A
Absorption, of vitamins, 411, 417-418, 422, 432
Acetaldehyde, 453
δ-Acetamidolevulinic acid, 168 Acetazolamide, 487, 490, 500 Acetic acid, 33, 51
oxidation of, 89, 142, 161, 164 cholestrol synthesis and, 166 Acetic thiokinase, 161
Acetoacetate, 161, 162 Acetolactate, 46 Acetone, 338
Acetone dicarboxylic acid, 49 Acetylcholine
phospholipids and, 205 synthesis of
choline analogues and, 446, 459, 460 fatty acid analogues and, 166 glucose analogues and, 134, 137 glutamine and, 18
Acetyl coenzyme A—see Coenzyme A Acetylenic Mreo-ceramide 203 Acetylgalactosamine sulfate, 244 iV-Acetylglucosamine, 133, 137, 244, 260 iV-Acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate, 136,244 iV-Acetylhexosamine, 260
Acetylhistidine, 356 Acetylhomocysteine, 496
JV-Acetyl-4-(p-nitrophenylethoxy)-3,5-di
iodophenylalanine, 558 Acetylornithase, 47 Acetylornithine, 47
2 - Acetyl - 7 - oxo - dodecahydrophenan- threne, 576
Acetylpyridine, x, 466-468 iV-Acetylsarcolysin, 115 iV-Acetylsphingosine, 203
Acne, 567 Aconitase, 448 Acromegaly, 396
A C T H , 111, 347, 348, 398 399, 578 Actinomycins, 77-86
A , 77, 79, 85 C, 77-85 D , 77-86 F, 86
Actithiazic acid, 94 Actomycin, 293 Adenine
actinomycin and, 79
analogues of, effect on nucleic acids, 217-222, 264, 272, 299, 308, 449 folic acid antagonists and, 454, 498, 506,
528
Adenocarcinoma, 147, 230, 232, 251 Adenosine deaminase, 227
Adenosine-5'-diphosphate kinases and, 197, 201
nucleotide phosphorylation and, 243, 246
Adenosine-5'-monophosphate, 30 folic acid antagonists and, 462-463 hexokinase and, 144
6-mercaptopurine and, 230-231 O M P decarboxylation and, 276 in R N A , 246, 291
Adenosine-5'-triphosphatase, 156, 206, 291, 303, 304
Adenosine-5'-triphosphate, 133, 134, 138, 141, 144, 154, 155, 197
amino acid metabolism and, 18, 44, 48, 291, 318
nucleotide metabolism and, 241-243, 447, 495
/S-Adenosylethionine, 15, 48, 208 θ-Adenosylhomocysteine, 208, 496 641
^-Adenosylmethionine, 48, 206-208, 496 Adenovirus, 304-308
Adenylosuccinase, 231 Adipic acid, 51
Adrenals—see Corticoids and corticos
terone
Adrenaline, 50, 325, 350-353, 357, 361, 396, 541
Adrenochrome, 361 Adrenocortical tumors, 111
Adrenocorticotropic hormone—see A C T H Agmatine, 317
Agranulocytosis, 501 Alanine
amino acid antagonisms and, 13-15, 28, 29, 34-38
decarboxylation of, 51-54, 317 in gramicidin, 87
in insulin, 384
in peptide hormones, 94, 110
β-Alanine, 2, 28, 30, 33, 80, 115, 241, 317, 468-469
Alanine racemase, 332 Alanine-7-angiotensin, 110 D-Alanyl-D-alanine, 15 Alanylglycine, 58
4 - (4' - Alanylphenoxy) - 3,5 - diiodo- phenylalanine, 562
Alazopeptin, 94
Albumins, as insulin inhibitors, 390-392 Aldolase, 44, 145
Aldose reductase, 139 Aldosterone synthesis, 577-578 Alkaline phosphatase, 44, 259, 582 Alkylating agents—see Nitrogen mustards S-Alkylcysteines, 58
θ-Alkylhomocysteine sulfoxide, 18 a-Alkylserine, 22
a-Alkyltryptamine, 364 Allergic phenomena, 225, 348 Allo-/3-hydroxy-L-glutamic acid, 317 Alloisoleucine, 14, 45, 78-79 Allose-6-phosphate, 146 Allothreonine, 13, 45 Alloxan, and diabetes, 392 Allylglycine, 16, 55
Alpha cells (pancreatic), 396
Amethopterin, 81, 262, 463, 502-504, 508-526
Amicetin, 92, 500
Amine oxidase, χ
Amino acid decarboxylase—see Decarbox
ylation
L-Amino acid oxidase, 52, 157 D-Amino acid oxidase, 52, 157 α-Aminoadipic acid, 24, 55, 93 p-Aminobenzene, 413
p-Aminobenzenearsonic acid, 490 p-Aminobenzesulfonamide, 482 p-Aminobenzoic acid
actinomycins and, 79, 80, 83 folic acid synthesis and, 498-501, 510 nutritional basis of requirement, 446,
525
sulfonamides and, 2, 450, 454, 481-492, 515
p-Aminobenzoylglutamic acid, 483, 484, 498-499, 524, 529
2 - Amino - 4 - (benzylsulfinyl) - η - valeric acid, 16
1-Aminobutanesulfonic acid, 55
α-Aminobutryic acid, 2, 14, 29, 45, 50, 317 7-Aminobutyric acid—see G A B A 7-Aminobutyrylcholine, 169
3 - Amino - 3 - carboxy - propanesul- fonamide, 18, 55
a-Amino-jS-chlorobutyric acid, 13, 45 2-Amino-5-chloro-4-methylpentanoic acid,
12
3-Aminocyclohexanealanine, 23
1-Aminocyclohexane-l-carboxylic acid, 58 4-Aminocyclohexaneglycine, 23
1-Aminocyclopentane-l-carboxylic acid, 58 3 - Amino - 4,5 - dihydroxymethyl - 2 -
methylpyridine phosphate, 332 2-Amino-4-ethyl-4-hexanoic acid, 7 Aminofolic acid—see Aminopterin Aminoguanidine, 340, 341
€-Aminohexanoic acid, 169
7-Amino-j8-hydroxybutyric acid, 317 2 - Amino - 4 - hydroxy - 6 - formylpteri-
dine, 495
2-Amino-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 22, 24 2 - Amino - 4 - hydroxy - 6 - hydroxy-
methylpteridine, 499
2-Amino-3-hydroxypentanoic acid, 22 2-Amino-4-hydroxypteridine, 356, 504 5-Amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide, 33, 46,
497, 512, 513
5 - Aminoimidazole - Ν - succino - car- boxamide ribotide, 231
α-Aminoisobutyric acid, 36
4-Amino-5-isopropyl-3-isoxazolidone, 54 4-Amino-3-isoxazolidone—see Cycloserine Aminolevulinic acid, 168
Aminolevulinic acid dehydrase, 168 a-Aminomalonic acid, 317, 330 2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine, 216 Aminomethanesulfonic acid, 14, 55 1 - Amino - ρ - methoxyphenylmethane
sulfonic acid, 55
3-Aminomethylcyclohexaneglycine, 23 7-Amino-<*-methylene butyric acid, 317 2-Amino-4-methylhexanoic acid, 7, 11, 12 4-Amino-2-methyl-l-naphthol, 436 2-Aminomethylpentenoic acid 7, 13 Aminomethylphenylalanine, 6 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol, 459 2-Amino-5-(methylthio)-valeric acid, 58 6-Aminonicotinamide, 466-469
co-Aminooctanoic acid, 169
2,5 - fo's(Aminooxymethyl) - 1,4 - di- oxopiperazine, 345
6-Aminopenicillamic acid, 92 2-Amino-4-pentynoic acid, 41 Aminophenylalanine, 5, 8, 24, 50, 52 Aminophenylethanesulfonic acid, 6, 55 Aminophenylmethanesulfonic acid, 55 Aminopterin (4-Aminopteroylglutamic)
113, 262, 356, 450-453, 461-466, 502-529
4-Aminopteroylaspartic acid, 504 2-Aminopurine, 265
4-Aminopyrazolo (3,4-d)-pryimidine, 216, 217, 223, 230, 231
p-Aminosalicylic acid, 335, 487, 490 o-Aminosulfonamide, 485
Aminosulfonic acid, 13, 14
2-Amino-4-thiazolepropionic acid, 168 3-Aminotyrosine, 50
5-Aminouracil, 273 α-Aminovaleric acid, 53 Ammonia, 80, 185 Amphenone B , 578 A m y l alcohol, 338
Amylase, 40, 41, 44, 148, 253, 295, 466 Amytal, 156
Androgens, 567, 568, 576, 577 Androstane-3/3-17-/3-diol, 571, 572
Androstenes, 573, 581 Anemia
amino acid analogues and, 17, 24 folic acid antagonists and, 501, 507, 508,
521, 522
vitamin Ε and, 423, 427 Angiotensin, 109, 110
1,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol-6-phosphate, 146 Aniline, 338, 500
Anthocyanins, 361
Anthranilic acid, 9, 11, 34, 46, 325, 399 Antibiotics—see also under specific name,
76-95, 324, 354, 432 Antibodies, 100, 102
decarboxylases and, 326 insulin and, 389 lecithinase and, 191 synthesis of
amino acid analogues and, 41, 46, 57 purine analogues and, 225
pyrimidine analogues and, 267 Antimycin A , 156, 428, 437 Antioxidants, 411
Antitoxin, 191
Apresoline—see 1-Hydrazinophthalazine Arabinose, 147, 244
Araboascorbic acid, 457 Arabonic acid, 147 Arachidonic acid, 422 Arachidophosphatide, 160 Arginase, 2, 48, 53, 304
Arginine, 24-25, 29-30, 35-37, 40, 47-48, 55-56, 101
Arginine decarboxylase, 50, 317, 323, 324 Arginine desimidase, 48
Arginine vasopressin, 94 Arginosuccinase, 47, 48 Arsenate, 338
Arsanilic acid, 435, 487 Arsenite, viii
Aromatic amino acids—see under specific amino acids, e.g. Tyrosine
Ascorbic acid, 79, 346, 411, 412, 445, 451, 455-457, 462
Asparaginase, 52
Asparagine, 2, 21, 22, 29, 30, 52, 94 Aspartic acid, amino acid antagonisms
and, 2, 21-22, 29-33, 38-40, 44-52, 56 decarboxylation of, 115, 317, 323 decarboxylations and, 357
folic acid antagonists and, 464, 529 pyrimidine synthesis and, 241, 275-276 Aspartic acid transcarbamylase, 40, 44,48,
275, 276
Aspartic acid decarboxylase, 5, 115, 317, 357
Aspartic acid oxidase, 30, 52, 323 Aspartohydrazide, 22, 40 Aspartokinase, 47 Atabrine, 412 Ataxia, 425
