Plagiarism Quiz - WRITING A PAPER

Which of the following are incidents of plagiarism?³

1. You are guilty of plagiarism if you:

a. Make use of the works of others to gather information.

b. Use the work of another and misrepresent it as your own.

c. Make use of the works of others to support your own arguments.

d. Examine the ideas and arguments of others to help you shape your own thoughts or views on a particular issue.

2. Drawing information or content from the work of another without acknowledging the source by citing a reference is considered to be plagiarism in all of the following cases except:

a. Using the exact words of the author.

b. Using data that the author has compiled through his/her independent investigation.

c. Using information from the author's work that is regarded as common knowledge in the discipline.

d. Reproducing in your paper a chart contained in the author's work.

3. Which of the following is not an example of "padding" a bibliography?

a. Including in your bibliography works that you consulted but to which you made no direct or indirect reference or use of in your research paper.

b. Including in your bibliography sources that you did not consult but know would be relevant to the topic of your research paper.

c. Listing the titles of complete works as separate entries in your bibliography when you actually used a single volume made up of excerpts from those works.

d. Including in your bibliography sources that you did not consult directly, but that were referred to in several of the books or articles that you did consult.

4. Paraphrasing too closely to the original text, even if you do credit the source, is still considered as plagiarism because:

a. By changing a few words or the order of the original words, you have changed the author's exact words.

b. By not providing the exact words of the author in their entirety, you are attributing to the author some words that he/she did not write.

c. You must never use the words of others when you are using their ideas.

d. You have failed to indicate, by means of direct quotation marks, which are the exact words of the original.

3 Source: https://academicintegrity.uoguelph.ca/plagiarism/quiz-plagiarism

a. Because no one will know what works you consulted in the preparation of your essay.

b. Because a bibliography does not provide specific page references for the sections of your sources that you actually read when you were doing your research.

c. Because by so doing you fail to indicate the exact source(s) of each specific passage.

6. Information provided in your essay must be referenced in all of the following cases except:

a. When the information involves an interpretation peculiar to the author from whose work you are drawing.

b. When the information describes common knowledge.

c. When the information comes from an e-mail or phone call.

d. When the information or idea that you are recording is disputed within the discipline.

e. b and c.

7. You are unable to work out the calculations for your lab report but you know what the correct answer should be. Since your report is due, you take one of your numbers from an old lab report so that you can arrive at the correct answer. Is this considered to be

plagiarism?

a. Your professor doesn't expect everything to work out and if s/he knows that you falsified a few of your numbers to fit in with your results s/he won't be worried about it because the important thing is that you tried and that you understand what should have happened.

b. Since you are copying someone else's work without crediting the source, this is clearly plagiarism.

c. This was such a tiny part of the lab report, that it really doesn't matter.

8. You're worried that your paper will look as if all the ideas come from someone else and appears to list one reference citation after another. You can avoid this by:

a. Having your own over-riding argument and thesis, being analytical, and presenting your own interpretations of the evidence.

b. Omitting references when you are in doubt whether you need to reference ideas or information.

c. Integrating quotes and ideas into the text so that they fit in with your own words in a seamless web, and varying the way you introduce your references to the original sources. That way the citations will not be so intrusive.

d. a and c.

9. You have a friend who usually looks over your papers and together you discuss how to improve them. Is this plagiarism?

a. Yes, you should never accept help with the writing of your papers.

b. It's fine to get help from a friend as long as your discussion is a general one, and does not involve detailed conceptual or editorial changes.

10. You are in a computer science course. The documentation for a new programming language is on the Web and the author has given permission to use the code. Do you cite the source or not?

a. No, since the author has given permission to use the code, all you have to do is copy it.

b. Yes, you still need to cite the original source of the code.

By bowzing the internet you can find many examples that aims to help you!

24. Structuring an essay. Source: https://www.template.net/business/essay/five-paragraph-essay-template/

25. Structuring an essay. Source https://studylib.net/doc/8167947/5-paragraph-essay-structure-%E2%80%93-visual-outline

26. Example for structuring an essay. Source: https://studylib.net/doc/7045046/5-paragraph-essay-model

APPENDIX III.INTRODUCTION V.ABSTRACT

Example no. 1.

The Effects of Communication Styles on Marital Satisfaction Abstract

The differences in communication styles between men and women have been a topic of interest in the research world for many years. These differences may lead to miscommunication, conflict, and even dissatisfaction between couples. This study analyses the communication styles among genders, more specifically among married couples. It questions how differences in communication styles between married couples married five years or less affect marital satisfaction. The study will be conducted through the use of interaction analysis. Its goal is to increase the amount of knowledge regarding effective communication and how it relates to marital satisfaction to ultimately aid in the rise of marital satisfaction and the decrease of the divorce rate in the United States.

