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Information technology is no doubt influenced by the changing conditions of the banking sector and has become a significant factor in the efficient and effective implementation of banking activities and to reduce their costs. The application of information technology in banking is a banking customer service greatly facilitate the life of a bank's operations and provide improved survival in the market.
Modern banking in Republic of Serbia, like in a other states is looking for requirements of global financial markets. With increasing competition Serbian banks face the problem of finding ways of acquiring a critical mass of customers, therefore banks must be able to offer their customers fast delivery, easy transaction, accurate information, in other words, to meet the needs of clients. To survive in today's market, the bank has to change faster than the competition, and this can be achieved by using the advantages of the use of information technology. As a result of the combination of IT and banking activities, has developed e-banking, which is currently under development in our country. Different ways of conducting electronic financial transactions, ATMs, POS terminals, credit cards, home banking and mobile banking, eventually became imperative of the modern banking business in Serbia. Although the risk characteristics of each banking business use of information technology can further reduce impact on the security of banking operations. In order to provide the risks banks are in a position to make use of available protective measures such as data encryption, digital certificates, firewalls, antivirus programs and PIN.
Keywords: IT, e-banking, Republic of Serbia, home banking, risk management Introduction
Information technology is now becoming an integral part of life to such an extent that it is virtually inconceivable functioning of any part of our existence without them. Mastering the use of information technology is becoming as important as literacy became important after Gutenberg's discovery. Therefore, not without reason, says the world is engulfed information revolution. As modern telecommunications and computer technology made primarily in the service of the transfer and exchange of information, hence the name of information technology become loose. Although the transfer and exchange of information, and since there is only the human race thanks to the development of information technology and the scope of information transmission speed greater than ever before in history.
Based economic development of the modern world are based on very developed technology, innovation, knowledge and ramified infrastructure. IT and the Internet, have brought significant changes in the business environment of companies. There was an opportunity driven business in a new way, electronically, both within the company and outside of it. We are is primarily interested in,
how the banks and the banking system in the face of the new business environment and the ability to use information technology, responding to changes in the financial system in Serbia and other countries, as well as to find solutions to the increasingly complex demands of clients and business partners.
Information technology and its importance in modern business
The most widely understood term information technology points to the connection interdependence of computer technology and information systems. Most widely accepted definition of IT is the definition of the American Association for Information Technology, which is defined as "the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer information systems (IS), applications software and hardware." IT use computer technology to convert, store, protect, process, secure, send and receive information (www.wikipedia.org).Information technology includes various components of computer technology (hardware and software), telecommunications technology, NetWare, and groupware humanware.
In theory, Information Technology can be viewed in two ways - as subsystems of the information system, as well as a broader concept of information system. First way observation based on the assumption that the concept of an information system is significantly wider than the concept of information technology. International Federation of Data Processing (IFIP) defines information system as "a system that collects, stores, stores, processes and delivers information relevant to the organization and society, so that they are accessible and usable for everyone who wants to use them including management, customers, employees and others. Active information system is a social system that may, but need not, use information technology"( www.znanje.org). Another way of looking at based on the assumption that the concept of information technology expands the concept of information system because it includes, among other things, a set of computer-based information system for different purposes. Information system collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and sends the information to a specific purpose. Its main features components hardware (set of technical resources); software (a set of programs that enables the hardware to process data) database (a set of related files, tables and data) networks (communication system that allows the use of shared resources); procedures (instruction set by which it is carried, the activity), human resources (use and work with the systems used and the output data).
That the business system define your goals and direct their activities to achieve them, it is necessary to dispose of timely and accurate information systems. The goal of the information system must be aligned with the overall business objectives, ie. operation of their information systems needs to improve the functioning of the whole business system in order to achieve better business results. Therefore, the purpose of the information system is to ensure that the management structure is accurate and timely information for making decisions. Besides, we must justify the economic demand to perform all these tasks with low costs.
Electronic banking
Start e-banking is related to the first electronic transfer of money in 1860. , and it was conducted in the U.S. (Western Union Company), with the help of the telegraph. Thereafter wire transfer of money becomes common, and the 1918th U.S. Fedwire, one of the largest payment and settlement systems of today, the work began as a service for the wire transfer of money in the Federal Reserve System and the United States.
The development of electronic banking in the modern sense of the word began in the late sixties and early seventies. In the mid sixties of the twentieth century in the United Kingdom and the United States, the number of transactions in the banking industry grew to unprecedented proportions. In the United States at the beginning of the seventies of the twentieth century, the electronic banking
U.S. banks to their large customers provide information about the state of the account (and executed transactions) on the shortest and most effective way.
Along with EFT, also developed POS system (Point of Sale) and the concept of ATM (Automated Teller Machine). POS payment is allowed on the sale and ATM enabled the performance of almost all banking activities with the citizens outside the presence of, using computer terminals. All of these systems were usually developed independently, but are eventually integrated into what we now call electronic banking.
Electronic banking is a term used in information technology called the use of computers in banking. Providing banking services of many taking place with the support of computer and information technology. The mere appearance of electronic banking have caused the following factors:
Collision problem banks and bank service users;
Slowness finalize payment;
Cort pressure on banks.
Electronic banking is a process that allows customers to conduct business electronically. E-banking can be carried out via the Internet or through other specialized computer networks that do not even have to be based on Internet technologies and if the customer has an account with his information are password protected. E-banking is a time appeared in the form of automatic teller machines-and transactions over the phone. Not so long ago, the Internet as a new delivery channel for banking services using both banks and customers, it is transformed. Access to the Internet is fast, convenient, always available, no matter where the user is located. In addition, banks can provide services more efficiently and cost considerably less. E-banking also facilitates comparison of banking services and products which increase competition between banks, encouraging banks to penetrate into new markets expanding its geographic reach. Therefore, some even see electronic banking as an opportunity for countries with underdeveloped financial systems skipped developmental stages. Electronic banking and electronic money activities are firmly based on a technology that knows no geographical barriers. Banks that choose to provide services to clients in various national markets should meet national legal requirements and to understand national differences in anticipation and knowledge of products and services by customers. The development of e-banking took place in several stages:
Phase I: Stage initiative was a period where information and communication technology is