Atherosclerosis, 160, 568 Atoxopyrimidine, 336 Atropine, 205, 412 Avidin, 458 Avitaminosis, 454
Azaadenine, 217, 221, 222, 230 Azacytosine, 251, 276
Azaguanine, x, 216, 217, 221-231 Azahypoxanthine, 231, 449 Azaindole, 11
8-Azapurine, 228
Azaserine, 20-21, 41, 53-57, 274 Azathymine, 255, 270-272 Azatryptophan, 9, 10, 40-44, 55
Azauracil and nucleotides of, 248-252, 276 8-Azaxanthine, 227
Azide, 329 Azomethine, 344
Β Bi—see Thiamine Be—see Pyridoxine Bacitracin, 77, 86 Bacteriocins, 103 Bacteriophage
actinomycin and, 82
bacterial enzyme synthesis and, 324 basic polypeptides and, 101, 105 synthesis of, 290, 298-303
amino acid analogues and, 14, 15, 55, 56
purine and pyrimidine analogues and, 221, 240, 251, 252, 259
B A L 208,330,346,395 Barbiturates, 155, 507, 508
narcosis and, 344, 360 Beet Yellow virus, 221 Bentonite, 412
1,2-Benzanthracene, 413
Benzedrine, χ Benzene, 195, 338 Benzenesulfinic acid, 357 Benzimidazole, 217, 218, 221, 230 2-Benzimidazolealanine, 10 Benzmalecene, 581
Benzoic acid, 157, 161, 162, 169, 334, 415 CoA derivatives of and fatty acid ox
idation, 161, 162 Benzoic acid enzyme, 40
3 - Benzolthiophene - a - amino propionic acid, 357
β - (2 - Benzothienyl) - a - amino propionic acid, 10
3-Benzothiophenealanine, 51 Benzoyl alcohol enzyme, 22 Benzoyl-L-aspartic acid, 53 JV-Benzoyldiiodotyrosine, 541 Benzoylhistidine, 356 Benzoxazolone, 357 5-Benzoxytryptophan, 358 Benzpyrene, 413
Benzylimidazole, 357 iV-Benzylglutamine, 20
<S-Benzylhomocysteine sulfoxide, 18 4-Benzyloxy-3,5-diiodobenzoic acid, 558 4 - Benzyloxy - 3 , 5 - diiodophenylalanine,
558
Bile, 189, 353, 418 Binding
of amino acids, 320-322 of insulin, 393
Biotin, 42, 94, 168, 297, 445
;
457, 458, 529 Biotin sulfone, 168β-Biphenylbutyric acid, 166, 167 Bishomobiotin, 168
Bisulfites, 339, 341 Blood, see also Anemia
coagulation of, 103, 105, 431, 434-435 dyscrasias of, 489, 521
formation of cellular elements in, 17, 24, 521-522, 582
pressure of, 50, 51, 109, 355 sugar in, 387
Bone marrow
folic acid analogues and, 501, 522 purine analogues and, 222, 223 Brady kinin, 110
British anti Lewisite—see B A L Bromoacetophenone, 190
Bromobenzene detoxication, 415 3'-BromcH5'-chloro-amethopterin, 520 Bromocytosine, 268
Bromodeoxycytidine, 262, 268
Bromodeoxyuridine and nucleotides of, 261-164, 267-272
5-Bromoorotic acid, 247 p-Bromophenylalanine, 51
Bromouracil and nucleotides of, 261-268, 270-273, 448
Bronchitis, 55 Brucellosis, 488 Bubonic plague, 485 Burns, 325, 395 Butanol, 338
l-(l-Butenyl)-alanine, 7 cis-l-(2-Butenyl)-alanine, 7 cts-2-(2-Butenyl)-alanine, 7 frans-2-(1-Butenyl)-alanine, 7 α,/S-Butenyl coenzyme A , 164 Butylamin, 317
Ν - Butyl - 3 , 5 - diiodo - 4 - hydroxyben- zoic acid, 557
Ν - Butyl - 4 - hydroxy - 3 , 5 - diiodoben- zoic acid, 414
2-Butylthiamine, 475
Butyric acid, 154, 155, 161-164 C
Cadaverine, 317 Caffeic acid, 50, 358, 359 Calciferol, 419
Canaline, 48
Canavanine, 24-25, 35-37, 43, 48, 50, 55 Canavanosuccinic acid, 48
Cancer—see Tumors Carcinogens, 413
Caprate—see Decanoic acid S-Carbamoylcysteine, 20, 21, 53, 57 O-Carbamoyl serine, 20, 41 Carbamyl-0-alanine, 241 Carbamylasparagine, 274
Carbamylaspartic acid, 34, 48, 241, 273, 274
Carbamylcysteic acid, 274 Carbamylcysteinesulfinic acid, 274 Carbamylglutamic acid, 274 Carbamylphosphate, 241, 273 Carbamylphosphate synthetase, 253 Carbazides, 339
O-Carbazylserine, 21, 57
iV-Carbobenzoxyglutamylcholine, 336 Carbobenzoxyglycylphenylalanine, 53 Carbohydrate breakdown—see Hexose me
tabolism
Carbon tetrachloride, 338, 425 Carbonic anhydrase, 490, 500, 501 Carbonyl reagents—see Pyridoxal antago
nists
Carboxypeptidase, 53 Carbutamide, 345, 399 Cardiac glycosides, 206 Cardiolipin, 176, 178
Carotenes (see also Vitamin A ) , 410-414, 419
Carvacrol acetate, 424 Catalase, 155, 258 d-Catechin, 361 Catechol, 358, 360, 361
Catechol amines, 325, 341, 345, 361 Catechol-o-methyl transferase, 350, 351 Casein hydrolyzates, 399
Celiac disease, 413, 418
Cell wall synthesis, 15, 24, 86, 260 Cephalin—see Phosphatidylethanolamine Cephalosporin, 93, 117
Ceramides, 204 Cetylcholine, 187, 188
Cetylpyridinium chloride, 187, 188, 195 Cetylsulfate, 189
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 179, 192
Chalcones, 361 Chaulmoogric acid, 158 Chloral, viii
Chloramphenicol, 54, 296, 299, 300, 302, 332, 334
Chlorinated naphthalenes, 415 2-Chloroadenine, 222
Chlorobenzene, 338 Chlorodeoxycytidine, 270 Chlorodeoxyuridine, 270
ρ - [Ν - bis (2 - chloroethyl)] - aminoben- zoylglutamic acid, 115
ρ - (bis - 2 - chloroethyl) - aminophenyl- alanine, 54, 114
Ν, Ν - di(2 - chloroethyl) - ρ - aminophen- ylbutyrate, 168
&-(2-chloroethyl)-D-cysteine, 58 Chloroform, viii, 195, 338
Chlorogenic acid, 358 Chloroguanide, 524, 525 δ-Chlorolevulinic acid, 168 2-Chloromenadione, 436
p-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate, 197 p-Chloromercuribenzoic acid, 185, 205,
394, 397
3 - Chloro - 3 - methyl - 2 - indinylpyri- dine—see Su 8000
4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid, 165 6 - Chloro - 7 - methyl - 9 - ribityl - iso-
alloxazine—see Monochloroflavin 5-Chloroorotic acid, 247
Chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 399 Chlorophenylalanine, 5, 40, 51, 52, 357 Ο, p' - D D D - (2 - ο - Chlorophenyl - 2 - p ' - chlorophenyl-1,1-dichloroethane, 579 6-Chloropurines, 218, 222, 223, 227, 230 ρ - (7 - Chloro - 4 - quinolylamino) -phen -
ylalanine, 6
Chlorotetracycline, 323, 500 Chlorouracil, 270
6-Chlorouric acid, 227 Chlorpromazine, 319, 354 Cholecalciferol—see Vitamin D Cholera, 485
Δ
4
Cholestenone, 581
Cholesterol, levels of, 159, 160
synthesis of, 160, 161, 166, 167, 579-582 steroid hormones and, 578
thyroxin and, 537 vitamin D and, 417
Choline, 15,166,194,195, 200, 201, 208, 445 analogues of, 458-460
Choline oxidase, 459 Cholinesterase, x, 292, 446 Chorioadenoma, 520 Choriocarcinoma, 519-520 Chorioepithelioma, 520 Chorionic tumors, 518, 520 Chromanols, 421
Chymotrypsin, 391 Cinnamic acid, 10, 161 Circulin, 77, 87, 88 Cirrhosis, 413, 425 Citral, 416
Citric acid, 161, 163, 191, 448
Citrovorum factor—see Tetrahydrofolic acid, 5 formyl
Citrulline, 29, 48 Cleft palate, 523
Clupeine, 101
Coagulation—see Blood coagulation Cocarboxylase—see Thiamine
Coccidosis (in fowl), 413, 435, 474,489, 526 Codecarboxylase—see Pyridoxal
Cod liver oil, 423 Coenzyme A , 115, 153
fat metabolism and, 161-166, 169 pantothenic acid analogues and, 470, 489 phospholipid synthesis and, 199, 203 purine analogues and, 227
Cold resistance, 555
Competitive inhibitions and reversals, viii, 3, 31, 450, 451, 462, 491
Complement, 100
Consciousness, fatty acids and, 155 Convulsions,
amino acid analogues and, 17, 18 CoA derivatives and, 164 folic acid antagonists and, 507 pyridoxal analogues and, 335-336, 341 tocopherol and, 427
Corticoids, synthesis of, 568, 577-579, 581 Cortisol, synthesis of, 578, 579
Corticosterone, synthesis of, 578, 579, 581 Corticotropin—see A C T H
Cortisone
amino acid metabolism and, 325, 347-349
antiinsulin action of, 391, 396 estrogens and, 574
vitamin A and, 412 Coumarin, 361 Creatinuria, 424-426 Creatine, 47 Cresylacetate, 424 Cresylphosphate, 425, 426 Cresylsuccinate, 424 Crocker carcinoma, 147 Crotonic acid, 161 Crotylalanine, 7, 16 Crotylglycine, 16, 52 Crotoxin, 184 Crystalluria, 489
Cushing's disease, 396, 568, 579 Cyanide, viii, 190, 320, 330, 331, 395 Cyanocobalamin—see Vitamin B12 Cyclodeaminase—see under Tetrahydro
folic acid Cyclohexane, 338
Cyclohexanealanine, 49
Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 169 Cyclohexaneglycine, 13, 49 Cyclohexanone, 338 Cyclohexenealanine, 7, 12
Cyclohydrase—see under Tetrahydrofolic acid
Cyclohydrolase—see under Tetrahydro
folic acid
Cyclopentanealanine, 12 Cyclopentaneglycine, 12 Cyclopentenealanine, 4, 7 Cyclopenteneglycine, 13 Cyclopropanealanine, 12
Cycloserine, 14-15, 54, 92, 343-345 Cynarine, 359
