ribonuclease of, 271
tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 242 Pasteurella tularensis,
diaphorase of, 444
flavoprotein oxidases and, 346 Pathogens, high molecular weight sub
stances and, 258
Peas, pyridine nucleotide oxidase of, 436 Pectic acid, decomposition of, 297 Pectin, 258
cotton fibers and, 273 decomposition of, 284 Pectinase,
estimation of, 264 inducible, 271 Pectin esterases, 284 Pediococci,
catalase and, 455 evolution and, 456
glycerol utilization by, 429-430 Pediococcus, fermentation by, 72, 75 Pediococcus cerevisiae, catalase of,
342-343
Penicillium chrysogenum, glucose oxidation by, 251 tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 243 Pentose, 4
fermentation, 15-16, 102 cleavage and, 111-113 hexose synthesis and, 114-117 main pathway and, 118 Pentose phosphate,
cleavage of, 94-99
fermentation and, 104, 110, 119, 127 Pentose phosphate cycle,
occurrence of, 249-252 products of, 18-21 reactions of, 244-249
Pentose phosphate isomerase, fermenta
tion and, 117 Peptidase (s),
activation of, 301 liberation of, 269, 298
protein decomposition and, 267
562 SUBJECT INDEX Peptides, cell wall lysis and, 312
Permeability, respiratory inhibitors and, 370
Peroxidase (s),
cytochrome c and, 339 electron transfer and, 428-429 enediols and, 404
heat-stable, 343 occurrence of, 343
Peroxide, see Hydrogen peroxide pH,
2,3-butanediol fermentation and, 87-88, 90
diaphorase and, 445
fermentation and, 70-72, 84,85,96,130, 161
pyridine nucleotide peroxidase and, 437 Phage, cell wall lysis and, 313
o-Phenanthroline, mesaconase and, 164 Phenazine methosulfate,
photooxidation of, 468-469
photophosphorylation and, 402, 403, 470, 471, 473
succinic dehydrogenase and, 336 Phenol, tyrosine and, 180
Phenylalanine,
fermentation of, 153, 179-181 Stickland reaction and, 196, 197 Phenylcarbamate, luminescence and, 499 p-Phenylenediamine,
cytochrome oxidase and, 335, 369 peroxidase and, 339
Phenylglyoxalate, growth yield and, 41, 42
Phosphatases, 12, 16 alternate routes and, 11 Phosphate,
energy economy and, 9, 10 heparin hydrolysis and, 297
pyridine nucleotide peroxidase and, 438
Stickland reaction and, 198-199,201 Phosphate anhydrides, 5
fermentation and, 61-62 Phosphoenolpyru vate,
carboxylation of, 38 energy and, 14
fermentation and, 68, 106 formation of, 453 regeneration of, 12
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, 108
fermentation and, 106
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, 108 fermentation and, 106
6-Phosphogluconate, 94, 248 cleavage of, 104
decarboxylation of, 246 degradation of, 16-18 fermentation and, 97-100, 127 formation of, 16
oxidation of, 244-245
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrase, 21 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, 21
fermentation and, 98 6-Phosphogluconolactone, 94
fermentation and, 99
3-Phosphoglyceraldehyde, see Glyceral-dehyde -3 -phosphate
Phosphoglycerate,
chromatophores and, 471 electrode potential and, 349
fermentation and, 67, 68, 73, 81, 102, 104
racemase and, 76
Phosphoglyceric transphosphorylase, fermentation and, 97
Phosphoketolase, 21 energy and, 13, 15-16
fermentation and, 74, 98, 101, 113, 117 Phospholipid (s),
bacterial particles and, 377, 401 chromatophores and, 402 cytochrome and, 415
Phospholipoprotein, chromatophores and, 462, 463
Phosphomolybdate, 332 cytochrome c and, 331
Phosphorescence, definition of, 481 Phosphoric acid, cellulose and, 273 Phosphorylation,