Introduction

Today, divorce has become a very common part of life, and ineffective communication likely plays a crucial role in the failure of many marriages. Communication may lead to the success of a marriage or its detriment, depending on its level of effectiveness. This effectiveness of communication is likely connected to the overall satisfaction of married couples and is worthy to be studied to increase marital satisfaction.

Learning more about the differences in communication styles between men and women will aid in the more successful sending and receiving of messages, both verbal and nonverbal. For example, a woman may communicate in a way that has meaning to her. However, the man receiving the message may interpret it differently than she intended due to their differences in communication style. This can cause conflict and lead to further problems in the relationship.

However, if the man decoding the message were familiar with his wife’s style of communication, he may have interpreted it properly therefore avoiding a conflict situation. The reverse, when men are communicating to women, is also true. Husbands and wives are interdependent, and their level of commitment and desire to maintain a healthy relationship often depends on the other person (Weigel & Ballard-Reisch, 2008).

Conventional wisdom says that there is no such thing as a lack of communication. A person always communicates something, whether intentional or not. Becoming more aware of how one’s self communicates will also aid in more healthy communication between spouses.

This literature review will discuss nonverbal communication styles, including flirtation, and conflict communication, including communicated perspective-taking.

This study will further advance communication research by helping people discover more about their communication styles as men and women and by helping them communicate more effectively with their partners. In a culture where marriage is considered a risk, it is crucial to conduct studies that will help further the knowledge on how to have a successful marriage.

Example no. 2.

Living with chronic illnesses: How are those with a chronic illness treated by their families since their diagnosis?

This study aims to figure out the relationship and meaning of the ways that a family treats a family member with a chronic mental or physical illness. The exploration of the way those with a chronic illness are treated since their diagnosis is important to understand the perceptions, behaviours, and communication that surrounds illness. Chronic mental illness will be analysed against chronic physical illness to assess similarities and differences in family behaviours.

Participants included individuals selected from local support groups based on their illness as well as family structure. An ethnographic study would be used to compare both the verbal and nonverbal relationship between the ill family member and the rest of the family.

Introduction

This study aimed to focus on both physical chronic illnesses and mental chronic illnesses and their effects on family communication, particularly surrounding the diagnosis of the illnesses.

The family has a large impact on the perceptions of illness. In recent times, the publicity around individuals with chronic illnesses, both mental and physical, has increased dramatically in the media. From the production of films about those with physical chronic illnesses to celebrity diagnosis of a mental illness, illness is something our society is beginning to talk about more frequently. However, there are certain stigmas attached to these illnesses that make it harder for patients and their families to cope with their situation. Most often because of the portrayals of chronic illness that romanticize illnesses and do not necessarily show all of the effects of these illnesses on the patient or their family.

Both mental and physical chronic illnesses are much more complex than how they are portrayed in the media. These illnesses often produce copious amounts of side effects that bring a whole new level of challenges to the patient's struggle through their daily life and readjustment after diagnosis.

One effect that is often not publicized as much as others are the relationships that exist between the patient and their family. These family relationships may change drastically with the diagnosis of and grappling with a chronic illness, changing how family members perceive one another, how they act, and even how they communicate. All of these things depend upon the nature of the family, and the illness and produce different changes. However, through all different types of families and illnesses, communication in situations like these is essential to understanding one another.

According to Rosland (2009), several interviews and focus groups showed that family members lowered stress and are central to patient success. In most instances, the family is the primary caregiver to someone with a mental or physical chronic illness, and the family relationship is important in the healing process due to proximity and the support received from family members.

The diagnosis of a chronic illness has the potential to change the fabric of the family dynamic to help accommodate the family member who is ill.

While it is clear that families often change to accommodate, it is unclear how family members communication changes since the diagnosis of a chronic illness, if a change is present at all. Which begs the question: How are those with a chronic illness treated by their families since their diagnosis? Little research exists regarding the potential changes associated with the newfound illness. Answering this question will help to make those in a family with one or more person who is chronically ill more aware of their behaviour and will also shed light on the patients' perception of their illness, and how that has been influenced by the family’s communication about the illness.

This study is essential to the communication field, particularly health communication, because it adds to the ongoing conversation about how to understand people who are chronically ill and treat them in a world wherein 2012, 117 million people had one or more chronic health issues (Ward et al., 2014). This study will explore both chronic physical and mental illness in the context of the family, focusing on marriage, parent-child relationships, and the use of narratives. This will help

assess the problems that come with illness and find out what happens to family communication when a family member gets diagnosed with a chronic illness.

APPENDIX V. REVIEW

Samples are taken from:

https://www.lonestar.edu/departments/libraries/library_montgomery/Sample_Book_Reviews.pdf Example no.1.

Millbrooke, A.M. (1999). Aviation History. Englewood, CO: Jeppensen Sanderson.

Reviewed by Nanette Scarpellini, the University of Nebraska at Omaha.

Aviation History delivers an entertaining account and perspective on international aviation history.