Cystathionine, 24
Cysteic acid, 21, 33, 38, 40, 49, 53, 55, 115 Cysteic acid decarboxylase, 317, 327-333,
339, 340, 346, 351, 352, 357, 364 Cysteic acid desulfhydrase, 352 Cysteine
amino acid antagonisms and, 2, 17, 29, 30, 34, 55, 86
decarboxylation and, 346, 357, 361 phospholipid metabolism and, 197-201 Cysteine desulfhydrase, 332, 349, 351 Cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase, 317,
327-330, 333, 339, 346, 351-353, 357 Cysteine sulfonic acid, 49
Cysteinylglycine, 116 Cystine, 15, 17, 24, 30, 346
Cystinylfo's (prolylleucylglycinamide), 111 Cytidine diphosphate choline, 200, 201,
204, 245
Cystidine diphosphate ethanolamine, 201, 245
Cytidine diphosphate glycerol, 245 Cytidine diphosphate ribitol, 245 Cytidine - monophosphate - JV - acetyl-
neuraminic acid, 245 Cytochrome C, 291
Cytochrome C reductase, 427 Cytosine (see also Deoxycytidine)
analogues,
nucleic acid, nucleotide synthesis and, 240-263, 272-276, 291, 307, 506 phospholipid synthesis and, 197,
200-207, 245
synthesis of, 34, 46, 54, 276, 493, 508
D
Daraprim, 461, 464, 465, 504 Dark adaptation, 412, 413
Deamidodiphosphopyridine nucleotide, 54 Deamination, of nucleotides, 244, 248 Deazapteridine, 464
Decanoic acid, 154-157
Decarboxylation (see also specific amino acid)
of amino acids, 49-54, 115, 315-366 of pyrimidine nucleotides, 244, 248, 249 Decaffeylquinic acid—see Cynarine Dehydrochlorinase, 509
7-Dehydrocholesterol, 417 ω-Dehydroisoleucine, 13 Dehydrolysine, 23 Dehydroproline, 26 7-Dehydrositosterol, 417 Δ'-Dehydrotestolactone, 581
Deoxyadenosine and nucleotides of, 217, 276, 301
Deoxycholic acid, 156, 195, 204
Deoxycorticosterone, 569, 570, 577-579, 581
11-Deoxycortisol, 578
Deoxycytidine and nucleotides of, 242-245, 261-263, 271-272, 300-301
hydroxymethylase of, 300 4'-Deoxy-3,5-diiodothyronines, 562 6-Deoxy-6-fluoroglucose, 143, 144 2-Deoxygalactose, 140, 141 2-Deoxyglucose, 135, 139-143
6-phosphate derivative of, 141-143 6-Deoxyglucose, 140
Deoxyguanosine, and nucleotides of, 80, 246, 276, 301
Deoxyhydroxymethylcytidine, 300-302 Deoxyinosine, 246
Deoxypridoxine, 331-333, 352, 451, 470 phosphate derivative of, 331-332 2-Deoxyribose, 148, 149, 242
Deoxyribonuclease, 97, 296, 297, 300, 301 Deoxyribonucleic acid
infectivity of, 290, 298
polymerase of, 82, 268, 301, 302 protein synthesis and, 292, 295 ribonucleic acid synthesis and, 246 synthesis of,
amino acid analogues and, 40
folic acid antagonists and, 498, 512, 517, 529
glucoascorbate and, 147 peptide antibiotics and, 80-84 purine analogues and, 221, 226-232,
273
pyrimidines and, 240-246
analogues and, 248-253, 256-274, 449
viruses and, 297-308
transforming activity of, 265, 289, 506, 510
Deoxyuridine and nucleotides synthesis of, 242-246
analogues and, 257, 262, 270, 271, 448 thymine synthesis and, 300
folic acid antagonists and, 453,462,516 Dethiobiotin, 94, 168, 457, 458
Detoxication, 168, 415 Desmosterol, 579
Diabetes Mellitus, 133, 160, 383-402, 490, 568
Diamine oxidase, 340 Diaminobutyric acid, 87, 88
2 , 4 - Diamino - 5 - ρ - chlorophenyl - 6 - ethylpyrimidine—see Daraprim 2 , 4 - Diamino - 5 - (3', 4
/
-dichlorophenyl) - 6-methylpyrimidine, 518
2,4-Diaminodihydrotriazines, 504 2,4 - Diamino - 7,8 - dimethyl - 10 - ri-
bityl-5,10-dihydrophenazine, 473 2,4 - Diaminoheptanoic acid—see e - 6 -
Methyllysine
a,a'-Diamino-/S-hydroxypimelic acid, 51 Diaminopimelic acid, 24, 51, 53, 317, 332 Diaminopropionic acid, 49
2,4-Diaminopteridine, 504 2,6-Diaminopurine, 216-232
2,4-Diaminopyrimidine, 488,502-504,525, 526
2,4-Diaminoquinazolines, 504 Diaminosuccinic acid, 21, 49
2,4 - Diamino - 6,7 bis - (p - sulfino- methylaminophenyl) pteridine, 355 2,4-Diaminotriazine, 503
Diarrhea, 521
6,7-Diarylpterines, 465
Diazoacetyl-L-serine—see Azaserine 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine ( D O N ) , 20, 34,
53-57, 94, 274
Dibenzathracene, 413 Dibromoanilide, 450 Dibromotyrosine, 536, 543
Dicetylphosphoric acid, 176-180, 192, 193 Dichloroamethopterin, 518, 520
Dichlorobenzoic acid, 399 Dichloroisobutyric acid, 470
Dichloromethotrexate — see Dichloroa
methopterin
Dichloro-10-methyl folic acid, 526 6 - Chloro - 7 - methyl - 9 - ribityl iso-
alloxazine—see Monochlororiboflavin Dichloro-l,4-naphthoquinone, 436 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 165, 436, 547 ω- (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyl) alkylcarboxylic
acid, 165
Dichlorophenylalanine, 5, 43, 51 Dichlororiboflavin, 472, 473
Dichloro - 1 - β - D - ribofuranosylbenz- imidazole, 308
#-Dichlorovinylcysteine, 8 Dicoumarol, 433-437
Diethylaminoethanol, 200, 201
1 - (p - 2 - Diethylaminoethoxyphenyl - 1 - phenyl - 2 - ρ - methoxyethanol — see M E R , 25
(1 - [4(Diethylaminoethoxy) phenyl] - 1 - ρ - tolyl) - 2 - (chlorophenyl) - eth
anol—see M E R , 29
Diethylaminoethyl diphenylpropylacetic acid, 168
Diethylaminoethyl diphenylvaleric acid—
see S K F , 525A
Diethyl ether, 176, 190, 194-196 Diethylhydroquinone, 427 Diethylstilbesterol, 353
Differentiation, 4, 41, 224, 291-294, 463, 467
Difluorotyrosine, 8 Diglycerides, 174, 194, 200
kinase of, 205-208 transferase of, 207
Dihydrazinophthalazine, 340, 341 Dihydroceramide, 203
22-Dihydroergosterol, 417 Dihydrofluorouracil, 255
Dihydrofolic acid, 244, 484, 496, 513, 525 folic acid antagonists and, 503, 505, 509,
514-518, 523-528
5-methyl derivative of, 496 reductase of, 492, 496-499 Dihydro-19-nortestosterone, 568 Dihydroorotase, 275-276 Dihydroorotic acid, 21, 241, 274
Dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase, 248, 255-257, 263, 268
Dihydrotriazines, 465, 488, 518 Dihydrouracil, 241
Dihydroxy-3'-carboxy-chalcones, 50 Dihydroxycinnamic acid, 365
5 - ( 3 , 4 - Dihydroxycinnamoyl) salicylic acid, 50, 364
1,4 - bis - (3,4 - Dihydroxycinnamoyl) quinic acid—see Cynarine
Dihydroxyphenol, 361
Dihydroxyphenolcarboxylic acid, 361 Dihydroxyphenylalanine—see D O P A Dihydroxyphenylamine—see Dopamine Dihydroxyphenylbutane, 569
Dihydroxyphenylethanolamine, 318 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-ethylamine, 50 (Di-p-hydroxyphenyl) hexane, 569 (Di-p-hydroxyphenyl) pentane, 569 (Di - ρ - hydroxyphenyl) 1,4- pentadien -
3-one, 569
Dihydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, 333 Dihydroxyphenylserine ( D O P S ) , 49, 318-
319
Dihydroxystearic acid, 432 Dihydroxytryptophan, 358
3,5-Diiodohy droxy benzoic acid, 352, 544- 546
η-butyl ester of, 546
Ν - ( 3 , 5 - Diiodohydroxybenzoyl) - 3 , 5 - diiodotyrosine, 546, 560
3,5-Diiodohydroxyhippuric acid, 541 3,5-Diiodo-4- (4
/
-hydroxypheny 1) benzoic acid, 561
2,6-Diiodophenoxyacetic, 548, 558 3,5-Diiodothyroacetic acid, 550, 559 3,5-Diiodothyroformic acid, 549 2,6-Diiodothyronine, 549, 562 3,3-Diiodothyronine, 550, 559 3,5-Diiodothyronine, 543, 549-550 Diiodotyramine, 318
Diiodotyrosine, 43, 318, 426, 535-536, 541-543
ethers of, 534-536, 543-544
Diisopropylfluorophosphate ( D F P ) , 446
Dilantin, 507, 508
Dimercapto-l-propanol (Dimercaprol)—
see B A L
Dimethylaminoethanol (Dimethylethan- olamine), 200, 201, 206
Dimethylbenzimidazole—see Vitamin B12 Dimethylcholine, 459
Dimethyldihydropteridine, 515
2α, - 17a - Dimethyl - 17/8 - hydroxyand- rostan-3-one, 569-570
4 - ( 3 ' , 5 ' - Dimethylphenoxy) - 3,5 - diiodobenzoic acid, 549, 559 4 - ( 2
/
, 4
/
- Dimethylphenoxy) - 3,5 - diiodophenylalanine, 559
Dimethylriboflavin—see Isoriboflavin Dimethylstilbesterol, 569
Dimethylxanthine—see Paraxanthine 2,4, Dinitrophenol ( D N P ) , 154, 157, 320,
321, 395, 437 Dioleyl lecithin, 195
2 , 4 - dioxo - 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 - tetrahydro 1,3,5, triazine, 251
Diphenylchlorarsine, 190
2,2 - Diphenyl - 1 - (β - dimethylethy- laminoethoxy) pentane—see S K F , 3301
Diphenylphosphate, 196
Diphosphopyridine nucleotide—see Nico
tinamide adenine dinucleotide 2 , 3 - Distearoyloxypropyl - (dimethyl) -