anaerobic electron transport and, 453-454
oxidative, 322, 398-399 anaerobes and, 398-401
bacterial systems, 357-358, 378-380 coupled, 355-358
fermentation and, 61-62 phosphate acceptor and, 379 P/O ratios and, 357, 379 supernatant fraction and, 379
SUBJECT I N D E X 563 photosynthetic,
chromatophores and, 469-471 phosphate acceptor and, 401, 402
"poising" agents and, 402^03 reducing agents and, 472-473, 475 supernatant fraction and, 402 substrate-linked, 356, 400 Phosphotransacetylase, 199, 240
fermentation and, 86, 133 Photobacterium javanense,
extracts, luminescence of, 482 Photobacterium phosphorescens, 505 Photobacterium phosphoreumf
fermentation by, 84, 85 light measurement and, 480 synonyms of, 505
Photobacterium splendidum, luciferase of, 489
Photooxidation (s), aerobic, 463-464 quantum yield of, 415
Photophosphorylation, see Phosphoryla-tion, photosynthetic
Photosynthesis, bacterial,
efficiency of, 475 formulation of, 472-475 cytochromes and, 375
Physiculus japonicus, luminescent bac-teria and, 506
Picolinic acid, 194 Plakalbumin,
formation of, 303 peptides and, 303 Plasmin, hydrolysis of, 299 Pneumococci,
capsular polysaccharides, 260, 261 decomposition of, 294-295 cytochrome and, 393 enzyme liberation by, 269 hyaluronidase of, 290-291 lysis of, 311
metabolic contributions of, 5 peroxide and, 427
respiration of, 429
Polyethylene glycol, amylase formation and, 268
Polygalacturonate, decomposition of, 297 Polygalacturonidase, pectin and, 284 Poly -0-hydroxybuty rate, accumulation
of, 48
Polymers,
accumulation of, 48 degradation of, 151 energy and, 45-46 Polypeptides, 151
accumulation of, 48 Polyphenol oxidase, 426 Polyphosphates,
accumulation of, 48-49
"high-energy" bonds and, 357-358 Polysaccharide (s),
breakdown of, 272-285
capsular, decomposition of, 260, 261, 265,271,294-295
chromatophores and, 402, 462, 463 reducing sugars and, 266-267 synthesis, energy and, 46 Porta vaillantii, cellobiase of, 278 Porphyrin, Clostridia and, 79
Potatoes, pyridine nucleotide oxidase of, 436
Pressure, luminescence and, 489-490, 498-499
Proline,
fermentation of, 153, 175
Stickland reaction and, 195-197, 199, 200-201, 202
Proline peptides, collagenase and, 301 Prolylglycine, 304
Propionate, 5
amino acid fermentation and, 154-155, 160, 176-178, 202
fermentation and, 82,101-108,115,116, 123, 131-133, 135-138
formation, 102 pyruvate and, 37-39 glucose and, 13
nicotinic acid fermentation and, 194 purine fermentation and, 183, 189, 190 pyruvate and, 12, 24, 25
Propionibacterium,
fermentation by, 101,102,104,105,106, 115
succinic dehydrogenase of, 39 Propionibacterium arabinosum,
fermenta-tion by, 67, 103, 105, 106, 108, 115-116
Propionibacterium pentosaceum, cysteine and, 160
fermentation by, 102-103 growth yield of, 36, 37-39
564 SUBJECT INDEX succinic dehydrogenase of, 337
tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 242-243 Propionihacterium shermaniij
transcar-boxylase of, 107 Propionic acid bacteria,
evolution and, 456 fermentation by, 123, 154 metabolic contributions of, 5 pyruvate oxidation by, 24, 25 Protease (s), 260
activation of, 298, 306-307 extracellular, 268, 269
protein-mucopolysaccharides and, 266 Protein (s), 151, 258
antimycin A and, 370 biogenesis, 5
cytochromes and, 387, 405 decomposition of, 267 , 297-307 electrode potentials and, 351-352 light scattering and, 369
oxidative phosphorylation and, 357 starch granules and, 281
