Pelsonyarad formation - STRATIGRAPHY OF THF BGERIAN AND EGGENBÜRGIAN FORMATIONS BETWEEN B

1 Unterpont /Odessien/

STRATIGRAPHY OF THF BGERIAN AND EGGENBÜRGIAN FORMATIONS BETWEEN BRETKA АШ) EGFR /NE- HUNGARY/,

2. Pelsonyarad formation

I t is b u ilt up m ostly o f a l e u r i t , c la y and sandstone w ith in t e r c a la t in g g r a v e l, t u f f I t and coal-m easures. I t has a dominantly lit t o r a lb r a c k is h Molluscan fauna, which resemb

le s s u p e r f ic ia lly the Upper Egerian M ytilus-Potam ides a s semblage. Common sp ecies in both form ations a re : M ytilu s a qu ita n icu s, Theodoxus p io tu s , Tympanotonus m arga rita ceu s, P ir e n e lla p lic a t a . The O ligocène forms o f the Upper E g e r i

an, however, are la c k in g in the Fels6nyarad form ation / T u r r it e lla b e y r ic h i, Theodoxus bukkensis, Ampullina c ra s - sa tin a / , w h ilst the Miocene sp ec ies o f the Pelsonyarad*

form ation are not to be found in the Egerian /Saxolu e ina m u ltila m e lla ta , T u r r it e lla t u r r is , v e r m ic u la r is , Terebra- l i a b id en ta ta , P e r e ir e a g e r v a is i/ . This fau nal com position r e f e r s to a younger, most l i k e l y Lower Miocene,

Eggenbur--22

-gian age of the Felsonyärad formation, v/hat is even more evident, if considering the section of the Diosgyor-318 boring, where the Felsonyarad formation is underlain by the Egerian Mytilus-Potamides zone.

At Felsonyarad this, maximally 300 m thick formation over- lies directly upon Devonian rocks and clearly reflects the Lower Eggenburgian transgression, which on this area was slov:er than around Bretka and Alsoszuha.

Fig. 1. The area studied in the present paper. Explana

tions: 1. Pretertiary rocks. 2. Cenozoic rocks. 3. Towns and villages.

Fig. 2. The most important sections /mainly borings/ stu

died. Explanations: 1. Eggenburgian, 2. sgerian, 3» Kis- eellian, 4. Triassic, 3- Bretka facies, 6. Dominantly clay, aleurit and fine sand, 7. Sandy aleurit, sometimes glau

conitic, 8. Sandstone intercalations, 9. Gravel, 10. Gravel intercalation, 11. Glauconitic sandstone intercalation, 12. Tuff, 13. Benthonite, 14. Ankerite intercalât ion, 13. Terrestrial clay, 16. Goal measures or lentils, 17.

Unconformity, IB. Boring stopped within the formation.

Fig. 3- Diagram shoeing the distribution of the 6 groups of molluscs among the faunal zones of the Alsoszuha and Sajôvelesd borings, comparing them with the Eger section.

The explanation of the groups can be found in the text.

The second columns demonstrate the geographic distributi

on, where B=Bcreal, A=Atlanti c , M=''editerranian and E=endemic.

■ 23

-Table 1. Macrofauna of the Egerian /Upper Oligocène/ mol- luscan clay zone in the borings Mucsony-136 and Diosgyor-318, Table 2. Stratigraphic and geographic range of the species of the Egerian molluscan clay zone found in the Mucsony-136 and Diosgyor-318 borings.

Table 3* Macrofauna of the Egerian /Upper Oligocène/ My- tilus-Potamides zone in the Mucsony-136, Diosgyor-318 and Kazincbarcfka /Skz/-169 borings.

Table 4. Stratigraphic and geographic range of the species of the Egerian Mytilus-Potamides beds, found in the

Mucsony-136, Diosgyor-318 and Kazincbaroika /Skz/-169 borings.

Table 5» Macrofauna of the Eggenburgian /Lower Miocene/

Amussium Shleer in the boring Alsoszuha-l.

Table 6. Stratigraphic and geographic range of the speci

es of the Eggenburgian Amussium Shleer found in the A l  soszuha-l boring.

Table 7. Macrofauna of the Eggenburgian /Lower Miocene/

glauconitic sandstone in the borings Sajovelezd-42 and Pétervasara.

Table 8. Sratigraphic and geographic distribution of the species of the Eggenburgian glauconitic sandstone, found in the Sajovelezd-42 and Pétervâsâra borings.

-- 2 5

-EG ER

W IND'S B R IC K Y A R D

- 2?

Table 1.

Gueula sp* ladet• ...

Yoldia ra u lin i CCSSXAHT et PSYSQT, 1912 ...

Linopsis anaaala /SICïTiAbD, l8 jo/ /*&щ retirera SEMP.y Thyasira vara angusta BaLûI* 1968 ... ... « îîaco-ла e llip t ie a /33QGCRZ, 1314/ ... ...

Annulus posteras /33YRICH, 186?/ ... ..

Corbula gibba Q b m t 1?92... ...

T u rrîte lla ex a ff* veaus aargaretbae 3AÄI», 1933 ...

R ostellaria bicarinata E-tlDI, 1966 ...«

iïlnia schlotheiai /3SY3ICE, 1854/ %... « Vexillun c f. sollingense /SP2YS3, 1364/ ...

V olu tilithes pernulticostata TELSCDI-ROTH, 1914 •••••«

Turris egerensis /T3L£1DI-ROTH, 1914/ ... ... ».

