Prepare d b y Nationa l Burea u o f Standard s in cooperatio n wit h Nationa l Conferenc e on Weight s an d Measure s

U.S . Departmen t o f Commerc e Nationa l Burea u o f Standard s Washingto n 25 , D.C . Miscellaneou s Publicatio n 234 *

Prepare d b y Nationa l Burea u o f Standard s in cooperatio n wit h Nationa l Conferenc e on Weight s an d Measure s

HOUSEHOL D WEIGHT S AN D MEASURE S Th e purpos e o f thi s car d i s t o presen t i n convenien t for m th e weight s an d measure s table s mos t usefu l fo r househol d purpose s togethe r wit h associate d weight s an d measure s informatio n o f genera l househol d interest . ' ADVIC E T O TH E HOUSEWIF E

Demand accurate weight and measure in your purchases just as you demand accurate change from the cashier. Some stores provide scales on which you can check the weights of your pur­ chases. Use them! Become acquainted with your local or State weights and measures official, and consult him if in doubt on any weights and measures matter. Report suspected inaccuracies or violations of the weights and measures laws and regulations to your weights and measures official.

CALORIE S

Energy values in excess of those expended for bodily activities are stored in the body as fat. A 30-page pamphlet published by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and entitled "Nutritive Value of Foods," presents tabular information on the nutri­ tive value of a large number of foods, including calorie values. Copies of this publication, which is designated by the number H & G Bulletin 72, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C., at 20 cente a copy.

240

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NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

EQUIVALENT S O F TH E COMMO N CAPACIT Y UNIT S USE D I N TH E KITCHE N Unit s 1 fluid dra m equal s 1 teaspoonfu l equals — 1 tablespoonfu l equals . 1 fluid ounc e equals. . V± cupfu l equals. . 1 gil l ( % cupful ) equals . 1 cupfu l equals.. . 1 liqui d pin t equals... . 1 liqui d quar t equals. . 1 milliliter * equals... . 1 lite r equal s — -

Flui d dram s 1

4 8 16 32 64 12 8 25 6 0.27 270

Tea - spoon ­ ful s

6 12 24 48 96 19 2 0.20 203

Table - spoon ­ ful s

2 4 8 16 32 64 0.068 67.6

Flui d ounce s

1 2 4 8 16 32 0.034 33.8

cup - ful s

1 2 4 8 16 0.017 16.9

Gill s

cup - fuis )

0.0084 845

Cup - ful s

y«

1 2 4 0.0042 4.23

Liqui d pint s

Vl 6

1 2 0.0021 2.11

Liqui d quart s V256 Vl9 2

Vl 6 1 0.0011 1.06

Milli ­ liters * 5. 7 15 50 59 118 237 473 946 1 100 0

Liter s

0.004 0.005 0.015 0.030 0.059 0.118 0.237 0.473 0.946

o

1

Unit s Equal s Equal s Equal s fu l Equal s Equal s Equal s ful ) Equal s Equal s Equal s Equal s Equal s 1 fluid dra m 1 teaspoonfu l 1 tablespoon - 1 fluid ounc e ^4 cupfu l 1 gil l ( Vz cup - 1 cupfu l 1 liqui d pin t 1 liqui d quar t 1 milliliter * 1 lite r

APPROXIMAT E WEIGHT S O F SOM E COMMODITIE S I N AVOIRDUPOI S OUNCE S PE R CUP 6% Flou r (cake , sifted ) ~ 3 % Mil k (whole , fluid). — - 8V2 Mil k (dry ) — — 4V

Oatmea l 3 Pancak e mi x — - 5 Prune s (dried ) 5 %

Raisin s (seedless). — 5 Rice — 7 Shortenin g (vegetable ) 7 Suga r (brown , moist , firmly packed). . 7 % Suga r (granulated ) 7 Water... . — 8V3

Bean s (dry ) Butter , margarine , cookin g oils — Citru s frui t juic e (fresh ) 8V2 Cornflakes - _ _ 1 Cor n mea l 5 Egg s (whole) . 8V2 Flou r (wheat , all-purpose , sifted) — 4 Th e foregoin g weight s are approximat e only , an d shoul d no t b e use d fo r determinin g whethe r o r no t correc t weigh t i s receive d whe n commoditie s are bought . RULE S FO R COMPUTIN G CIRCUMFERENCE , AREAS , AN D VOLUME S NOTE.—Expres s al l dimension s i n term s o f th e sam e unit—fo r example , i n term s o f feet . A compute d are a wil l the n b e i n term s of th e squar e o f th e dimensiona l uni t used—fo r example , squar e feet—an d a compute d volum e wil l b e i n term s o f th e cub e o f th e dimen ­ siona l uni t used—fo r example , cubi c feet . Circumferenc e o f circl e : 3.141 6 χ diameter . Volum e o f cylinde r : 0.785 4 χ diamete r χ diamete r χ height . Are a o f circl e : 0.785 4 χ diamete r χ diameter . Approximat e capacit y o f containe r havin g slopin g side s : Are a o f rectangl e : Lengt h χ width . Vertica l heigh t χ one-hal f th e su m o f to p are a an d botto m Capacit y o f rectangula r bi n : Lengt h χ widt h χ depth . area .