Proteus
fermentation by, 84
pyridine nucleotides and, 326 pyruvate oxidation by, 338 Proteus morganii,
cysteine and, 160
homocysteine and, 160-161 Proteus vulgaris,
amino acid oxidase of, 448 chrondroitin·sulfate and, 293 cysteine and, 160
cytochrome of, 385 difference spectrum of, 384 enzyme activities of, 7 particles, P/O ratios and, 379 pyruvate oxidation by, 22 pyruvic dehydrogenase of, 338 succinic dehydrogenase of, 337 terminal oxidase of, 372 tyrosine and, 180, 181
Protohemin, cytochromes and, 367, 389, 411
Protoplasts, lysis of, 377
Protothecas zopfii, carbon assimilation by, 48
Protozoa, tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 243
Pseudohemoglobin, 411-412 Pseudomonas, 274, 505
chitin and, 286 cytochrome of, 388, 389 glycine and, 169, 170 histamine and, 173
histidine degradation and, 27 oxygenation and, 322 peroxidase of, 343 propionate and, 156 pyruvate oxidation by, 338 tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 240 Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
blue pigment of, 413
cytochrome of, 387, 388, 390, 410, 412, 417
cytochrome oxidase of, 333, 334 isocitritase and, 239
nitrate reduction by, 340, 431, 345 pyridine nucleotides and, 325 sequential induction and, 236 succinic oxidase of, 345
Pseudomonas arabinosus, fermentation by, 102
Pseudomonas denitrificans,
cytochrome of, 387-391, 399, 401, 405, 410, 411, 417
cytochrome oxidase of, 334 cytochrome reductase of, 328 nitrate reduction by, 340, 416 Pseudomonas fiuorescens,
absorption spectrum of, 369 chrondroitin sulfate and, 293
cytochrome and, 346, 386,387, 391,410, 417
diaphorase of, 332 444, difference spectrum of, 384 fermentation by, 100, 128 flavoprotein oxidases of, 346 gluconate oxidation by, 338 glucose oxidation by, 338 growth yields of, 40-41 histidine and, 170, 171
hydrogen peroxide and, 339, 440 iron deficiency in, 391
nitrate reduction by, 346 particles of, 377
pyridine nucleotides and, 325, 326 respiratory chain and, 323 sequential induction and, 236 Pseudomonas formicans, fermentation by,
84,85
Pseudomonas hydrophilia, 87, 90
S U B J E C T I N D E X 565 chitin and, 286
fermentation by, 93
Pseudomonas icthyosmia, chitin and, 286 Pseudomonas lindneri,
carboxylase of, 92
fermentation by, 18,19, 66, 91, 99-100 growth yield of, 36
Pseudomonas nonliquefaciens, chondro
itin sulfate and, 293
Pseudomonas ovalisy chondroitin sulfate and, 293
Pseudomonas prunicola, pectinase of, 271, 284
Pseudomonas saccharophila, amylase of, 271, 282-283 fermentation by, 100 metabolic contributions of, 4 Pseudovitamin Β12 , 203
coenzyme form of, 167 Pulque, fermentation and, 99 Purines, 151
energy and, 7
fermentation of, 26,181-190, 202, 203 Pyocyanine,
electron transfer and, 426 photophosphorylation and, 470 Pyridine, 194
Pyridine hemochromogens, 387, 411 absorption spectra of, 367
Pyridine nucleotides, 344, 370, 398, see also Diphospho- and Triphospho
pyridine nucleotides chromatophores and, 463 glutathione reductase and, 449 hydrogenase and, 339
interconversion of, 325
nitrate reductase and, 341, 452-453 oxidation of, 426
photosynthetic bacteria and, 400 photosynthesis and, 473
P/O ratios and, 29
reduction, quantum requirement of, 475
respiratory chain and, 320, 326 Pyridine nucleotide oxidases,
comparison of, 434 cyanide insensitive, 370 types of, 430-436
6-Pyridone, nicotinic acid and,'194 Pyridoxal phosphate, homocysteine deg
radation and, 161
Pyrimidines, 151