Syrnola D« sp* ... .

Odoatostoaa n. sp. ... ...

Ringicula auriculata pauluceiae IÎORLST, 1873 ... . Cyllchna cylindracea rau lin i /C03SMAKI? et PEYROT,1932y Roxania burdigalensis /0R3I3IÏY, 1352/ ...

Roxania utricula /ЗЯ0ССЯ1, 1314/ • • • • • » • • • • • • • • • • • • » • « Vaginella c f. lanceolata /BCLL, 1846/ ... • Dentaliun fissura LATIARCK, 1818 ...

Fustiaria taurogracilis /SACCO, 1397/ ...

Cadulus gracilin a /SACCO, 139?/ • • • ... . • • • ... « Thauaastocheles rupeliensis SbTJRLSÎb, 1939/ • • • . i . . . .

I . tabldzat. A felsooMgocén /egerien/" aolluszkas agyag szint caicrofaundja a Borsodi-oedencében az Mucsony-136 és Di6sgy6r-313 sz. furâso’

clapjda* ❖ = azonos„ x = kSzelroîton força

IIUCSOny~l j>6 /З^-^Oùщ/ D16s/;.v6r-310/820-926 m/ ®yert molius^Kaeagy,/ogoricn/ Bser,fole6szintek/egerion/ Bgerien/Tôrôkbéllnt.Kovdcov,^^ * a u 3 s_? 1as 1 LT/А c z u ha-1, J3 kz-169 JÜftîàKonUofi Jjd5.-/âvaïazd«42._^tb^Z- _kjscgiljagyag____ jol 1£ос6д______

_

mlocén____________

-Table 2*

Limopeis anomala EICHW.

Corbula gibba OLIVI

Vexiilum cf• söllingense /SPEYER/

Vaginella cf. lanceolata /BOLL/

Dentalium fissura LAMARCK

Yoldia raulini COSSMAHH et PEYROT Масоша elliptica /BROCCHl/

Angulus posterus /BEYRICH/

Hinia schlotheimi /BEYRICH/

Ringicula auriculata paulucciae MORLET Cylichna cylindracea raulini /COSSMARN et

PEYROT/

Roxania burdigalensis /d*ORBIGNY/

Roxania utricula /BROCCHl/

Pustiaria taurogracilis /SACCO/

Cadulus gracilina /SACCO/

Turritella ex aff.venus margarethae GAJll Thaumastocheles rupeliensis BEURLEN Thyasira vara angusta BÀLLI

Roestellaria bicarinata BÀLDI

Volutilithee permulticostata TELEGDI-ROTH Turris egerc-nsis /TELEGDI-ROTH/

Kattien^OLIGOCüH Aquitanien Burdigalitn Helvëtien MlOCEN Tortonlen______ PLIOÇÉN>SSS>SSS33BSDSSS Boreâlis

т г Л т & п

:SSS = = = SSSSB = SSJ!t Kiscuilien OLIÜOCÉN Egerien EggenlurgJ en Ottnangien. Kârpd t i e n1"*r'^ Baden,n

---

-

^' ^' ^.

---Elter jedes a Pa- JjElt.r jedis a ratethysen kivïïi jjParat thysten

Tabla 3

I acts Iona aaticoplieat a /ïSLS}DÎ~ÊOTS, 191V Anadnra diluvii /LAMAPCI, 18®5/ ...

Mytilus aquitaaious ЙАТ58. 1853...

Ostroa ap0 indot«

Polynosoda coQVom /BSOSGSIAfi, 1822/

Batiosa ope iadot« •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••<

Tbraoia voatrioosa PHÎLÎPPÎ0 1843...«

Tb« of* pnboccoaa /PXJLTOSY9 1799/ . . . ... . Thoodosuo pietuo /PÉBÜSSAC, 1825/ ... . Tb. bfDtkMsls /Î2LEGDÏ-50TH„ 1914/... . Ponatioa op. indot. ... ...

Tut? 1 to 11a boyriebi 18?o ... о iiolaaopois ioprossa bantboni BOTHAKf, l3?o Tynpasoionno oarjaritaâoan /SECCC2I0 1814/ o . . . . Pironoila plioata /3EüGOÏSS30 1792/... о Calyptrooa cp« indot« ... о... ••••••о Polialôon eaioea bolieien /ЗЗСССНХс, 1814/ о . . . . üapolUm erancailen /ЬАЙАЗСЕ, 18$4/ з .о .. . . . Ceiao&rißa sp« i a d o t o ... «..•.••••«... . Bailla bungnrien /SsAE030 1936/ Toren Jcsr®

^3to$3icn op. indotо •••••o• ..••• •• ••• •

TriptyeMn ope iaéoto ... . . . . Son ta li га tnnr©e@eiat^ SACCO, 1S9? ©al « o»o«*..«ee

а с э е & 'ж а л ,

Saelaebarcito/35&-666о/ feieâayÂrâdi, ÖoaoJL. /VelsÖayärdd, DgyÔr«,/ %ог0шПова^вagyag/©gopÄoa/ B@are f«i©6salateh

/ o g o r im /

ßgoriea c S©v<äecwe TBrehbÄUat, oto. ßlüukcBiiöQЬоооккб/8oj6velosd~420 ©io./ ollgooéa □ieeöQ

► '♦

0

Table 4,

Elterjedés a Pa

rate thysen kivill

■sr— --- :— ■— Èlterjedés a paratethysben_

Ampullina eras satina /LAMARCK/

Polymesoda convexa /BRQKGSTART/

Pit&r polytropa ABDERSON

Tympano tonus margaritaceus /BROCCHI/

Pirenella plicata /BRUGUIERE/

Theodoxus pictus /FÉRUSSAC/

Taras rotundata MONTAGU Corbula gibba OLIVI

Thracia ventricosa PHILIPPI Gari protracta /MAYER/

Turritella beyrichi HOFMANN Thracia cf. pubescens /PULTNEY/

Anadara diluvii /LAMARCK/

Corbula carinata /DUJARDIN/

Polinices catena helicina /BROCCHI/

Triptychia sp. indet.