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241

1 dram 1 ounce 1 pound 1 hundred­ weight 1 ton /l long or \ gross ton AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT = 27U/ÎJ2 grains ~~\ 437% _/ 16 ~~\7000 = 100 = 2000 = 2240

FLF 453.59 grams ;/ \ 0.45 kilogram ounce! grainsj pounds j„f 907.18 kilograms pounds=( o.91 metric ton pounds \

WEIGHT S AN D MEASURE S TABLE S

1 square foot= 1 square yard= 1 square rod = 1 acre 1 square mile= 1 section of land AREA MEASURE 144 square inches 9 square feet 30% square yards 160 square rods 1 4840 square yards >= 0.40 43560 square feet j hectare 640 acres =259.00 hectares = 1 mile square APOTHECARIES WEIGHT 1 scruple 1 dram 1 ounce 1 pound

20 grains 3 scruples Γ 8 drams I 480 grains ί 12 ounces I 5760 grains

|= 31.10 grams |=373.24 grams CUBIC MEASURE 1 cubic foot =1728 cubic inches=28.32 cubic deci­ meters 1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet = 0.76 cubic meter 1 fluid ounce 1 gill 1 pint 1 quart 1 gallon

LIQUID MEASURE 8 fluid drams «= 29.57 milliliters 4 fluid ounces [ 16 fluid ounces H78'16

ί 3 2 Sùid

ounce s } = °'

L 23 Î Synche s h

'

1 quart = 1 peck = 1 bushel ={

DRY MEASURE 2 pints 8 quarts 4 pecks 2150.42 cubic inches

=1.10 liters =8.81 liters 1=3.52 dekaliters

242 APPENDIX [A-96]

1 bushel, U.S. 1 carat (precious 1 carat (fineness alloy) 1 cord (firewood) 1 cubic foot 1 furlong 1 fathom stones) = of gold=

ί 2150.42 cubic inches I 1.24 cubic feet

-{

200 milligrams %4 part 128 cubic feet 7.48 gallons 0.80 bushel 220 yards % mile 6 feet

MISCELLANEOU S EQUIVALENT S

1.20 gallons. U.S. 160 fluid ounces, British 0.13 cubic foot 0.83 gallon, British Imperial 4 inches 0.96 fluid ounce, U.S. 1.04 fluid ounces, British 1 pound avoirdupois 1 pound, troy or apothe­ caries 1 quart, dry, U.S. 1 quart, liquid, U.S. 1 quart, British 1.22 0.82 ί 67.20 1.16 f 57.75 I 0.83 1.20

pounds, troy or apothecaries pound avoirdupois cubic inches quarts, liquid, U.S. cubic inches quart, British quarts, liquid, U.S.

METRI C Th e principa l unit s o f th e metri c syste m ar e th e meter , whic h is th e uni t o f length , th e gram , whic h i s th e uni t o f mas s (weight) , an d th e liter , whic h i s th e uni t o f capacity . (Ther e i s als o a uni t o f area , th e are , whic h i s equa l t o 10 0 squar e meters. ) Othe r unit s i n th e metri c syste m ar e th e decima l subdivision s an d multiple s o f th e basi c units , name d b y combinin g th e prope r prefi x wit h th e nam e o f th e basi c uni t t o for m selfdefinin g terms . Th e recognize d prefixe s ar e "milli-, " meanin g th e one-thousandt h part ; "centi-, " meanin g th e one-hundredt h part ; "deci-, " mean ­ in g th e one-tent h part ; "deka-, " meanin g te n times ; "hecto-, "

SYSTE M meanin g on e hundre d times ; an d "kilo-, " meanin g on e thousan d times . Not al l o f thes e prefixe s ar e i n genera l use ; thos e mos t commonl y employe d are "centi-, " "milli-, " an d "kilo-. " Thus , fo r example , "milliliter " mean s th e one-thousandt h par t o f a liter , "centimeter " mean s th e one-hundredt h par t o f a meter , an d "kilo ­ gram " mean s 100 0 grams . A ver y smal l metri c weigh t subdivisio n frequentl y use d i s th e microgram , equa l t o 1 thousandt h o f a milligram . I n formula s fo r pharmaceuticals , th e abbreviatio n "meg " i s ofte n use d fo r microgram ; i n scientifi c wor k th e recognize d abbreviatio n i s /*g .

6 7 8 9 10 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 15 llll'lll l I III II I miilll l 11 I llllllllllll l llll'lll l III 1,1 tl 1,11 1J lllllll l llllllll l lll l 1, 1 llllllll l nul l ι 1 Ul l 1 ,11 1 1,11 1 1,1 1 1 ni l 'φ η | Ψ Φ I φ φ 1 1 φ ί |Ι ,φ Φί' Ι 1 1 1 φ Φ| Φ 1 1 |l φ φ 1

0.04 inch 0.39 inch 39.37 inches 1.09 yards 0.62 statute mile

METRIC—U.S . EQUIVALENT S

{

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243