β - hydroxyethylammonium acetate, 187
Djenkolic acid, 17, 58
Docosanylpyridinium, 192-194 Dodecanoic acid, 154, 159
Dodecyl sulfate, 156, 176, 191, 195, 427 DON—see 5-Diazo-6-oxo-L-norleucine D O P A decarboxylase, 49-51, 316-335,
340-365
folic acid antagonists and, 355 hormones and, 345-353 ions and, 319, 327-329
amethyl D O P A analogues and, 364-365 pyridoxine antagonists and, 331-341 reserpine and, 354
sulfhydryl compounds and, 330, 346 Dopamine, 318, 341, 349
DPN—see Nicotinamide adenine dinucle
otide
Dysentery, 485, 488
Ε Edema, 522 EDTA—see Versene
Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, 80, 140, 157, 228, 231, 242, 247, 254-256
Encephalitis virus, 221 Encephalomyelitis (equine), 55 Enzymes, as toxins, 96, 97, 325 Eosinopenia, 582
Epileptic siezures, 344 Epinephrine—see Adrenaline Ergosterol, 417
Ergotamine, 427 Erucic acid, 160
Eryptamine—see Ethyltryptamine Erythrocytes—see Blood
Erythromycin, 169 Erythrose-4-phosphate, 47 Esterase, 53, 89, 292
Estradiol, 352, 353, 569-571, 574, 575 Estriol, 574-575
Estrogens, 352, 353, 396, 567-575 enzyme activity and, 352, 353, 575 placental isocitric acid dehydrogenase
and, 569, 575
steroid inhibitors of, 568-574 Estrone, 352, 353
Ethanol, 185, 190, 344, 412
Ethanolamine, 19, 49, 87, 194, 195, 200, 201, 317, 334
Ether, 338, 344
Ethionine, 2, 15-18, 37, 40-44, 48, 49, 55-57
Ethionine sulfoxide, 18, 52 Ethylamine, 19, 317
/3-Ethylaminoethanol, 200 jS-Ethylcysteine, 58 Ethyldiazopyruvate, 12 Ethylgallate, 411 JV-Ethylglutamine, 20 Ethyllinoleate, 160
JV-Ethylmaleimide, 394, 395
17a - Ethyl - 19 - nor - 17/3 - hydroxyan- drostan-3-one, 571
17a-Ethyl-19-nortestosterone, 570, 571, 574
Ethyl-7-phosphonoglutamic acid, 19 Ethylpyridoxine—see ω-Methylpyridoxine Ethylriboflavin, 473
Ethylstibesterol, 569
>5>-(iV-Ethylsuccinyl) glutathione, 116 Ethylsulfonium ethionine, 17 Ethyl thiamine, 475
Ethylthioacetic acid, 161-163 Ethylthiophenylalanine, 8 17a-Ethyltestosterone, 572
Ethyl - 2 , 4 , 6 - triiodophenoxyacetic acid, 558
Ethyltryptamine, 364
17a - Ethynyl - 19 - nor - 17/3 - hydrox- yandrostan-3-one, 571
17a - Ethynyl - 19 - norandrostane - 3/3 - 17/3-diol, 571
17a-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone, 570-574 17a-Ethynyltestosterone, 571, 572
F Farnesoic acid, 167, 582 Farnesyl pyrophosphate, 167 Fats, absorption and, 411, 423
antioxidants, vitamin Ε and, 422 Fatty acids
alkylthio derivatives of, 161-162 D-amino acid oxidase and, 157 aromatic derivatives of, 160-161 cholesterol synthesis and, 166-167, 582 coenzyme A and, 160-165
detoxications and, 168 esterification and, 199 fluoro derivatives of, 162-164
growth of microorganisms and, 158-159 oxidation of, 160-165
oxidative phosphorylation and, 155-157 peptides on plasma levels of, 395 phospholipases and, 174, 178, 189 phytohormones and, 165-166 occurrence of,
in antibiotics, 169 in biotin, 168 respiration and, 154-155
Feedback inhibitions, 46, 150, 274-276 Fermentation, glucose analogues and, 138-
140, 144 Ferricyanide, 193
Fertility, and vitamin E, 421, 424 Fibrinogen, 105, 431
Flavanones, 361 Flavans, 361
Flavine mononucleotides, 473
Flavine adenine dinucleotide, 297 Flavones, 361
Flavonoids, 361 Fluoride, vii, 131, 320
phospholipase and, 190, 191 phospholipid synthesis and, 199, 200 Fluoroacetic acid, x, 163, 255, 448 Fluoroacetyl CoA, 163
2-Fluoroadenine, 230 a-Fluoro-0-alanine, 255 Fluoroanthranilic acid, 11 j8-Fluoroaspartic acid, 49 Fluorobutyric acid, 163 Fluorocitrate, x, 163, 448
5-Fluorocytosine, and ribotides of, 254, 260-261, 276
5-Fluorodeoxycytidine, 257, 260-261 Fluorodeoxyuridine, 254-257, 261-262,
269-272
Fluorodeoxyuridine - 5' - monophosphate, 254-257, 261, 448
α-Fluoroglutamic acid, 19
a-Fluoro-j8-guanidopropionic acid, 255 Fluorohexanoic acid, 163
3-Fluoro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 543 3-Fluoro-5-iodotyrosine, 8
Fluoromevalonic acid, 167, 581 5-Fluoronicotinic acid, 466, 468 Fluorooleic acid (co-fluoro-cis-A
9
-octadec- enoic acid), 163
Fluoroorotic acid, 248, 257, 276 Fluoroorotidine monophosphate, 248 /3-Fluorooxalacetic acid, 49
ra-Fluorophenylalanine, 38, 40, 43, 56 o-Fluorophenylalanine, 40, 42, 43, 55, 56 p-Fluorophenylalanine, 4, 5, 34-44, 55, 56 p-Fluoro-/3-phenylserine, 6
5-Fluorotryptophan, 9, 10, 44, 46, 57 6-Fluorotryptophan, 9, 44
3-Fluorotyrosine, 8, 45, 543
Fluorouracil, and ribotides of, 248, 254- 261, 272, 276, 448, 516
<*-Fluoro-/3-ureidopropionic acid, 255 Folic acid—see also Dihydrofolic acid and
Tetrahydrofolic acid
amino acid antagonisms and, 29, 30 analogues of, 461-466, 481-529
anemia and, 508
aativulsants and, 507-508
bacterial growth and, 505-507, 524, 529
enzymic activity and, 274, 331, 355, 356, 512-516
"in v i v o " effects of, 516-524 resistance and, 508-512 estrogens and, 569 leukemia and, 113 peptides of, 81
purine synthesis and, 219 pyrimidine synthesis and, 452-454 sulfonamides and, 482-491
Folic acid reductase, 492, 499, 506, 507, 512-515, 520, 527
Folic acid synthetase, 510 Food poisoning, 485
Foot and mouth disease, 55, 306 Formaldehyde, 493, 497 Formate, 272, 463, 495, 523
Formiminoglutamic acid, 498, 515, 523 Formiminotransf erase, 497, 515
Formyldihydrofolic acid—see Dihydro
folic acid, formyl
Formyltetrahydrofolic acid—see Tetra
hydrofolic acid, formyl Formylglycinamideribotide, 20, 53 Formylglycinamidine ribotide, 20, 53 iV-Formylsarcoly sin ,115
Fructose, and phosphates of, 133-137, 139, 141-145, 306
Fucono-1,5-lactone, 146 Fumaric acid, 48, 51
2-Furanylalanine, 5, 41, 52, 55, 57 Furoic acid hydrazide, 342 Furylalanine, 4
G
G A B A , 169, 317-320, 337, 338, 342, 343 Galactono-1,5-lactone, 146
Galactose, 139, 147, 148, 244, 294 Galactose-l-phosphate, 145-146
0-Galactosidase, synthesis of, 40-44, 253, 258, 259, 273, 294, 295
D-Galactosone, 139 Galacturonic acid, 244 Gammexane, 465, 466 Gangrene, 427 Gastocolic fistula, 432 Germination, 12, 29
Globulins, insulin and, 390 α-globulins, 391 0-globulins, 388 7-globulins, 96, 387-389 Glucagon, 11, 391, 396, 399
Glucoascorbic acid, 146, 451, 455-457 Glucocorticoids, 348
Glucogenolysis, 396 Glucokinase, 294 Gluconate, 294
Gluconeogenesis, 395, 396 D-Glucononitrile, 138
D-Glucosamine, 133-137, 141, 147 D-Glucosamine-6-phosphate, 136
Glucose, 90, 103, 132, 134, 135, 137, 141, 147, 148
insulin and, 384, 388, 393 uptake and, 36, 393, 394 viruses and, 302, 303, 306
Glucose dehydrogenase, 136,143,145,147, 148
Glucose-6-phosphatase, 147, 293 Glucose-l-phosphate, 137, 146
Glucose-6-phosphate, 136, 137, 142, 144- 147, 149, 306
D-Glucosone, 138, 139 Glucosylation, 301 Glucuronic acid, 244 /^-Glucuronidase, 146 /3-Glucuronolactone, 139 Glutaminase, 364 Glutamic acid
amino acid antagonisms and, 17-20, 28-30, 46, 55, 241, 320, 523
folic, pantothenic acids, and, 113, 462, 470, 483
peptide antibiotics and, 80, 86 sulfonamide of, 18
sulfoxide of, 18 sulfoximine of, 18 Glutamic acid decarboxylase
amino acids, analogues and, 50, 51, 324, 343, 344, 356, 357, 361-363 chlorpromazine, lysergic acid and, 319,
338
hormones and, 351-352 ions and, 327-329 penicillamine and, 345
pyridoxal antagonists,
carbonyl reagents and, 316, 317, 330, 333-336, 339-343
synthesis of, 323-324, 326 Glutamine
amino acids antagonisms and, 17-24, 29, 30, 43, 53-54, 274
cytosine synthesis and, 34, 243 growth and, 29
protein synthesis and, 41 tryptophan synthesis and, 46 y-Glutamohydrazide, 19, 20, 40, 41, 43, 56 7-Glutamohydroxamic acid, 364
Glutamotransferase, 53
7-DL-Glutamyl-DL-alanylglycine, 116 7 - Glutamyl - α - amino - η - butyrylgly-
cine, 116
7-Glutamyldimethylamide, 49 7-Glutamylmethylamide, 49 7-Glutamylphosphonic acid, 18
Glutathione, 29, 92,116, 201, 208, 346, 397 Glutathione reductase, 397
L-Glyceraldehyde, 146
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, 44 Glyceride transferase, 200, 202, 203 Glycerokinase, 197, 200
Glycerol, 197