Mytilus aquitanicu8 MAYER Pitar undata /BASTEROT/

Dentalium taurocostatum SACCO

Nuculana anticeplicata /TELEGDI-ROTH/

Theodoxus blikkensis /TELEGDI-ROTH/

Bullia hungarica /GÂBOR/

Melanopsis impressa hantkeni HOFMANN

сё?авпПоыоооЁН ’ Aqui'iânïën... шйОЬой, VOTtOniQTÏ PLIOOÉH BSsasBnsReBBBsssaoi Boredlis èeàfîerrdn SSRBSRBBBBSQaSBOBS К1вС0111©П_ _лалАя; „ , оывосй Egerlon Ëggenburgien Baden i©/

Recula nucleus Ь Ш ё 8 1758 ......

H. afijarl M. НвйЯЭЗ, 18?® ...

V. Botabllls И М Е Н , 1871 /?* R. plaoentlna LAM., 1819/

notabllie vlrgata HÖLZL, 1958 ...

H. ap. indet. • •...

Hueulima fragill« /CFIEHNlTZ, 1784/ /îeB.graolile DESH.^

R» B&asQdeefeayeeiana n.sp... .......

Yoldia altida /3R0CCHI, 1814/ ...

?. longa BELLARDi, 1875 ...

Peeudaauaalua coraeua daaudatua/RKöSS, 1867/ ••••••••*

Propeaausalua Biopllooeaioua /RUCKIISRX# 1949/ /* f*

falaineua POSESTI, 1895 partie la DEP.etROM.1928/ • ••

СЫелуе вя aff. deeuosata /HÜRSTER ln GOLDFUSS, 1843/

Chlaaye op. ladet....... . ....

Oatrea ep. ladet. ......... leoeardla ope ladet, foriaa jxry. ..........

Cardita ßcelarls SOBERBY, 1823 .... Lorlpoa dujerdlni /DESHAYBS, 185о/ ........

Luclaosa borealle /LIHHfc, 1758/ »... ■* ••••

L. boraalle ®я aff0 ottrangenele /R. HOERRES, 1875/ • « Cardloluolca agaeeisl /MICHELOTTÏ, 1847/ ...

Caviluclne drouatl wolfl /R. HOERHES, 1875/ »...

SQHoluclaa ballardlaaa /MATSRe 1864/ ....•* ...

S. boreodaaßie n.ep. ....* •• ^....

Codaklß cf. leoaiEÄ /BASTEftOT, 1825/ .... ^....

fbyaeira vara ©ttnangoael» /SACCO, 19©1/ /» Л . ulorugosue SACCO, 19®1 3 ТЬ. aubangulata B.H0ER5?ES, 18795 aoa Orblgny, 1852/ ...*... .....

Eryolna fallas COSSMAHH et PEYROT, 1911 •••»•■ ...

Venue ep. indot. .... ...... * • > **..•••••

falliaa eerrata tauroprotensa SACCO, 19ol ...

Gaatrana fragllle /LINNÊ, 1758/ fora* alaor ...

Soleraya /sSoleaoeya/ doderleial /MAYER, 1861/ ...

Corbula fcibba OLIVI, 1792 ......

Lateraula /=Anatina/ fuchal /R.HOERNES, 1875/ ....

Pholadoaya alplaa MATHEROH, 1842 Juv. /ox aff. Pb.

alplaa paaopaeaeforals SCHAFFER, 191o/

Cuapidaria cuspidate /OLIVÏ, 1792/ •...6.

Sphaealopsis elotaurlna SACCO, 19ol foraa typlca ....

3s os aff. alotaurlna SACCO, 19ol /ln HÖLZL, 1958/ ...

Typhia cf. puagens /SOLANDER la BRARBER, 1766/

XfiGCus /=Turbiaella/ep. .......

Hiala cf. achlotheial /BEYRICH, 1854/ ...

Ho ap, A ladat. /aoa achlotheial/ ^.... •«

H. spe B. ladat. /foraa aagna, reticulata/... . Arcularia of. ochoaaal /R.HOERHES at AUIHGEB# 1879/ • • Aacilla austriaca /B.HOEKHES# 1875/.......

Trlgoaoetoaa feaeatratua tauraouta SACCO, 1894 ...

"Purris coroaata /MUHSTER la GOLDFUSS, 1843/

Bathytoaa cataphraota /BROCCHI, 1814/ ••••••.... Clavus ep. ladet# »....... * * * Soaphaader ligmarlua gratoloupl /MICHBLOTTI, 1847/ ...

Rosanla op. ladet, ^........*•••.... ...

Aturla atari /BASTEROT, 1825/ ...

Bathyslphon ap. /sProtulltee eagaaatata JASKO, 194©/ « Cycloaerle sp. /=€. poresi HAIMS la JASKÔ, 194«/ ...