fermentation of, 190-193, 202 l-Pyrophosphoryl-pentose-5-phosphate,
46
Pyruvate, 10, 41, 94, 179, 219 acetate synthesis and, 170 accumulation of, 11-12
alternate routes and, 11
amino acid fermentation and, 160,163, 169-170, 175-176, 202
aspartate degradation and, 159 carbon dioxide and, 170, 238 decarboxylation of, 351 dismutation of, 447 electrode potential and, 349
fermentation and, 64,66,68, 72-74, 78-82, 86, 89, 91-33, 99, 100, 102, 104, 106-108,112,113,116-118,120,121, 125, 127-131, 134
fermentation of, 103,105,106,108,154, 155, 167-168, 210, 244
formation of, 21-22, 102, 238 glycine fermentation and, 189 growth yield and, 37-39
hydrogen formation and, 353-354, 471-472
isotopic experiments and, 226, 249-250 lactate oxidase and, 448
lactic dehydrogenase and, 75 malonate and, 215-216, 222 mutants and, 238
oxidation, 7,203,214-216,221,231,338, 429, 453, 455
"clastic" cleavage and, 22-23, 83, 85 flavoprotein linked, 22-23
hydrogen acceptors and, 23-25 lipoic acid linked, 22-23 peroxide and, 428
phosphorylation and, 356, 469 purine fermentation and, 26, 189 pyrimidine fermentation and, 191 reduction of, 337-338, 451 respiratory chain and, 323 sequential induction and, 235 Stickland reaction and, 197, 198 Pyruvate carboxylase, 18, 19
Pyruvate kinase, fermentation and, 106 Pyruvate oxidase, 81
nature of, 446-447
phosphate-independent, 51 tocopherol and, 321
566 SUBJECT I N D E X Pyruvic dehydrogenase,
cytochrome linked, 338 lipoic acid and, 449 types of, 450-451
Q Quantum yield,
bacterial photosynthesis and, 475 photooxidation and, 415
Quinoline N-oximes, electron transfer and, 370
Quinolinic acid, 194 Quinone (s), 344
diaphorase and, 431, 442, 444-446 luciferase and, 487, 488
respiratory chain and, 341-342 Quinone reductase, 331
R
Reducing sugars, polysaccharides and, 266-267
Respiratory chain,
absorption spectra and, 368-369 artificial electron acceptors and,
341-342
components of, 320-322 environment and, 345-346 hydrogen peroxide and, 339-340 inhibitors and, 370
inorganic reductants and, 338-339 oxygen and, 369
reaction sequences and, 344-345 reconstruction of, 345
subdivision of, 326-339
"Respiratory control", bacterial systems and, 379
Rhamnose, formation of, 13 growth yield and, 39
Rhizobia, nitrate reduction by, 452 Rhizopus, fermentation by, 72, 75 Rhodopseudomonas spheroides,
blue-green mutant of, 467 catalase of, 343
chromatophores of, 462 cytochrome oxidase of, 334 cytochrome reductase of, 328 Rhodospirillum rubrum,
chromatophores of, 462-472
Rhodospirillum rubrum, ascorbate oxidation by, 463-464 cytochrome, 383, 387, 411
properties of, 409-410 cytochrome oxidase of, 334, 464 cytochrome reductase of, 328 heme protein of, 335-336, 411-412 nonheme iron of, 419
phosphorylation by, 400, 401, 469 photooxidation by, 414
pyridine nucleotide and, 465 tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 242, 243 Riboflavin, 327
electrode potential and, 349 lactate oxidase and, 447
luminescence and, 482, 486-487, 500 semiquinone of, 329
Ribonuclease,
cell contact and, 271 purification of, 311 streptococcal, 308 subtilisin and, 303 Ribonucleic acid, 5
bacterial particles and, 377, 378 oxidative phosphorylation and, 357 pentose phosphate cycle and, 251 Ribose, 94
fermentation of, 111, 112, 114, 118 formation of, 99, 251
growth yield and, 36 Ribose-5-phosphate, 248
fermentation and, 101, 114, 117 hexose monophosphate and, 246 pentose phosphate cycle and, 245, 247 Ribulose, 94
