THE ROLE OF LIFE CYCLE APPROACH IN
DEVELOPING THE GREEN ECONOMY IN HUNGARY
ZSOLT GEMESI
17th SETAC EUROPE LCA CASE STUDIES SYMPOSIUM
OUTLINE
• Drivers for Green Economy Development
• Energy essentials for Hungary
• Direction of Government strategy –
• NREAP
• Bioeconomy
• Standardisation, future trends
• Porter Institute
• Climate KIC
CHALLENGES AND DRIVERS
• TPES in 2009: 1 040 PJ
• Domestic production: ~ 440 PJ
• RES in TPES 77 PJ (7.35 %)
• Natural Gas facts:
• 37% of energy mix (45% in 2003)
• Import dependency >80 % (same applies to oil)
• Source of supply – Russia via Ukraine
• Import dependency: 80%
RENEWABLE ENERGY SHARE IN POWER, H/C AND TRANSPORT SECTOR
2010: 55.25 PJ
Biomass, 40.74
Transportation 6.28, 11%
Biogas, 0.32
Hydo, 0.7
Geothermal, 4.23 Heat pumps, 0.25 Solar, 0.25
Wind, 2.49
2020: 120.57 PJ
Solar, 3.73, 3%
Wind, 5.56, 5%
Heat pumps, 5.99, 5%
Geothermal, 16.43, 14%
Hydo, 0.86, 1%
Transportation, 22.4, 18%
Biogas, 4.63, 4%
Biomass, 60.97, 50%
• NREAP Highlights
– 14.65% RES in final energy consumption – More balanced mix
– Discontinued use of log wood for co-firing in low efficiency power plants
– Roll-out of decentralised, small-medium scale biomass power plants, CHP preferred
– Shift to 2 nd generation biofuels
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• Biofuels clearly important
• Debate surrounding food vs fuel issue
• Intercomparability of biofuels produced
– Across all producers – Within EU
– Within region
• LCA methodology and database can provide
answers for political questions
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Several Life-Cycle Analysis (LCA) Models Are Available to Examine Vehicle/Fuel Systems
• The lifecycle emission model (LEM) at University of California at Davis
• The GREET model at Argonne National Laboratory
• Canadian GHGenius model (a derivative of the LEM)
• LBST’s E3 database in Europe
• The Ecobalance model by PriceWaterhouseCooper in Europe
• Other generic LCA models that can be applied to
examine transportation fuels and vehicle technologies
BIOMASS PRODUCTIVITY POTENTIAL 2nd generation biofuels
Source: Fischer et al 2010. Biofuel production potentials in Europe: Sustainable use of cultivated land and pastures. Part I: Land productivity potentials
Porter Institute
– Brings together more than 100 scientists, engineers, policy makers and mathematicians at Imperial College London, the John Innes Centre, Rothamsted Research, the Institute for
Grassland and Environmental Research (IGER), Southampton University, Cambridge University and the University of York – Their skills encompass all the science and engineering that is
required to develop new processes that take biomass feedstock and process and refine it into liquid fuel, chemicals, materials and energy in a sustainable manner
– http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/porterinstitute
CLIMATE-KIC - THEMES
Assessing climate change and managing its drivers
• facilitates entrepreneurship in a new business entity forming across multiple sectors of the economy which offers novel systems and services to measure and manage CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions, to predict the future state of the climate system, to detect its response to mitigation and to develop adaptation actions
Transitioning to resilient, low-carbon cities
• Activities under this theme focus on transforming urban mobility and traffic management systems, improving waste management and recycling systems, ensuring smart and cost effective building technologies – areas which offer enormous business opportunities
Advancing adaptive water management
• Reliable water provision to existing urban and rural environments will become increasingly difficult in a warming world, posing challenges on science, technology, policy and the
economy. Climate-KIC will explore commercial opportunities by developing sustainable solutions in adaptive water management
Developing zero-carbon production systems
• deliver the significant climate change mitigation and job growth potential of low carbon production systems, focusing on bio-renewables, i.e. chemicals, materials, liquid fuel and energy that use biomass as their feedstock and on integrated energy production and consumption