Flaballua ap. ladat. ....... - •....

Bryoaoe ........

Brleeopsiß ottnangeaels /R.HOERHES, 1875/

SohiBaBtar spc ....... • • • * ...

] •?.изо Liu: ,tso-ir:û/ " J-U’^G'i'ïl'osho./5а~ ezÄ-i'l, ré tervâsdra/ ’ ?€с be.;r'släc-viesôt,b.r.jâ:i.Lud ai o':, Iaolytar:.. y ' -i/Qb:e..S-±ïr.. Lcî^ersaorl« sto./ " e7.om';~ic../ ■ Le../ . -T'?-rvi

Ш П И Ш Ш Ш Г

...................... ■ —,7viiv/.. , , .. :p:r1 1

..-■.L^OwiUT..-me;:tess::./633-3o5па/

~ 3L

-T a b le 5.

AjuS O

ozulia-1

Table 6.

;

Limopsis anomala tflCHW./sL.retifera SEMP/

Lucinoma borealis L...0 . . „ e Corbula gibba OL’IVI . . . . Polinices catena DA COSTA ... , Туphis cf.pungens SOL. in BRAUS. . . . . Turris coronata MÜNST. in GOLDF...

Bathytoma cataphracta BROCC... » Nucula nucleus L... . . . . N. mayeri HÖRN...

Mu b c uIu b philippii MAY. . . ...

Chlamys ex aff. decussata MÜNST.in GOLDF.

Cardiolucina agassizi MICHT...

Saxolucina bellardiana MAY...

Macoma elliptica BROCC...

Ficus condita BRONGN...

Hinia cf. Bchlotheimi BEYR. . . . . Scaphander lignarius grateloupi MICHT..

Spondylue gaederopua L...

Pseudamussium corneum denudatum REUSS . Thyasira vara ottnangensis SACCO . . . . Г Solemya doderleini MAY...

Cuspidaria cuepidata OLIV I . . . . Sphaeniopsis miotaurina SACCO . . . . . Trigonostoma fenestratum tauracuta SAC.

Cardita ecalaris SOW...

PropearaUBsium miopliocenicum RUGG.. . . Thyasira cf. vara s.l. KOR. . ...

Nucula notabilis MAY. . . . . Nucula'notabilis virgata HÖLZL . . . . Sphaeniopsis ex aff. miotaurina SACCO . Lucinoma borealis ex aff. ottnangensis Cavilucina droueti wolfi HOERN...

Laternula fuchsi HOERN. . . ...

Lima labani MEZN. . ....

Turritella ex. aff. badensis SACCO . . Arcularia cf. schoenni HOERN. et AUING.

Jattien"ObIGOCÉH Aquitanien

К Ж 'Ь о о й

Tortonien PLIüCÉN SBSs:sncss3S3SBS( Boreâlis Atlanti fie di terrân_ iviscellien e, OLIGOCEN Sgerien lEggenburgien

f e S " “ 0 0 0 1

Badenien______

Elterjedés a ijElter.ied^3 Paratethysen kivUiMparatethy©b 32

-Csoport

yeneriààssz. /l8t!-23om/ 5a.j6yt;lezd-42 Amussziumossz. /25o-5l5 m/ Saj6velezd-42 Pétervàséra, homokkd/lkÉ-25E/ Pétervàsâra, slir/26Е-27Е/______________________ Amussziumossllr/Als6szuha-1, âkz-169/ Nagy-pectenesf'à'cles/aalg6tar.iânr6zd ,Budafok .Ipolytarn. Eggénourgiforroàclé /Egg'enburg«LoIbtrsdorf,Pels.etc, vorod/eggenburgien/ àzlovàkla/eggenburgien/ taltenbachgrap^n/--grenpurglcn/ If-ït, kovâcov,Torokbàlint/egerien/ Dttnângl slir üdrpâtiensiiréshcmoi-iko Krhici"torton"/badenien/

Nucula nucleuB L I N N É , 1756 Nucula maycri M.HÖRNES, 187o

Nucula notabilis MAYER, 1871 /a? N.plaeentina LAMARCK, 1819/ H örnee,187o; non P HILIPPI,1844/

Bathyarca polyfasciata /SISMONDA, 1642/, Glycyraeris piloea deshayeai /MAYER, 1668/

Glycymeris cor /LAMARCK, 18о5/

G l y c y m e r i B c f . f i c h t e l i /DESHAYES, 1852/

Modiolus dunkeri /KOENEN, 1884/

P s e u d a m u S B iu m c o r n e u m d e n u d a t u m /REUSS,1867/

Astarte gracilis MÜNSTER, 1835 8.1.

A s t a r t e n e u m a y r i / R .H O E R N E S , 1675/

C a r d i t a e c a l a r i a S O W ERBY, 1825 T a r a s r o t u n d a t u s /M O NTAGU , 18оЗ/

L ucinoma barrandei /MAYER, 1871/

Lucinoma borealis /LINNE, 1758/

Loripos dujardini /DESHAYES, 185o/

Caviluoina d r o u t i w0lfi R.HOERNES, 1875/

-gSxôiueïàâ 'multiiàmeliertlr^/DESHAYÉâ/ 1330/

Saxolucina inorassata /DUBOIS, 1831/

S a x o l u c i n a s p , i n d e t ,

T h y a s i r a flexuosa /MONTAGU, 18оЗ/

T h y a s i r a /Tauraxinue/ vara ottnangensis /SACCO,

19ol / • Th.miorugosus SACC0,19ol e Th.

subangulata R.HOERNES, 1875j)jion d ’ ORBIGNY, 1852/

Laevicardium ex. cyprium /BROCCHI, 1814/

Erycina f allax COSSMANN et PEYROT, 1911 Pitar cf. gigas schafferi /KAUTSKY, 1936/

Venerupis baeteroti /MAYER, 1859/

Venus aquitanica COSSMANN et PEYROT, 191o/

VenuB burdigalensis MAYER, 1808 Venus cf. plicata /GMELIN, 179o/ Lutraria cf.sanna BASTEROT, 1825 Tellina serrata tauroprotensa SACCO, 19ol Moerella donacina /LIiniÉ, 1758/

Angulus planatus /LINNÉ, 1758/ s.l.