L-a-Glycerophosphate, 199 Glycerophosphorylcholine, 179, 187 Glycerophosphorylethanolamine, 188 Glycinamide ribotide transformylase, 497 Glycinamidine ribotide, 21
Glycine
amino acid antagonisms, and, 11, 13-15, 28-30, 35-38
in antibiotics, 87, 94 peptides of, 2, 37-39, 45, 52 reactions of, 47, 49, 317, 484, 493 uptake of, 35, 36, 321
Glycine transamidinase, 47 Glycogen synthesis, 149, 395 Glycolysis
hexose analogues and, 131,133,135,138, 140, 142, 145
purine analogues and, 225 sulfonamides and, 500 virus infection and, 306 Glycoside-«ee Cardiac glycoside Glycosidase, 148, 271
Glycosylphosphate, 244 Glycylasparagine, 38 Glycylglyeine, 2 Glycylleucine, 52 Glycylmethionine, 45 Glycylphenylalanine, 37, 38 Glycylserine, 38
Glycyl-2-thiophenealanine, 37-39 Glyoxalase, 116
Goitre-genesis, 538-539, 544, 554-556 Gonads, 396
Gonadotropin, 519, 568 Gonorrhea, 485 Gramicidin, 77, 87, 154 Growth (of microorganisms)
amino acid analogues and, 1-58 alanine and, 14-15
arginine and, 24-25
asparagine, aspartic acid and, 21, 22, 29
diaminopimelic acid and, 24
glutamic acid, glutamine and, 17-21, 29, 30
glycine and, 14, 15, 28 histidine and, 25 isoleucine and, 12, 14, 28 leucine and, 11-12, 28 lysine and, 23, 24-29 methionine and, 15-17 phenylalanine and, 4, 7, 45 proline and, 26
serine and, 22 threonine and, 22 tryptophan and, 9-11 tyrosine and, 8 valine and, 12-14, 28 biotin analogues and, 457-458 fatty acids, analogues, and, 158-159 folic acid analogues and, 462, 463, 482,
483, 491-500, 505-507, 513, 524-529 glucose analogues and, 138, 140, 141,
148, 149
inositol analogues and, 465-466 nicotinic acid analogues and, 467 pantothenic acid analogues and, 468 peptide antibiotics and, 78-95
proteins, peptides and, 97, 100-106, 116 purine analogues and, 216-222
pyridoxine analogues and, 336, 470-472
pyrimidine analogues and, 247, 251-253, 260-263, 268, 270, 272
riboflavin analogues and, 473 thiamine analogues and, 474 vitamin K , analogues, and, 436 Growth hormone, 396
Guaicol acetate, 424 Guanase, 226, 227 Guanine, and nucleotides
antinomycin and, 80 folic acid and, 462
glutamine, analogues, and, 54, 243 nucleic acid synthesis and, 246, 264,265,
449
O M P decarboxylase and, 276 phospholipid synthesis and, 204 protein synthesis and, 291
purine analogues and, 217-220, 225-231, 324
sulfonamides and, 484, 498 Guanylhydrazone, 339
H Halophenylcysteine, 43 Harelip, 523
Hatchability, 421 Heart disease, 568 Hemagglutinins, 304 Hematoxylin, 361
Hemoglobin, synthesis of, 291 Hemolysis, 426
^-Hemolytic streptococci, 485 Hemorrhage, 427, 431, 433 Heparin, 103-105
Hepatitis, 413, 489 Hepatoma, 334 Heptadecylamine, 180 Heptanoic acid, 154
2 - η - Heptyl - 4 - hydroxyquinoline - Ν - oxide, 428
Herpes virus, 306, 308 Hexachlorocyclohexane, 465 Hexadecyl sulfate, 176
Hexanoic acid, 154, 156, 163, 164 Hexokinase, 133-140, 144, 145
glucose analogues and, 138-142, 146 pentose analogues and, 147, 148 Hexose metabolism, 131-147
iV-acetyl-D-glucosamine and, 137
6 - deoxy - 6 - fluoro - D - glucose - 6 - phosphate and, 141-143
2-deoxy-D-glucose derivatives and, 139- 143
fructose phosphates and, 144-145 D-galactose-l-phosphate and, 145-146 D-glucosamines and, 138-139 glucosones and, 138-139 lactones and, 146-147
pentose derivatives and, 147-149 phosphogluconic acids and, 145-146 sorbose derivatives and, 145-146 virus infection and, 303-304 Hippuric acid, 169
Hirsutism, 567
Histamine, x, 53, 317, 322, 325, 340, 348, 353, 357
Histidase, 53
Histidine, 25-26,36, 46, 47, 53-56, 498, 528 D-Histidine, 29, 51, 53, 356, 357
Histidine decarboxylase, 51, 316, 317, 322-325, 338, 346, 354, 358, 361 amino acids, analogues, and, 355-357,
365, 366
hormones and, 347-348 inorganic ions and, 328, 329
pyridoxine, carbonyl reagents and, 334, 339-341
synthesis of, 325, 326 Histones, 101, 107 Hodgkin's disease, 85 Homoarginine, 24, 25 Homobiotin, 168, 457, 458 Hômocysteic acid, 19, 49, 357
Homocysteine, 30,33, 34,47, 346,484,493, 496
1- (Hemi-homocystine)-oxy tocin, 109 Homodjencolic acid, 17
Homolysine, 23 Homoserine, 22, 33 Hormones—see: A C T H ,
Corticosteroids Gonadotropin Growth hormone Insulin
Phytohormones Polypeptide hormones Steroids
Thyroxin Hyaluronidase, 97
Hydrazides, 339-343 Hydrazine, 319, 339-343 Hydrazino-2-octane, 340
2-Hydrazino-5-phenylpyridizine, 340 1-Hydrazinophthalazine, 339-341 Hydrazones, 343
Hydrocephalus, 522 Hydrocortisone, 349 Hydrogen sulfide, viii Hydroquinone, 361, 421 Hydroxamic acid, 44 a-Hydroxyalanine, 94
€-Hydroxy-a-aminocaproic acid, 49 17/8-Hydroxyandrostan-3-one, 570-573 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid oxidase, 435 7-Hydroxyarginine, 50, 53
/3-Hydroxyaspartic acid, 21, 33, 38, 40, 48, 49
m-Hydroxybenzalacetone, 359 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 510 β-Hydroxybutyryl C o A , 164 Hydroxycadaverine, 317 p-Hydroxycinnamic acid, 8, 50
5-(3-Hydroxycinnamoyl) salicylic acid, 358, 360
11,17-Hydroxy corticosteroids, 396 /3-Hydroxydiaminopimelic acid, 24 Hydroxyethyldimethylisoalloxazine, 473 a-Hydroxy-GABA, 317
β-Hydroxyglutamic acid, 19, 50, 363 α-Hydroxyiminoglutaric acid, 363 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 333, 343, 362 1 - [5 - Hydroxyindolyl - 3] - 2 - (3 - car -
boxy-4-hydroxybenzoyl) ethylene, 50, 359
Hydroxylamine, 44, 199
amino acid decarboxylases and, 339-343 pyridoxal phosphokinase and, 319, 343 17c*-Hydroxylase, 579
/3-Hydroxyleucine, 12
δ-Hydroxylysine, 19, 24, 41, 50, 317 p-Hydroxymercuribenzoic acid, 275 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylalanine, 50 Hydroxymethylase, synthesis of, 303 Hydroxymethylcytosine, 240, 265, 299-
301, 305, 493
Hydroxy me thyldeoxy cytidine - 5' - phos - phate, 244
iS-Hydroxymethylhomocysteine, 17
2 - (3 - Hydroxy - 2 - methyl - 5 - hydrox - ymethyl - pyridyl - 4) - 1 , 3 - thiazan- carboxylic-4-acid, 346
Hydroxymethylpyrimidine, 336
5 - Hydroxy - α - methyltryptamine - creatinine sulfate, 364
6-Hydroxynorleucine, 58
p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 357, 362, 363 o-Hy droxy phenylacetic acid, 363
ra-Hydroxyphenylalanine (m-tyrosine), 49, 318
o-Hydroxyphenylalanine (o-tyrosine), 6, 49, 318
1 - (3 - Hydroxyphenyl) - 2 - amino - 1 - propanol, 50
Hydroxyphenylethanolamine, 318 Hydroxyphenylethylamine, 318 m-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, 38, 333 p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, 357, 362,
363
Hydroxyphenylserine, 49, 50, 318, 330 Hydroxyproline, 26, 30
5-Hydroxy-2-pyridinealanine, 8 3-Hy droxy sulfanilamide, 489
3 - Hydroxy - 3,7,11 - trimethyldodeca - 6,10-dienoic acid, 582
4-Hydroxytryptamine, 317
5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 50, 317, 320-325, 333, 342, 362, 364
hormones and, 347, 348, 351, 353, 555 6-Hy droxy tryptamine, 318
4-Hy droxy tryptophan, 317, 365 5-Hydroxytryptophan
amino acid metabolism and, 44, 48, 52, 340, 357-363, 555
uptake of, 36, 320 6-Hydroxytryptophan, 318 7-Hydroxytryptophan, 52, 358
5-Hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, 51, 317, 319, 320, 323
amino acids, analogues and, 354, 358- 365
hormones and, 347, 348, 351 ions and, 327-329
pyridoxal, carbonyl reagents and, 333, 341, 342
tumors and, 322, 334 5-Hydroxyuridine, 273 /3-Hy droxy valine, 14
Hypercholesterolemia, 166, 568
Hyperglycemia, 387, 389 Hyperkeratosis, 415 Hypertension, 340, 365
Hyperthyroidism, 349-351, 414, 541, 543, 553
Hypoglycemia, 345, 386, 390, 399 Hypophosphatemia, 418
Hypophysectomy, 398 Hypotaurine, 317
Hypothrombinemia, 431-437 Hypothyroidism, 350-351
Hypoxanthine—see also Inosine and N u cleotides, 217-222, 230, 231, 449
/ Idiopathic steatorrhea, 418 Imidazole, 53, 357 Imidazopyridines, 217, 218 Imidazotriazines, 218
Immunological response (to insulin), 389 Inanition, amino acid decarboxylases and,
322
Indanedione, 435 Indole, 9, 11, 34, 35
bacteriophage absorption and, 56 cycloserine and, 343