This book is an excellent resource for students, educators, and aviation enthusiasts. In reviewing this book, the principal criteria included content, organization, and reference sources. While editing errors and organizational incongruities plague some of the later chapters, many of the shortcomings of this first edition will likely be alleviated by later editions. These problems are only a minor distraction to the story being told.

Starting with the first unmanned hot air balloon flight in 1783 through the announcement of the X Prize that will be awarded to the first non-government sponsored manned spacecraft, the author shows the detailed progression of international aviation and aerospace technology. The reader is taken on a journey through the world of aviation and receives first-hand accounts from the inventors and dreamers who made it possible. The tone of the book reflects a learned appreciation for the marvel of aviation as illustrated by a quote from the 1759 aviation-related novel Rasselas by Samuel Johnson, which explains flight in this fashion: "So fishes have water, in which yet beasts can swim by nature, and men by art. He that can swim needs not despair to fly: to swim is to fly in a grosser fluid, and to fly is to swim in a subtler" (2-5).

The author, Anne Marie Millbrooke, is a proven historian and author specializing in science and technology with an emphasis on aviation history. In addition to acting as a historian for such organizations as the National Park Service and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), she has also managed the Archive and Historical Center at United Technologies Corporation and served as a Research Collaborator with the National Air and Space Museum. Her educational accomplishments include earning her doctoral degree from the University of Pennsylvania as well as her pilot certificate. Millbrooke’s multifaceted background establishes her in a strategic position to gather and assemble key pieces of aviation history that span the globe.

The organization of Aviation History allows the reader to easily follow the evolution of aviation.

The book is divided into ten chapters. Opening with early aviation of the 18th century, the book progresses through the Wright Brothers, early flight, World War I, peacetime aviation, the Golden Age of Charles Lindbergh and aviation firsts, World War II, the Cold War, space-age aviation, and finally modern aerospace through 1999 with glimpses of the 21st century and beyond. The appendices conclude with a listing of aviation firsts and space flights, as well as a copy of the Wright U.S. Patent. While it is impossible to thoroughly explore all topics, the detailed bibliography provides sources for obtaining more information. This format spotlights the key phases of aviation development.

The construction of the book meshes well with its organization and lends itself successfully to the study of different time periods in history. Each chapter is broken down into four sections, which typically fit logically into the topic of the chapter. All chapters are composed of several defining parts that maintain a sense of continuity throughout the volume. A Summary of Events for the time period under review leads into the introduction and the chapter goals. Within the text of the chapter, there are an assortment of breakout boxes that either describes an historic event, provides historical evidence to support aviation theories, or relates bibliographical information about individuals who were propitious in shaping aviation history. Unfortunately, the intriguing stories

is completed by a thorough bibliography, study questions reviewing the material covered, and a timeline augmented by providing events not directly associated with aviation. The book is well-referenced, making skilful use of first-person sources.

The orderliness of the book conforms to an academic curriculum. While the chapters create neatly parcelled packages, certain areas seem forced to conform to the ten-chapter plan. For instance, Chapter 9: Space Age Aviation seems oddly burdened by the last third of the chapter which focuses on fighter aircraft and various wars, from Vietnam to the U.S. invasion of Granada, as well as a final section completely on private and general aviation. These subjects can be better covered by creating another chapter or by parcelling them into both earlier and later sections. In this situation, the author provides good material and content, which is hampered by poor organization. Overall, a detailed story of the advancement of aviation is shown in a readable and entertaining style.

Millbrooke presents a broad analysis of aviation history that focuses on developments worldwide, as opposed to the many history books that single out achievements of the United States. Aviation History offers an objective view of aviation developments and illustrates the interactive nature of the industry. War spurred many of aviation’s most significant advances, with countries openly borrowing new procedures and operations from enemy progress in the field creating the most effective fighting fleets. "Nationalistic pride in aviation went beyond the romance and fads of aviation, to national identity and claims of distinctiveness and superiority . . . Legends grew around the British S.E. (scout experimental made by the Royal Aircraft Factory), the French Spad, and the German Fokker" (4-4).

Each chapter is filled with pictures and colourful quotes from people of that era. These first-hand accounts provide deeper insight into what, in some history books, is just a listing of factual information. When the "Red Baron" Manfred von Richthofen describes his victory over British ace Lanoe Hawker on November 23, 1916, the day comes alive. "I was on patrol that day and observed three Englishmen who had nothing else in mind than to hunt. I noticed how they ogled me, and since I felt ready for battle, I let them come . . ." (in Richthofen’s The Red Baron, 4-29).

The author supplies an in-depth analysis of various aspects of aviation often glossed over in aviation books. Some of the areas explored include the development of aerial photography, air-to-ground communication with early wireless radio equipment, and airmail expansion beyond the United States. Antoine de Saint-Exupery flew a la Ligne mail route between France and Spain that

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