Angulus planatus lamellosus /DOLLPUS, COTTER et GOMEZ, 19o3/

Macoma elliptlca /BROCCHI, 1814/

Arcopagia subelegans /d*ORBIGNY, 1852/

Gastrana fragilis /LINNÉ, 1758/ /forma minor/

Gari cf.labordei /BASTEROT, 1825/

Degrangia cf.fiBchorl /MAYER, 1861/ /in HÖLZL , 1958/ , Solcmya /»Soient. doderleini /MAYER, 1861/

Corbula gibba OLi.v t , 1792 Corbula carinata /DUJARDIN, 1837/

Laternula /«Anatina/ fuchei /R.HOERNES,1875/

Pholadomya alpine MATHERON, 1842 juv. /ex.aff.

Ph.alpina panopaeaeformis SCHAPFER,191o/

Pholadomya vaticana fuchsi SCHAFFER, 1897 Thracia cf.pubesoens /PULTNEY, 1799/

C u s p i d a r i a c u s p i d a t e /OLIVI, 1792/

Hinia schlotheimi /BEYRICH, 1054/

M i t r a s c r o b i c u l a t a BROCCHI, 1814 .

E u t h r i o f u B u s b u r d i g a l e n s i s /BASTEROT, 1 8 2> / T r i g o n o s t o m a a c u t a n g u l a /.FAUJAS, 1817/

Genota ramosa /BASTEROT, 1825/

Scaphander l i g n a r i u s grateloupi / M IC H E L O T T I,

С so port Euthriofusus burdigalonsis BAST...I A ta ria a tu ri BAST«

Huculana f r a g i li s CHKMW. ...

..

...

Yoldia longs BELL...

j B&thyarca p o ly fa sc ia ta SISM...

.

ⁱ

Glycymsris cf» f i c h t e l i DESH...

i Peoudaaussiura corneua denudatus RSS.

j

Parvaausaius duodecislawellatura LROHH

j

' Csrdi ta s e a la r is SOW.......

..

; LncinoEa barraadei MAY... i j Saxolucina a u ltila ra e lla ta DESH...1

! S« in c ra ssa ta DUB« ....»...#i I Tbyasir® vara ottnangensis SACC...:

I P ita r e f . glg&a sc h a ffe ri KAUTSKY . . . .

-Iv a n C ic h a - Jàn Sen£s

D ie S t e llu n g des O b e ro lig o z ä n s und M io zä n s d e r Z e n t r a lp a r a t e t h y s i n B eziehung zum e u ro 

p ä is c h e n T e r t i ä r

D ie s t r a t ig r a p h is c h e G lie d e ru n g des T e r t i ä r s mach

t e im L a u fe d e r vergangenen 200 J a h re e in e z ie m lic h k o m p li

z i e r t e E n tw ic k lu n g d urch und d ie g e g e n w ä rtig e n A n s ic h te n d e r im e u ro p ä is c h e n T e r t i ä r a rb e ite n d e n S t r a t ig r a p h e n s in d h ä u f ig s e h r u m s t r it t e n . D e r I n h a l t e in z e l n e r S tu fe n und ih r e z e i t l i c h e R e ic h w e ite w ir d s e h r u n t e r s c h ie d lic h a u fg e - f a s s t . D ie V erhandlungen d e r CMNS, v o r a lle m d ie S itz u n g e n i n B ern 1964 und in Bologna 1967 b ra c h te n e in e ganze R eihe n e u e r Angaben, d ie w e s e n tlic h z u r K lä ru n g von S te llu n g und I n h a l t d e r e in z e ln e n S tu fe n b e itr u g e n und g l e i c h z e i t i g be

s t ä t i g t e n , dass p r a k t is c h a l l e d ie s e s t r a t ig r a p h is c h e n E in  h e it e n e in e n eng b io p r o v i n z i e l l e n C h a r a k te r h aben. Beim V e r g le ic h m it den "G ru n d s tu fe n " d e r k la s s is c h e n M io z ä n s tu fe n  f o lg e erg eb en s ic h nach k r i t i s c h e r Umwertung d e r von z a h l

r e ic h e n A u to re n dure hg e f ü h r t e n Erkundungen nachstehende T a t  sachen.

Das A q u ita n CCh. M a y e r -E y r a r 1 8 5 8 ), s e in e S t e llu n g a ls S t u f e , s e in e S t r a t o t y p - L o k a li t ä t e n und v o r a lle m s e in e obere Grenze b le ib e n u n g e k lä r t . D ie Anwendung d ie s e r S tu fe und d e re n m o llu s k e n fü h re n d e n T y p l o k a li t ä t e n a ls S tü tz p u n k  t e f ü r d ie Zusam m enstellung d e r s t r a t ig r a p h is c h e n S tu fe n  f o lg e des T e r t i ä r s i s t seh r p ro b le m a tis c h und v e ru rs a c h te z a h lr e ic h e M is s v e rs tä n d n is s e b e i b r e i t e r e n r e g io n a le n K o r re  la t io n e n .