tryptophan metabolism and, 46-48 Indoleacetic acid, 24, 48
insulinase and, 399 plant growth and, 165 Indoleacrylic acid, 10, 50
5-(3-Indoleacrylyl)-salicylic acid, 359 Indolebutyric acid, 165, 399 Indolepropionic acid, 48, 165, 399 Indolepyruvic acid, 365
|8-(3-Indolyl)-acrylic acid, 359 INH—see Isonicotinic acid hydrazide Infectious bronchitis, 105
Infectious hepatis, 413 Infectious R N A , 290
Influenza virus, 55, 105, 253, 304-306, 485 Inhibition index, 31-33
Inosine, and nucleotides of, 30, 217, 220, 222, 246
folic acid and, 462-463
purine analogues and, 222, 230, 231 Inositol, 202, 445
analogues of, 465-466 Insecticides, 465
detoxication of, 415
Insulin, 111, 138, 383-402
amino acid decarboxylase and, 347 basic protein complex and, 388 carbohydrate uptake and, 136, 143 catecholamine content and, 332 hydrolyzates of, 399
strepogenin and, 94 Insulinase, 397-399
plant hormones and, 391 Insulinogenesis, 384-386 Insulin reductase, 397 Interferon, 95, 304 Invertase, 91 Iodine, 542 Iodinin, 436 Iodoacetamide, 197 Iodoacetic acid, 131, 185
insulin and, 394, 397 Iododeoxyuridine, 262, 268-270 Iodoortic acid, 247
Iodophenoxyacetic acid, 548 Iodothyropropionic acid, 551 Iodouracil, 268-270
Ionic detergents, 337 a-Ionone, 411 Ions (inorganic)
adenosine triphosphatase and, 206 amino acid decarboxylases and, 319
327-329, 337-338 glycerokinase and, 197
phosphatidic acid phosphatase and, 199 phospholipases and, 179-182, 185, 189-
193, 196
phospholipid synthesis and, 200-205,208 polymyxins and, 89
rickets and, 417, 418 vitamin Ε and, 421, 424 Ipel—see 6-Methyloctanoic acid Iproniazid, 340, 341, 364 Irradiation—see X-irradiation Islet damage, 386
Isoamylamine, 317
<S>-Isoamylhomocysteine, 15 Isobutylamine, 317 Isobutyric acid, 164
Isocitric acid dehydrogenase, hormones and, 574-575
Isoglutamine-4-oxytocin, 109 Isoleucine
amino acid antagonisms and, 2, 12-14, 27-38, 45, 46, 55, 317
antiviral activity of, 55 peptides of, 86, 108 transport and, 34-37 Isomytilitol, 465
Isoniazid—see Isonicotinic acid hydrazide Isonicotinic acid, 334-335
hydrazide of, 335, 341, 342, 471 Isonicotinoyl hydrazine, 339
Isopelargonic acid—see 6-Methyloctanoic acid
Isopentylpyrophosphate, 579, 582 Isopropanol, 196
4 - (2' - Isopropylphenoxy) - 3 , 5 - diiodo- phenylalanine, 559
Isoriboflavin, 473 Isoserine, 49
Isoxanthopterincarboxylic acid, 356
Κ Kappa (killer) factor, 224 Keratogenic metaplasia, 293 α-Ketoadipic acid, 55, 168 α-Ketobutyric acid, 14, 46
2 - Keto - 3 - deoxy - 6 - phosphogluconic acid, 133
2-a-Ketogluconic acid, 89, 132 a-Ketoglutaric, 154
α-Ketoiscaproic acid, 38 a-Ketoisovaleric acid, 14, 38 Ketonuria, 361-363
Maple Sugar disease and, 363 A
4
-3-Ketosteroid, 111 Ketotic acidosis, 392 Kinetin, 217, 221 Kynureninase, 335, 345 Kynurenine, 48, 319
L Lactenin, 102 Lactic acid, 21, 116 Lactose, 91, 294
a - Lactoylamino -.β hydroxy - € - amino- pimelic acid, 17
Lancing polio virus, 22, 55, 56 Lanosterol, 579, 582
Lanthionine, 24 Laurie acid, 157
Lauryl hydroquinone, 412 Lecithin, acetylcholine and, 205
analogues of choline and, 459
phospholipases and, 97, 156, 173, 176- 197
synthesis of, 200-208 Lecithinase, 97, 156, 185-187 Leprosy, 158, 490
Leucine
activation of, 45, 253
amino acid antagonisms and, 2, 11-14, 16, 28, 30, 34, 37, 38, 47, 52, 54 biological active peptides of, 87, 88,106,
108
Leucineamide, 52, 53 Leucine aminopeptidase, 53
Leucovorin—see Tetrahydrofolic acid, 5 formyl
Leucylglycine, 52 Leucylglycylglycine, 52 Leucylphenylalanylglycine, 37 Leucyl-2-thiophenealanine, 37 Leucyltyrosine, 38
Leukemia
amethopterin and, 463, 509, 511, 512 amino acid analogues and, 57 aminopterin and, 461, 517 carbohydrate metabolism and, 133 dihydrofolic acid reductase in, 518 folic acid analogues and, 113, 508, 517-
520, 524
ΛΓ-formimino glutamic acid in, 523 purine analogues and, 223, 225, 231 pyrimidine analogues and, 250, 251, 256 Leukin, 101
Leukopenia, 463, 501, 517, 521, 522 Lewis sarcoma, 56
Linoleic acid, 156, 159, 160, 167, 189, 422 Linolenic acid, 159, 422
Linseed oil, 159 Lipase, 104
Lipids (in viruses), 297-298 Lipo-proteins, 194, 392 Lipoxidase, 412 Liver damage, 432 Lucerne Mosaic virus, 221 Lumiflavin, 474
Lycomarasmin, 94-95 Lymphomas, 85, 86, 250
D-Lysergic acid diethylamide, 338 0-Lysin, 102
Lysine, amino acid antagonisms and, 6,15, 23-25, 29, 30, 33, 47, 52-55, 259 amino acid oxidase and, 52
arginase and, 53 aspartokinase and, 47 in basic proteins, 101, 102 cell division, and, 56
decarboxylations and, 50, 317, 323, 324, 326, 329
in peptide hormones, 108 Lysolecithin, 156, 186, 190
L y sophosphatidylethanolamine, 190 Lysozyme, 44, 97, 112, 267, 303, 304
M Magnamycin, 169 Malaria
chloroguanide and, 524 daraprim and, 461, 464, 465 2,4-diaminopyrimidine and, 525 pantothenic acid derivatives and, 469,
470 Malic acid, 154 Malic enzyme, 38, 40 Malonic acid, ix, 51
Malonyl-coenzyme A , 164, 165 Maltase, 40
Maltose, 47, U7 Mammary tumors
amino acid analogues and, 57
dimethylbenzimidazole derivatives and, 461
folic acid analogues and, 517 pyrimidine analogues and, 251
Mannose and derivatives of, 136,139,141, 147
Mast cell neoplasm, 256 Maturation (of cells), 521-522 Melanin, 294
Melanoma, 27 Melphalan, 114
Menadione—see Vitamin Κ Mengo virus, 82
Meningitis, 485, 488 Menthol detoxication, 415 MER-25, 570, 571 MER-29, 579, 581 Mercaptoethanol, 208
6-Mercaptopurine, 56,57,216-219,222-230 nucleic acid, nucleotide synthesis and,
228-232
protein synthesis and, 226 reproduction and, 56, 57 Mercaptosuccinic acid, 33, 34
Mercurials, 208 Merphalan, 114
Messenger R N A , 82, 84, 258, 299, 506 Metamorphosis, 536, 539, 544, 545 Metaphosphate, 329
Metaphrine, 351 Metapirone, 578, 579 Methimazole, 538 Methionine
activating enzyme of, 296
amino acid antagonisms and, 2, 15-17, 29, 30, 33, 37, 41, 43
antiviral activity of, 56 biosynthesis of, 47, 495, 496 deamination of, 52
decarboxylations and, 317, 336 folic acid antimetabolites and, 454, 464,
483, 484, 493, 528 lecithin synthesis and, 208 protein synthesis and, 44, 45, 47 thymine synthesis and, 301 uptake of, 28, 34, 36, 320 Methionine hydroxamate, 296 Methionine sulfone, 16, 18 Methionine sulfoxide, 18, 19
antiviral activity of, 55 decarboxylations and, 51, 363 dehydrogenases and, 52 Methionine sulfoximine, 17, 18
antiviral activity of, 55 protein synthesis and, 41 Methotrexate—see Amethopterin Methoxinine, 15, 55
5-Methoxyindole, 35
4-Methoxymethylpyridoxine, 343 2-Methoxyoestrone, 352
6-Methoxy-4-quinoline-alanine, 5 a-Methylalanine, 58
Methylallylglycine, 7, 11, 12, 55 Methylamine, 317
/3-Methylamino ethyl alcohol, 200 2 - Methyl - 4 - amino - 5 - aminomethyl-
pyrimidine, 336
2 - Methyl - 4 - amino - 5 - formylamino- methylpyrimidine, 336
iV-Methylaminophenylalanine, 58 2 - Methyl - 1 - amino - 1 - propanesul-
fonic acid, 13 6-Methylaminopurine, 273 Methylanthranilic acid, 11, 34
a-Methylasparagine, 21
Methylaspartic acid (a and /3), 21, 22, 48, 241, 273
Methylations, 15, 206-209, 352, 462, 496 6-Methyl-2-azatryptophan, 40
Methylbis (β-chlorethyl) amine, 168 3-Methylbutylamine, 317
Methylcholanthrene, 413 α-Methylcysteic acid, 364 S-Methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide, 21 5-Methylcytosine, 240-243
5-Methyldeoxycytidine, 244, 260, 261 3' - Methyl - 4' - deoxy - 3 , 5 - diiodothy-
ronine, 564
2',3' - Methyl - 4' - deoxy - 3,5 - diiodo- thyronine, 564
7-Methyldiaminopimelic acid, 24 JV - (1 - Methyl - 2,3 - di - ρ -chlorophenyl-
propyl) meleamic acid—see Benzmale
cene
2-a-Methyldihydrotestosterone, 567 a. - Methyl - 3,4 - dihydroxycinnamic
acid, 365
Methyldihydroxyphenylalanine
decarboxylations and, 49, 50, 357-360, 364-366
uptake and, 320, 322
Methyl - β - (3,5 - diiodo - 4 - hydrox- yphenyl) propionic acid, 546, 557 Methyl-3,5-diiodothyronine, 564 3,3'-Methylene bis (4-hydroxycou-
marin—see Dicoumarol α-Methyleneglutamic acid, 317, 339 Methylfolic acid, 355, 501, 507, 521-524 Methyltetrahydrofolic acid, and deriva
