncytium, 76
T Tactile stimulation, 253 Taka-amylase, 8 Tegillate exine, 135 Teleosts, 264
Temperature dependence of equilib
rium constant, 42
Tertiary structure
"program" for, 9 Theme of patterning, 146
Thermodynamic stability of RNas-S, 5 Thick filament
structure of, 23 Thick filaments
of skeletal muscle, 26
Thymidine-Ή, 189, 196, 213, 235 labeled limb cells, 195
Thyroid, 152 Thyroid cancer, 167 Thyroidectomy, 281
Thyroxine, 279, 281, 284, 287, 300 Tight junctions, 223
Tissues
emergence of order in, 151 TMV, 80
TMV protein, 81
Tobacco mosaic virus protein see TMV
Tokophrya, 93 Tracheids, 120
Transmitted determinants, 141 Transneuronal degeneration, 252, 265 Transplantation mapping technique, 213 Trigeminal ganglia, 265
placodal primordia of, 257 Trigeminal nerve, 253 Tritiated thymidine
see thymidine-3H Trypsin, 11, 13 Tubule monomer
equilibrium with, 80 evidence for the re-use of, 79 C-tumor, 127, 129
U UDPG dehydrogenase, 186 UDPGNAc-epimerase, 186 Uncoupling, 164, 171, 172, 175
as uncouplers of junctional com
munication, 174 Unnatural inducers, 174 Urea, 171
Urinary bladder, 152
V Valinomycin, 107, 108 Vertebral cartilage, 198 Vertebral column, 192 Vertebrate striated muscle, 24 SV 40 virus, 169
Voltage attenuation
measurement of, 154, 155
w
Wall patterning
and cytoplasmic streaming, 129 and membranes, 134
Wall protein, 123
Wing bud extirpations, 273 Wingless mutations, 202
X
Xenopus, 274, 275, 276, 278, 291, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300
Xenopus laevis
number of lateral motor column cells in, 276
sizes of lumbosacral motor column cells in, 298
X-rays, 169, 307 X-ray diffraction, 201 Xylem, 120, 122, 125, 131
Z Zea mays, 137, 139 Zonula occludens, 223 Zylocaine, 255