Das B u r d ig a l (D e p e ré t 1 8 9 2 ) w ir d w e n ig s te n s zum T e i l

36

-l a t e r a -l vo n den a -ls Typ s c h ic h te n des A q u ita n s b e t r a c h t e t e n S c h ic h te n v e r t r e t e n .

Das H e lv e b (C h . M ayerE ym ar 1 8 5 3 ), dessen S t r a t o t y p -L o k a l i t ä t e in e p r a k t is c h vom B u r d ig a l n i c h t zu u n t e r s c h e i

dende Fauna b i r g t . D e r O b e ra b s c h n itt des E e lv e t s Im Typge

b i e t d e r v o rk a r p a tis c h e n M olasse i n d e r Schweiz i s t a u s g e - s ü s s t und f ü h r t n u r an d ie P a r a te th y s gebundene Y e r g e s e Il

se h a ftu n g e n .

Zw ischen H e lv e t und T o rto n i s t e in m it Sedim enten a u s g e f ü l l t e r A b s c h n itt , d e r je d o c h n ic h t B e s t a n d t e il d e r s t r a t ig r a p h is c h e n S tu fe n fo lg e des M iozän s i s t , s e lb s t wenn w i r aus M ayer-E ym ars A r b e it (1 8 8 9 ) ausgehen, wo in den Un

t e r a b s c h n i t t des T o rto n s das sog. Baaenon, d .h . d ie Badener M e rg e l g e s t e l l t w e rd e n .

I n seinem k la s s is c h e n B estim m ungsgebiet (M ayer-E ym ar 1 8 5 8 ) s t e l l t das T o r to n den Z e it a b s c h n it t zw ischen dem - E l

ve z ia n o (keinesw eg s H e lv e t ) und dem M essin d a r .

Das Sarm at (E . Suess 1 8 6 6 ) i s t e in e d urch b ra c k is c h e Faune c h a r a k t e r i s i e r t e S tu fe und s e in e S c h ic h te n können m it B e s tim m th e it f a u n is t i s c h n u r m it d e r P a r a te th y s k o r r e l i e r t w e rd e n .

Das M essin (M ayer-E ym ar 1 8 6 8 ) h a t z a h lr e ic h e Kenn

z e ic h e n e in e r modernen S tu fe . D ie B eziehung zwischen dem S a rm a t, M e s s in , Panon, i s t n ic h t g e k lä r t und das Problem d e r O b erg ren ze gegenüber dem P lio z ä n I t a l i e n s s te h t noch o f f e n .

Wenn w i r erw ägen, dass d ie o b e n a n g e fü h rte n S tu fe n b is h e r d ie Grundlage d e r S tr a t ig r a p h is c h e n M io z ä n g lie d e ro n g b i l d e t e n , w a r d ie S it u a t i o n f ü r d ie B ild u n g e in e r fe s te n

s t r a t ig r a p h is c h e n S tu fe n fo lg e d ie s e r F o rm a tio n n ic h t d ie g ü n s t ig s t e . D ie V e r f e c h t e r d e r b is h e r ig e n G lie d e ru n g s t ü t z  t e n s ic h a u f d ie V o ra u s s e tzu n g , dass d ie e in z e ln e n S tu fe n gew isserm assen a b s tr a k te E in h e it e n s e ie n wo z . B. d ie B e

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-Z e ich n un g T o rto n e in -Z e i t b e g r i f f i s t d e r d ie -Z e its p a n n e zw is c h e n dem H e lv e t und M e s s in , e v t l , Sarm at a u s f ü l l t und d e r u r s p rü n g lic h e I n h a l t im B estim m ungsgebiet n ic h t e n t  s ch eid en d i s t * Es h a n d e lt s ic h d a h e r um e in e bestim m te Eorm e in e r A d o p tio n von S c h ic h te n , o d e r g a n z e r m ä c h tig e r S c h ic h te n k o m p le x e * D iese Lösung g e s t a t t e t e in e b e t r ä c h t  l i c h e F r e i h e i t b e i d e r s t r a t ig r a p h is c h e n E in g lie d e r o n g . D ie g e g e n w ä rtig e u n ü b e r s ic h t lic h e S i t u a t i o n i n d e r s t r a t i  g ra p h is c h e n S t e llu n g z a h lr e i c h e r T e r tiä r b e c k e n a l l e r Kon

t i n e n t e i s t a u f d ie obeneiw ähnte A u ffa s s u n g z u rü c k z u fü h re n . E in e R eihe von F o rs c h e m v e rs u c h te e s , im L a u fe von mehr a ls h u n d e rt J a h re n d ie M ängel d e r k la s s is c h e n M io z ä n  s k a la zu ü b e rw in d e n .

Es wurden z a h lr e ic h e " S tu fe n ” b e nan n t und d e f i n i e r t , d ie je d o c h n ic h t l n d ie k la s s is c h e T e r t i ä r s t u f e n f o l g e e i n  bezogen w urden.

Das Bormid (P a re to 1 8 6 5 ) e n t s p r ic h t ( z . B. V e r v lo e t 1 9 6 6 ) dem R üpel b is A q u ita n . An s e in e r B a s is wurden Hummu- l i t e n f e s t g e s t e l l t , im o b e rs te n A b s c h n itt M io g y p s in a g u n - t e r i und M. s o c in i.