tives of—see Tetrahydrofolic acid iV-Methyl-D-glucosamine, 137
α-Methylglutamic acid, 19, 49, 51, 363, 364
a-Methylglutamine, 49, 53 5-Methylglutathione, 116 Methylglyoxal, 116 Methylhistidine, 357
2 - Methyl - 4 - hydroxy - methylpyrimi- dine, 336
a - Methy - 3 - hydroxyphenylalanine—
see a-Methyltyrosine
a - Methyl - 3 - hydroxyphenylamine, 318, 357, 364
a-Methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, 318
a-Methyl-5-hy droxy tryptophan, 318 2-Methylindole, 11
4-Methylindole, 10, 11 5-Methylindole, 10, 11, 35 6-Methylindole, 10, 34 7-Methylindole, 10, 47
<2-Methylkynurenine, 48 Methyllinoleic acid, 412 e-6-Methyllysine, 23 Methyllysozyme, 112 a-Methylmethionine, 16, 52
2 - Methyl - napthalene - 1,4 - diol di
phosphate—aee Synkavit
2 - Methyl - 1,4 - naphthoquinone—see Vitamin Κ
17 - a - Methyl - 19 - nor - 170 - hydrox- yandrostan-3-one, 570, 571
17 - a - Methyl - 19 - nortestosterone, 570- 572, 574
6-Methyloctanoic acid, 88 5-Methylorotic acid, 241 ω-Methylpantotheine, 470 ω-Methylpantothenic acid, 468 a-Methylphenylalanine, 6, 51, 321 iS-Methyl-3-phenylcysteine, 16 6-Methylpurine, 218, 222
ω-Methylpyridoxal phosphate, 332 ω-Methylpyridoxamine phosphate, 332 ω-Methylpyridoxine, 471
Methylserine, 22
Methylsulfonium methionine, 17, 33 17a-Methyltestosterone, 570-573 p-Methylthiophenylalanine, 8 3-Methylthiopropylamine, 317 Methylthiouracil, 426 o-Methylthreonine, 12
2-Methyltryptophan, 9, 48, 318
4-Methyltryptophan, 9, 37, 40, 43, 47, 48 5-Methyltryptophan
amino acid antagonisms and, 2, 9, 10, 35, 40, 42-44, 46-48
antiviral activity of, 55
protein synthesis and, 44, 296, 299, 323 6-Methyltryptophan
amino acid antagonisms and, 9, 45, 48 antitumor effects of, 57
antiviral activity of, 55, 56 7-Methyltryptophan, 9, 48
a - Methyltyramine—see a. - Methyl - 3 - hydroxyphenylamine
a-Methyltyrosine
decarboxylations and, 50, 51, 318, 364 uptake of, 36, 321
Methylvaline, 14, 78 Methymycin, 169
Mevalonic acid, 166, 167, 446, 581, 582 Mitochondrial swelling, 156
Mitosis, 51, 222, 256
Monase—see Ethyltryptamine
Monoamine oxidase, 340, 341, 350, 351, 364
Monochlororiboflavin, 473
3-Monoiodophenoxyacetic acid, 558 Monomethylethanolamine, 206 Monophosphoinositide, 176, 205 Mumps virus, 55, 105
Muscular dystrophy, 421, 423, 424, 428 Mutations
purine analogues and, 224 pyrimidines and, 264-266, 268, 270 Myocardial infarction, 160
M y ris tic acid, 156 Myxedema
linoleic acid and, 160
thyroxin, analogues of, and, 535, 553, 554
Ν /3-Naphthylacetic acid, 165 iS-Naphthyleneacetic acid, 399 1-Naphthaleneacrylic acid, 10 1-Naphthalenealanine, 5, 39, 55
co-(2-Naphthyloxy) alkylcarboxylic acid, 165
Narbomycin, 169 Narcosis, viii, 344 Necrosis, 423
Neopyrithiamine—see Pyrithiamine Nephritis, 413
Nephrosis, 160
Nepresol—see Dihydrazinophalazine Neuraminidase, 304, 306
Neurological abnormalities, 425, 467 Newcastle virus, 105
Niacin—see Nicotinamide Nicarbazin, 435
Nicotinamide, 48, 467
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( N A D , D P N ) , 54, 203, 227, 467, 493, 514, 515
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tri- phosphosphate, 143, 149, 493, 496, 514
Nicotinic acid, 27, 48, 334
analogues and antimetabolites of, 466- 468
cholesterol synthesis and, 581 cycloserine and, 343
insulinase and, 399 rickets and, 419 Nicotinuric acid, 399 Nitrobenzene, 338
p-Nitrobenzoic acid, 487, 490, 510 p-Nitro-benzoylglutamic acid, 19 Nitrogen mustards, 57, 113-115, 168 p-Nitrophenylalanine, 8
4'-Nitrophenyl 3', 5'-diiodotyrosine (ethyl ether), 538
p-Nitrophenyl-j8-xyloside, 148 3-Nitrotyrosine, 8
5-Nitrouracil, 272
Non-competive inhibition, 31-32, 450 Nonionic detergents, 320
Noradrenaline, 50, 341, 351, 357 19-Norandrostane-3/3,17/3-diol, 571, 573 Norbiotin, 168
Norepinephrine—see Noradrenalin Norethisterone
estrogen action and, 569-570 testosterone action and, 576
19 - N o r -17 β - hydroxyandrostan - 3 - one, 571, 573
Norleucine
amino acid antagonisms and, 2, 12-16, 34, 41-44
anti viral activity of, 55 transamination and, 49 A-Norprogesterone, 576-577
Norsynephrine — see 4 - Hydroxyphenyl- ethanolamine
19-Nortestosterone, 571-574 Norvaline, 14, 16
transamination and, 49 decarboxylation and, 50, 317 Novikoff hepatoma, 58
Nucleic acids—see Deoxyribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid
Nucleins, 101
Nucleoproteins, 287-308 Nucleosidase, 224
Nucleoside phosphorylase, 229, 230 Nucleotide pools, 307
Nucleotide synthesis—see Purine, Pyri
dine and Pyrimidine synthesis Ο
Obstructive jaundice, 413 Octanol, 156
Octanoic acid, 155, 159, 162, 164, 169 Octopamine—see Hydroxyphenylethanol-
amine
Oleandomycin, 169 Oleic acid, 155, 189, 422
phosphorylations and, 156, 159 Opthalmic acid, 116
Organic solvents, 338
Ornithine, 2, 23, 35, 36, 53, 55, 90,106, 317 decarboxylase of, 323
transcarbamylase of, 40, 47 Orotic acid
amino acids and, 34, 79 barbiturates and, 508 excretion of, 250 pyrimidines
analogues and, 247-249, 256, 257, 261 synthesis of, 241, 243, 274
Orotidine, and nucleotides of, 241-242, 247-250, 276, 508
Orotidylic acid decarboxylase, 250, 276 Ouabain, 206
Ovalbumin, 44 Ovariectomy, 352, 353 Oxaloacetic acid, 33, 89, 163 4-Oxalysine, 23, 40
Oxamycin—see Cyloserine
Oxidative phosphorylation—see Phosphor
ylation Oximes, 339-344
δ-Oximinolevulinic acid, 168 Oxybiotin, 42, 458
l-[5-Oxyindolyl-(3)]-butenone-(3), 359 Oxytetracycline, 323
Oxythiamine, 451, 474, 475 Oxytocin, 94, 107-109, 111, 395
Ρ
PABA—see p-Aminobenzoic acid PABG—see p-Aminobenzoylglutamic acid Palmitaldehyde, 203
Palmitic acid, 155, 162-164, 194
l-Palmitoyl-4-anisidine-2-sulfonate, 176 Palmitoylhydroxamic acid, 199 D-Palmityl-2-oleyldiglyceride, 204 Paludrine—see Chloroguanide Pantoic acid, 115, 468, 470 Pantetheine, 470
Pantothenic acid
amino acid analogues and, 2, 28-30, 33 antibiotics and, 79-83, 115
antimetabolites and, 445, 450-451, 466- 470
insulinase and, 398 rickets and, 419 thyrotoxicosis and, 349 Pantoylaminoethanethiol, 470
D-[2-(Pantoylamino) ethylsulfono]-4-nitro- anilide, 115
Pantoyltaurine, 450, 469-470 Paolins, 103
Papain, 99 Paraffin, 423 Paraxanthine, 536 Pelargonic acid, 87 Pellagra, 27, 467 Penicillamine, 14, 345 Penicillin, 14, 92, 93, 260
Penicillinase, 92, 93, 97, 117, 294, 295, 509 Pentanol, 338
Pentose—see under individual name Pepsin, 98, 99, 104
Peptidase, 2
Peptides—see Polypeptides, see also under individual name
Peptone, 79
Pertussis vaccine, 325 Petroleum ether, 195, 338 PGA—see Folic acid Phagocytin, 102 Phagocytosis, 106
Phenalzine—see Phenylethylhydrazine Phénobarbital, 507, 508
ω-Phenoxyalkylcarboxylic acid, 165 4-Phenoxy 3,5-Diiodobenzoic acid, 549,
559
Phenylacetic acid, 51, 166, 357, 362, 363 Phenylalanine
actinomycin toxicity and, 79-80 amino acid antagonisms and, 4-12, 24,
27-47, 52, 54-57
decarboxylations and, 50, 318, 357, 361-365
hydroxylation and, 362 in peptide antibiotics, 87-90 in peptide hormones, 108 Phenylalaninehydrazide, 6 Phenylbutyric acid, 165, 166 Phenylethanolamine, 318 Phenylethylamine, 318
Phenylethylhydrazine (Phenalzine), 341 Phenylglycine, 49
l-Phenyl-2-hydrazinopropane, 340 Phenylindanedione, 435, 437 Phenylisopropylhydrazine, 341 Phenylketonuria, 27, 361, 363 Phenyllactic acid, 38-41, 51, 361, 362 JV-Phenylleucine, 12
Phenylpantothenone, 450, 451, 466, 469, 470
]V-Phenylphenylalanine, 6 Phenylpropionic acid, 161
Phenylpyruvic acid, 27, 38, 39, 51, 57, 357, 361-363
Phenylpyruvic oligophrenia—see Phenyl
ketonuria Phenylserine
amino acid antagonisms and, 4-6, 38-40, 45, 49, 54, 55
decarboxylations and, 318, 323 Phenyl-j8-xyloside, 148
Pheochromocytoma, 365, 396
Phosphatases, 44, 91, 147-149, 176, 199- 208, 259, 453, 582
Phosphatidic acid, 188, 197, 202-208 phosphatase of, 176, 199-208
Phosphatidylethanolamine, 173, 185-190, 194-197, 205-208
Phosphatidylinositol, 177, 178, 196-197, 202, 204