Ribulose-5-phosphate, 248 fermentation and, 97, 110, 117 formation of, 18, 245, 246 Rice, starch of, 281
Rickettsiae, tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 243
Rosindulin 2G, luminescence and, 487 Ruminants, methane and, 134, 145
S
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, see also Yeast coenzyme Q of, 321-322
glucose fermentation by, 70 growth yield of, 34-35
SUBJECT I N D E X 567 metabolic quotients of, 6
volutin and, 358
Safarine, luminescence and, 486-487 Safranine, acrylyl pantetheine and,
155-156 Salmonella,
fermentation by, 84 formate and, 86
Salmonella aertryke, succinate oxidation by, 337
Salmonella paratyphi, tricarboxylic acid cycle and, 242
Salmonella typhimurium, growth yield of, 34
Salmonella typhosa, tricar boy xlic acid cycle and, 242
Sarcina flava, lysis of, 311 Sarcina lutea,
cytochrome of, 383, 385, 386 difference spectrum of, 381, 384 light emission and, 479 lysis of, 311
terminal oxidase of, 372
Sarcosine, creatinine fermentation and, 28
Schardinger dextrins, 284
Sedoheptulose, fermentation of, 111, 119-121
Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, 94, 248 fermentation and, 101, 104, 116, 117 formation of, 246
Selenite, pyridine nucleotide peroxidase and, 438
Semiquinone(s),
electron transfer and, 330 old yellow enzyme and, 431 Seracin, 304
hydrolysis of, 305 Serine, 160
carbon dioxide and, 170
fermentation of, 153, 154, 175-176, 202 glycine fermentation and, 22, 169-170,
189
luminescent bacteria and, 491 purine fermentation and, 26 Stickland reaction and, 196, 197 tryptophanase and, 179 Serine dehydrase,
glycine fermentation and, 169 specificity of, 175
Serratia, fermentation by, 75, 87, 89 Serratia anolium, fermentation by, 89,90,
93
Serratia indica, fermentation by, 89, 90 Serratia kielensis, fermentation by, 88,89 Serratia marcescens, 286
fermentation by, 88, 89, 90, 93 particles, properties of, 376 pyridine nucleotides and, 326
Serratia plymuthicum, fermentation by, 88, 89, 90, 93
Sewage, 156, 275 methane and, 134, 135 Shigella, formate and, 86 Silage, fermentation of, 111 Silicomolybdate, 332
cytochrome c and, 331 Slime, accumulation of, 48
SN5949, photophosphorylation and, 471 Sodium chloride, luminescence and,
493-494
Sodium hydroxide, cellulose and, 273 Sonoluminescence, 481
Sorbitol, fermentation, of, 102
"Soret" bands, cytochromes and, 365-366,405
Sorghum, starch of, 281 Soybean,
nitrate reduction by, 416 nodules, pigment of, 413
Soybean trypsin inhibitor, bacterial pro-teases and, 305
Spinach,
enzyme activities of, 7 photophosphoryla,tion by, 470 Squid, luminescent bacteria and, 505 Staphylococci,
extracellular protease of, 303 hyaluronidase of, 271 lysis of, 312
metabolic contributions of, 5 Staphylococcus aureus,
cell wall lysis and, 312 deoxyribonuclease of, 309-310 heminless, 343
hyaluronidase of, 289-290 nitrate reduction by, 341 streptomycin-resistant, 346 Starch,
breakdown of, 280-284
568 SUBJECT I N D E X fermentation of, 76
granules, structure of, 281 Stickland reaction, 153,174,175
arginine and, 156-157 glycine and, 170
general considerations and, 195-196 organisms catalyzing, 195
oxidations and, 196-199 phosphorylation and, 454 reductions and, 199-201 Streptococci,
cytochrome and, 393
deoxyribonuclease of, 268, 308-309 evolution and, 456
fermentation by, 72, 75 glycolysis by, 50
heat-stable peroxidase of, 343 lysozyme of, 268