Das Langh (P a re to 1 8 6 5 ) wurde von M a yer-E ym ar (1 8 6 8 ) zw isch en das A q u ita n und H e lv e t g e s t e l l t . S p ä te r wurde d i e  se S t u f e , eben a u f Grund d ie s e r E in s tu fu n g , a ls Synonym des B u r d ig a ls angesehen. D ie T y p p r o f ile des Langh im P i e  mont s in d je d o c h d e u t li c h jü n g e r a ls das B u r d ig a l und e n t  sprechen d e r Zone Gr. b is p h e r ic u s und " P r a e o r b u lin a " , e v t l , n u r d e r le tz tg e n a n n te n Zone (M .B . C it a - I . P r e m o li - S il v a 1 9 6 7 ) .

Das S e r r a v a l l (P a r e to 1 8 6 5 ) e n t s p r ic h t dem Z e it a b  s c h n i t t ( V e r v lo e t 1 9 6 6 ) zw ischen dem Langh und T o r to n .

Das E lv e z ia n o i n d e r i t a l i e n i s c h e n A u ffa s s u n g e n t

s p r ic h t n ic h t dem H e lv e t des k la s s is c h e n G e b ie ts . Es i s t rt

d e u t li c h jü n g e r und e in Ä q u iv a le n t des Langh, S e r r a v a l l und e in e s T e i l s des T o r to n s .

- 38

-Das Vindobon (D e p é re t 1 8 9 5 ) i s t e i n Synonymi des z w e ite n M e d ite rra ru s nach E . Suess ( i 8 6 0 ) . S ein e T y p l o k a li

t ä t i s t das W ien er Beoken und es wurde a ls S tu fe f ü r Ge

b i e t e v o rg e s c h la g e n , i n denen das H e lv e t n ic h t von T o r to n . Das S a llo m a c ie n ( B a l l o t 1 8 9 4 ) l i e g t o b e rh a lb des B u r d ig a ls des a q u ita n is c h e n Beckens und s t e l l t w e n ig s te n s

zum T e i l e in Ä q u iv a le n t des S e r r a v a l l i e n und Langh d a r. Es kann n ic h t m it dem H e lv e t v e r g lic h e n w erden .

Das K a rp a t (C ic h a T e j k a l 1 959; C ich a T e jk a l -Senes e t a l . 1 9 6 7 ) s t e l l t den Z e i t a b s c h n it t zw ischen den E n d s c h ic h te n des H e lv e ts des k la s s is c h e n G e b ie ts und den e r s t e n A u fta u c h e n d e r O r b u lin e n d a r. S e in e U n te rg re n z e gegenüber d e r ä lt e r e n E n tw ic k lu n g e n i s t n i c h t von m a rin e n , sondern von f a u n is t i s c h e i n h e i t l i c h e n f ü r d ie P a ra te th y s kennzeichnendem C h a r a k te r.

Das G iro n d (V ig n e a u x M. e t a l . 1 9 5 4 ) i s t e in e neue B ezeichnung f ü r das A q u ita n und B u r d ig a l und s t ü t z t s ic h

a u f d ie v o ra u s g e s e tz te Ä q u iv a le n z b e id e r S tu fe n . F ü r d ie S c h ic h te n zw ischen dem K a rp a t und dem T o r to n wurden in l e t z t e r S e i t (a u s s e r f ü r das S a llo m a c ie n , S e r r a v a l l und Langh) m ehrere neue Bezeichnungen v o rg e s c h la  g en. J . Kapounek, A. Papp und K. T u m o v s k y ( i 9 6 0 ) sc h la g e n f ü r d ie Z e its p a n n e zw ischen dem K a rp a t und Sarmat d ie Be

z e ic h n u n g Badener S e r ie - B adenien - v o r . I . C ic h a , J . Те k a l sch lu g en (1 9 6 5 ) nach F e s t s t e llu n g d e r A r t G lo b ig e r in a n e p e n th e s f ü r d ie Z e its p a n n e zw ischen dem K a rp a t (Zone G.

b is p h e r io u s ) und dem T o rto n (Zone G. n e p e n th e s ) d ie Be

ze ic h n u n g L a n z e n d o rf (L a n z e n d o rfe r S e r ie ) v o r .

F e rn e r t r e f f e n w i r i n d e r B o r e a lp r o v in z des M iozäns d ie U n t e r te ilu n g e n i n e in V ie r la n d , Hemmoor, H ein b ek, Lan

g e n f e ld , Gramm und S y l t o d e r "A lb in g iu m - S c a ld is s iu m " i n N o rd d e u ts c h la n d , in B e lg ie n in e in H o u th a le e n ( B o ld e r ) , A n v e rs , D e u m ie n , i n Dänemark in e in K lin t ig h o v e d , E ib e ,

-Arnum, und in der Bretagne in e in P o n t ile v , Savigneen, Rodon an. In Spanien wurde das Andalus (E. P ercon ig

1 9 6 7 ) B e s tim m t, w e lc h e s e in Ä q u iv a le n t des in s U n t e r  p lio z ä n g e s t e l l t e n T e i l s des M e s s in und T a b ie n i s t .

