5 EDUCATIONAL AREAS
5.5 HUMANS AND SOCIETY
5.5.1 HISTORY
Educational content of the educational field Stage 2
HUMAN HISTORY Expected outcomes pupils will
give specific examples of the importance and need for historical knowledge
give examples of sources of information on the past; name institutions where these sources are accumulated
be able to read timelines and historical maps, order the main historical periods in chronological order
Subject matter
importance of studying history, finding information on history; historical sources
historical time and space
BEGINNINGS OF HUMAN SOCIETY Expected outcomes
pupils will
describe the life of prehistoric hunters and gatherers as well as their material and spiritual culture
explain the significance of agriculture, animal husbandry and metal processing for human society
give examples of archaeological cultures on the territory of the Czech Republic Subject matter
humans and human society in prehistory
ANCIENT CIVILISATIONS. THE ROOTS OF EUROPEAN CULTURE Expected outcomes
pupils will
understand the connection between natural conditions and the rise of the first great agricultural civilisations
name the most important types of monuments which have become part of world cultural heritage
using specific examples, demonstrate the contributions brought by ancient cultures and name personalities of Antiquity important for European civilisation; the birth of Christianity and connections with Judaism
compare various forms of government and the position of social groups within the individual states and explain the essence of Antique democracy
Subject matter
the earliest ancient civilisations and their cultural legacy
Antique Greece and Rome
Central Europe and contacts with the Mediterranean world during Antiquity CHRISTIANITY AND MEDIAEVAL EUROPE
Expected outcomes pupils will
describe the fundamental changes which took place in Europe as a result of the arrival of new ethnic groups, Christianisation and the rise of states
compare the basic characteristics of the Western European, Byzantine-Slavic and Islamic culture regions
describe the Great Moravian Empire, the internal development of the Czech state and these states’ positions within the European context
describe the role of Christianity and religion in mediaeval people’s life, conflicts between secular and ecclesiastical powers, Christianity’s relationship to heresy and other theological doctrines
describe the position of the various medieval social classes, give examples of Romanesque and Gothic culture
Subject matter
new ethnic map of Europe
formation of states in the East- and West-European cultural areas and their specific development
Islam and the influence of Islamic empires on Europe (Arabs, Turks)
Great Moravia and the Czech state, their internal development and position within Europe
Christianity, Catholoicism, empire, the Crusades
the structure of medieval society, the roles of the individual classes
the culture of medieval society – Romanesque and Gothic arts and learning DISCOVERIES AND CONQUESTS. THE BEGINNINGS OF THE MODERN ERA Expected outcomes
pupils will
explain the rediscovery of the ideal of man from antiquity, new ideas demanding Church reform, the Church’s reaction to these demands
describe the significance of the Hussite tradition for Czech political and cultural life
describe and demonstrate the course, causes and impacts of transoceanic discoveries
describe the position of the Czech state within a Europe divided into several centres of religion and power, and its position within the Habsburg monarchy
explain the causes and implications of the Thirty Years’ War and assess its outcomes
give specific examples of absolutism, constitutional monarchies and parliamentarism from European history
identify the basic signs of various cultural/artistic styles, name their representatives and give examples of important cultural monuments
Subject matter
Renaissance, Humanism, the Hussite movement, the Reformation and its spreading across Europe
transoceanic discoveries and the beginnings of global conquest
the Czech state and the great powers in the 15th to 18th centuries
Baroque culture and the Enlightenment MODERNIZATION OF SOCIETY
Expected outcomes pupils will
explain fundamental economic, social, political and cultural changes involved in the modernization of society in selected countries and in our lands
explain the connection between the events of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars on the one hand and the dissolution of old European social structures on the other
compare the various stages in the formation of the modern Czech nation to selected national movements in Europe
describe the emancipation efforts of important social groups; name the demands of selected European revolutions
demonstrate on selected examples the basic political currents
explain the different pace of modernization and the increased inequality in the development of the various parts of Europe and the world, including the impacts of this inequality;
describe the rivalry among the great powers as well as the significance of colonies
Subject matter
the French Revolution, the Napoleonic era and their impact on Europe and the world;
establishment of the United States of America
industrialization and its impacts on society; social issues
national movements of large and small nations; formation of the modern Czech nation
the revolutions of the 19th century as a tool for addressing political, social and national issues
political currents (conservatism, liberalism, democracy, socialism), constitutions, political
cultural diversity of the time
conflicts between the Great Powers, colonialism
THE MODERN ERA Expected outcomes pupils will
demonstrate on specific examples the abuse of technology during the World Wars and its consequences
identify the strengths and weaknesses of democratic systems
describe the various totalitarian systems, the reasons for their rise within the broader
economic and political context and their consequences for the world; identify the destructive power of totalitarianism and extreme nationalism
explain on specific examples anti-Semitism, racism and their unacceptability from the viewpoint of human rights
assess the position of Czechoslovakia within European contexts as well as its internal social, political, economic and cultural environment
Subject matter
World War I and its political, social and cultural impacts
the new political order in Europe and the role of the USA in the world; the establishment of Czechoslovakia, its economic and political development, social and nationality issues
the international political and economic situation in the 1920s and 1930s; totalitarian systems – Communism, Fascism, Nazism – implications for Czechoslovakia and the world
World War II, the Holocaust; the situation in our lands, domestic and foreign resistance;
political, geo-political and economic impacts of the war A DIVIDED AND INTEGRATING WORLD
Expected outcomes pupils will
explain the causes and consequences of the existence of a bi-polar world; give examples of conflict between the two blocs
explain and substantiate on specific examples the geo-political valency and political reasons for transatlantic economic and military cooperation
assess the position of the developing countries
show basic familiarity with current global issues Subject matter
the Cold War, division of the world into military blocs represented by the superpowers;
political, economic, social and ideological rivalry
the internal situation in the countries of the Eastern bloc (a comparison with the characteristics of Western countries on specific examples)
Czechoslovakia from the February coup to 1989, the establishment of the Czech Republic
the disintegration of the colonial system, the world outside Europe
contemporary issues
science, technology and education as factors of development; sports and entertainment