Phosphatidylserine, 188, 195, 207 Phosphoenolpyruvate, 47 Phosphofructokinase, 143-145
Phosphohexoisomerase, 136, 142-146, 306 Phosphoglucomutase, 136, 143, 146, 149 6-Phosphogluconic acid, 132, 145, 303, 304
dehydrogenase of, 142, 145 Phosphoglyceric acid, 147
Phosphokinase, lipid synthesis and, 200- 201
Phospholipases, 174-194, 208-209 phospholipase A , 174-178, 184-190
B, 174, 179, 190 C, 174, 187, 191-194 D , 174,176, 194-197, 208 Phospholipids, 88-89, 160, 173-211, 411,
423, 459, 465 degradation of, 174-197 ion transport and, 204-206 synthesis of, 197-211
lecithin and cephalin, 197-201, 206- 208
phosphatidylinositol, 202 sphingosine, 203 Phosphonoglutamic acid, 19 Phosphoriboisomerase, 149
iV-l-(5'-Phosphoribosyl) adenosine tri
phosphate, 46 Phosphoribosylamine, 54
5-Phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate, 9, 46, 54, 229-230, 241-242, 247-249
Phosphorylations (oxidative), 155-157, 408, 432
Phosphorylcholine, 194, 200-204 ceramide transferase of, 203-204 Phosphorylethanolamine-glyceride trans
ferase, 200 Phosphorylase a, 104
Phosphorylase, 242, 246, 249-256, 262 263, 268-273
Phosphorus poisoning, 413 Phosphoserine, 357 Phosphoshikimic acid, 46 Photosynthesis, 148 Phthalylsulfathiazole, 489 Phthiocol, 434, 436 Phytic acid, 418
Phytohormones, 165-166, 399 Phytol, 411
Pi colic acid, 334 Picromycin, 169 Pilocarpine, 205 Pimelic acid, 446 Pinocytosis, 393
Pituitary hormones, 347, 391 Plakin, 102
Plant hormones—see Phytohormones Plasmalogen, 197
diglyceride transferase of, 201 Plasmocid, 428
Pneumonia, 413, 485
Pneumococcal meningitis, 488 Poliomyelitis virus, 55, 304-307 Polyalanine, 79, 104
Poly-p-aminophenylalanine, 104 Poly arginine, 105
Polyaspartic acid, 104-106 Poly cysteic acid, 105 Polycythemia vera, 520 Polyglutamic acid, 104-106 Polyglycerol phospholipid, 177 Polylysine, 98, 104-107 Polymyxin, 77, 88-89
Polynucleotide phosphorylase, 246, 250, 252
Polynucleotides—see Deoxyribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid
Polyoma virus, 290 Polyornithine, 104-105 Polypeptide antibiotics, 76-95
actinomycin, 77-86 actithiazic acid, 94 alazopeptin, 94 bacitracin, 86 cephalosporin, 93 circulin, 87
gramicidin, 77, 87-88, 154 lycomarasmin, 94-95 penicillin, 92, 93 polymyxin, 77, 88-89 subtilin, 89
tyrocidines, 89-90
Polypeptide hormones, 108-111, 347-348, 394-395, 398-399, 578
Polypeptides, synthetic, 37-39, 58, 79, 98, 104-107, 116
bacteria] growth and, 2,15-16, 37-39, 45, 52-55, 58, 95, 104-107
blood clotting and, 105 hormonal action and, 108-111 penicillinase and, 93
virus production and, 105 Polyphenols, 361
Polysaccharides, 289, 297, 298 Porphobilinogen, 168 Pox virus, 304 Precipitin, 225
Precoccious puberty, 567 Prednisolone, 348
Prefolic A—see Tetrahydrofolic acid
Pregnancy, 522
Pregnanediol glucuronide, 353 Pregnenolone, 578
Primidone, 507, 508
Progesterone, 352, 522, 568, 569, 574, 578 Proguanil—see Chloroguanide
Prolactin, 396
Proline, 26, 29, 30, 46, 78, 110, 259 Promizole, 487, 490
Prontosil, 482, 485-486 Prooxidants, 412 Propanol, 196 (1-Propenyl) alanine, 7 Properdin, 100, 101 Propionic acid, 155, 161, 164 Propylamine, 317
iV-Propylstilbesterol, 569 Propylthiouracil, 554-555 Protamine, 101-104 Protease, 99
Protein hormones, and analogues of, 107- 111
Protein synthesis
amino acid analogues and, 5, 8, 12-19, 27, 30, 35, 38-47, 54, 57, 296, 299, 323-326
antibiotics and, 54, 80-84, 296, 299, 302, 323-326
folic acid analogues and, 509 nucleic acids and, 54, 290-297
purine analogues and, 225-226, 324, 326 pyrimidine analogues and, 251, 253,
258-260, 267, 273 virus infection and, 298-303 Prothrombin, 431, 432, 436, 437 Provitamin D , 416
Pseudorabies virus, 307 Pseudouridine, 240
Psittacosis virus, 22, 55, 304 Psychoses, 467
Pteridine, 483, 484, 524 Pteroic acid, 491, 507
Pteroylaspartic acid, 462, 507, 517 Pteroylglutamic acid—see Folic acid Pteroylheptaglutamic acid, 500
1 - Pthalidyl - 2 - methyl - 6,7 - methy 1- enedioxy - 8 - methoxy - 1,2,3,4 - tetrahydroisoquinoline, 355
Purines
analogues, activity of, 215-232, 324
folic acid antagonists and, 462, 483, 513 pyridoxal phosphate and, 318
synthesis of, 14, 20, 28-33, 46, 53, 227- 230, 513
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase, 242 Purine nucleotide pyrophosphorylase,
229-232 Puromycin, 54 Putrescine, 317
Pyrazolopyrimidine, 218 Pyrazolylalanine, 4 Pyridine, 338
Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 51 Pyridine nucleotide synthesis, 467-468 Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid, 466-468 Pyridoxal dihydrozone, 319, 343 Pyridoxal oxime, 343
Pyridoxal phosphate cyanhydrin, 335 Pyridoxal phosphate hydrazone, 334-335,
341
Pyridoxal phosphate oxime, 319
Pyridoxal phosphokinase, 318-319, 324, 336-337, 341-343, 349, 354
Pyridoxal-5-sulphate, 332 Pyridoxamine, 319, 336, 341, 472 Pyridoxine and cofactor derivatives
actinomycin and, 79, 83
enzyme reactions and, 28, 50, 317-326, 332-334, 343-345, 366
hormones and, 332, 349-353
inhibitors of, 331-337, 340-346, 451, 470-472
vitamin Ε and, 426
Pyrimethamine, 488, 502, 520, 526 Pyrimidines
catabolism of, 263, 271 enzyme synthesis and, 324 folic acid antagonists and, 508 synthesis,
amino acids, analogues and, 21, 29, 33, 46-48, 54, 273, 274
pyrimidine analogues and, 239-276 Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase, 242,
249-256, 262, 263, 268-273
Pyrimidine nucleotide pyrophosphorylase, 242-248, 256
Pyrithiamine, 447-450, 453, 474-475 Pyrogallol, 361
Pyrophosphatase, 300 Pyrophosphate, 329
Pyrophosphorylases, 229-232, 242-248, 256 Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, 363
A'-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, 46 Pyrrolylalanine, 4
Pyruvic acid, 36, 46, 89, 133, 154, 447, 453
Q Quinolineacrylic acid, 10 Quinones, 360-361 Quinoxaline folic acid, 464
R Rehydrovitamin A , 409 Relaxin, 110, 111 Renal hypertension, 330 Reproduction, 56, 57, 522 Reserpine, 341, 354 Respiration
amino acid analogues and, 42 fatty acids, analogues and, 154-157 glucose analogues and, 138 purine analogues and, 225 thyroxin, analogues and, 540, 556 vitamin Ε and, 425, 428
vitamin Κ and, 436
Retinene (see also Vitamin A ) , 409 Rheumatic fever, 413
Riboflavin, 398, 419, 445, 472-474 Ribonic acid, 148, 149
Ribonic acid-5-phosphate, 148, 149 Ribonuclease, 104, 252, 295-298, 307-308 Ribonucleic acid
inhibitions by, 296-297
messenger R N A , 82, 84, 258, 299, 506 protein synthesis and, 34, 35, 44-45,
290-296 synthesis of,
antibiotics and, 40, 80-84, 89 purine analogues and, 226-230 pyrimidines, analogues and, 240, 241,
245-273
virus reproduction and, 298-299, 302- 308
Ribose, 36, 148, 303
phosphates of, 133, 145, 148-149, 229, 242
Rickets, 417-419 Ringworm, 159
R o - 2 - 7239—see 2 - Acetyl - 7 - oxo - dodecahydrophenanthrene
Rodenticides, 435 Rous sarcoma virus, 293 Rust, 133
S Saccharo-1,4-lactone, 146 Salicylic acid, 395, 433, 436, 470 Salicylyl-0-alanine, 468
Salmine, 104
Sarcolysin—see Merphalan Sarcomas,
Flexner Jobling, 140, 230 Jensen, 57
fowl, 58 Rous virus, 293 S 37, 56, 134 S 180, 85, 225, 251 T 57 Sarcosine, 78, 523 Scurvy, 455-456 Sedation, 50, 344 Seizures, 342-344, 363 Selenocystine, 16, 57 Selenomethionine, 16, 43 Semicarbazide, 324, 326, 339-343 Semliki forest virus, 56
Serine
amino acid antagonisms and, 2, 9, 10, · 22, 28-30, 35-38, 47, 55
folic acid and, 463, 484, 493 phospholipids and, 195, 200-203, 207 polymyxins and, 88
pyrimidine synthesis and, 300-301 Serine deaminase, 43, 317, 334, 339 Serine dehydrase, 53, 258, 349 Serine hydroxymethylase, 498, 516 Serotonin—see 5-Hydroxytryptamine Serylglycylaspartic acid, 95
Serylglycylglutamic acid, 95 Shikimic acid, 47
Shope papilloma virus, 304 SKF 3301, 582
525A, 582 7732, 582 7997, 582
Somatotropin, 391, 398, 399 Sorbose, and derivatives, 145-148 Sphingomyelin (see also Phospholipids),
202-203 Sprue, 413, 418, 432