D ie S tr a t ig r a p h e n s in d B e s tr e b t, d ie e x i s t i e r e n  den g e o c h ro n o lo g is c h e n E in h e it e n , d .h . r e l a t i v e Z e it a b  s c h n it t e i n d e r G e s c h ic h te d e r E rd e , durch k o n k r e te s Ma

t e r i a l , d .h . G e s te in e r i c h t i g a u s z ü f ü lle n . Im Laufe d e r L e t z t e n Jah re a t d ie N o tw e n d ig k e it e in e r genauen r e g io n a  le n K o r r e la t io n immer mehr i n den V o rd e rg ru n d und d adurch h a t s ic h . d i e N o tw e n d ig k e it e in e r s t a b il e n Lösung d e r s t r a  tig r a p h is c h e n und g e o c h ro n o lo g is c h e n E in o rd n u n g d e r S e d i

mente in t e r t i ä r e n T e il g e b i e t e n Europas e rg e b e n . U n s e re r A n s ic h t nach s o l l t e i n d e r E r s te n E tappe ( i . C io h a , J . S enes, J . T e jk a l 19 6 ? ) d ie s e s das Problem d e r S t e llu n g p a lä o n t o lo g is c h e c h a r a k t e r is ie r t e n N e o s tra to ty p e n und d ie d e re n Frage w e c h s e ls e it ig e r B eziehungen durch e in e sog.

o ffe n e c h ro n o s t r a t i g ra p h is c h e S tu fe n fo lg e g e k l ä r t w e rd e n . Gehen w i r aus dem B eschluss des Kongresses d e r CMNS 1967 i n Bologna a u s, wo p r a k tis c h e n ts c h ie d e n w u rd e , dass a l l e a n e rk a n n te r S tr a t o t y p e n a ls S tu fe n n u r r e g io n a  l e G ü l t i g k e i t haben ( e i n s c h l . d e r S tu fe n d e r k la s s is c h e n M io z ä h s tu fe n fo lg e ) so e r g i b t s ic h d ie N o tw e n d ig k e it d e r B ild u n g e in e r in t e r r e g io n a le n S tu fe n fo lg e Im W eltm ass

s ta b , m it neuen S tu fe n b e z e ic h n u n g e n . Es h a n d e lte s ic h e i g e n t l i c h um " o b e r s tu fe n " .

Es muss aus fo lgen d en Grundsäken ausgegangen w er

den:

1/ Eine " o b e r s tu fe " i s t e in e r a b stra k te r g eoch ro- n o lo g is c h e r Z e i t b e g r i f f .

2/ Das konkrete d iese Z e it au sfü llend e M a te ria l sin d die Sedimente. Sie b ild e n die Grundlage des chrono stra tig ra p h isc h en B e g r iffs und sind

40

-B e s ta n d te il d e r R egion a l stu fen e in z e ln e r -B io - p ro v in zen , e v t l . - g e b ie t e .

3/ Die R e o stra to ty p en ( l . Cicha, Senes, 1 . T e jk a l) m it ih ren Ho l o - und Paz io s tra to ty p e n c h a r a k te r i

s ie r e n R egion a l stu fen , d.h. nur d ie je n ig e Z e i t spanne d er ganzen O b erstu fe, deren Sedimente in d ie s e r od er je n e r B iop rovin z vorhanden sin d . 4/ Die Sedimente des u n au sgefü llten Z e ita b s c h n itts

s t e lle n ein en H iatu s, d .h . ein en Entwicklungsab

s c h n itt unbekannter Bauer unbekannter l i t h o l o g i s c h e r-, F a z ie s -, p a lä o n to lo g is c h e r - usw. Entwick

lung in dem s tu d ie rte n Gebiet dar, der keine cha

r a k te r is t is c h e n Merkmeie a u fw eist worden i s t . D ie A n a ly s e n d e r s tr a tig r a p h is c h e n G lie d e rang des e u ro p ä is c h e n O lig o z ä n s und Neogens z e ig t e n , dass k e in e e in  z ig e S tu fe f ü r d ie in t e r r e g io n a le K o r r e la t io n g e e ig n e t i s t , dass je d o c h z a h lr e ic h e davon f ü r d ie G lie d e ru n g d e r e i n z e l  nen B io p r o v in z ia lr e g io n e n v erw end et werden können. S o l lt e

i n Z u k u n ft e in e nom in ale Bezeichnung d e r Ü b er s t u f en g e w ä h lt w e rd e n , so muss d e re n I n h a l t a b s o lu t a b s t r a k t - z e i t l i c h ,

d urch fe s tb e s tim m te Wendepunkte i n d e ro rg a n is e h e n E n tw ic k  lu n g gegeben und u n w a ld e ib a r s e in . E r muss jed o ch s t e t s d ie M ö g lic h k e it e in e r Ergänzung im Rahmen d e r R e g io n a ls tu  fe n durch neue Angaben g e w ä h r le is te n , d ie z . B. im Zuge d e r E n tw ic k lu n g n e u e r Methoden z u r a b s o lu te n A lte r s b e s t im  mung von G e s te in e n gewonnen w erden.

G rundlagen d e r b io s t r a t ig r a p h is e h e n G lie d e ru n g des O b e ro lig o z ä n s und M iozäns

Im L a u fe d e r E n tw ic k lu n g d e r Erde kam es zu e in e r a llm ä h lic h e n D if f e r e n z ie r u n g d e r Organismen und d e re n v e r

-- 4L

s c h ie d e n t li c h e r V e r t e i lu n g i n d e r B io s p h ä re . B e i den M ee re so rg a n is m e n " b ild e te n s ic h m it d e r S e i t v o n e in a n d e r

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