peroxidase of, 428 peroxide and, 427 protease of, 305-307 ribonuclease of, 308
Streptococcus agalactae, fermentation by, 76
Streptococcus allantoicus, pyrimidine fermentation by, 182, 193-194, 202 Streptococcus citrovorous, fermentation
by, 129
Streptococcus equi, deoxyribonuclease and, 309
Streptococcus faecalis, acetoin and, 93 arginine and, 157-158
cytochrome reductase of, 328, 331 diaphorase, 442
complex formation by, 445
isolation and properties of, 443-445 physiological significance of, 446 difference spectrum of, 384
diphosphopyridine nucleotide oxidase of, 428, 431-133, 442
diphosphopyridine nucleotide peroxi
dase of, 437-441 doubling time of, 6
energy-rich bonds and, 429-430 fermentation by, 20, 73, 74, 100, 122,
125-128, 131
glycerol oxidation by, 455
α-glycerophosphate oxidase of, 448 growth yield measurements and, 33,
34-37
lipid extracts of, 446
lipoic dehydrogenase and, 449 menadione reductase of, 332 metabolic quotients of, 6 peroxidase of, 436-437
pyruvate oxidation by, 22, 354-355, 456
respiration of, 428, 429 Streptococcus haemolyticus,
arginine and, 157 hyaluronidase of, 271, 289 lysis of, 312, 313
Streptococcus lactis, arginine and, 157 fermentation by, 72, 129
Streptococcus liqeufacines, fermentation by, 73, 76
Streptococcus mastitidis, 76 peroxidase of, 436, 441 respiration of, 429 Streptococcus mitis,
sulfathiazole-resistant, peroxidase of, 436
Streptococcus paracitrovorous, fermenta
tion by, 129-130 Streptococcus phosphoreus, 505
Streptococcus pyogenes, fermentation by, 76
Streptococcus viridans, deoxyribonuclease and, 308
Streptococcus zymogenes, fermentation by, 130
Streptokinase, 308 Streptomyces,
chitinase of, 271, 287-288 glucose oxidation by, 251
Streptomyces albus, cell wall lysis and, 312
Streptomyces fradiae, cytochrome reduc
tase of, 328 Streptomycin,
resistance, respiration and, 346 Subtilisin,
discovery of, 301 properties of, 303 Succinate, 25, 38, 370
acetate condensation and, 218-219 acetate oxidation and, 232-233 amino acid fermentation and, 152,154,
156, 158
bacterial cytochromes and, 375
SUBJECT I N D E X 569 carrier experiments and, 223-225
citrate oxidation and, 214 coenzyme Q and, 322 cytochrome and, 390 decarboxylation of, 106-107 dicarboxylic acid cycle and, 233-235 electrode potential and, 348, 349 electron transfer and, 211-213 energy-coupling and, 30
fermentation and, 64, 69, 70, 82, 84, 85, 88-90, 101, 102, 103, 105-109, 115, 119-123, 129, 130, 136
formation of, 215-217, 239 growth yield and, 40-41
isotopic experiments and, 225-230 malonate and, 222
mutants and, 237
oxidation, 220-221, 336-337, 348, 350, 375, 376 , 386, 437
free-energy and, 352-353
phosphorylations and, 356, 357 , 469, 470, 472, 474
photooxidation of, 464-465 photoreduction and, 472
pyrimidine fermentation and, 190, 192 respiratory chain and, 323
sequential induction and, 235-236 Succinic dehydrogenase, 325, 402
bacterial particles and, 376, 378 cyclic mechanisms and, 215 electrode potential and, 349-351 flavin and, 327
localization of, 472 malonate and, 216, 217 nature of, 336
potential differences and, 39 respiratory chain and, 322 succinoxidase and, 345 Succinic oxidase, 378
methylene blue and, 342 nature of, 375
reconstruction of, 345
Succinic thiokinase, relative activities of, 7
Succinyl-methylmalonyl coenzyme A isomerase, 5
Sucrose,
fermentation of, 76, 102 luciferase synthesis and, 494·
sequential induction and, 235 Sucrose phosphorylase, 4
Sulfanilamide, luminescence and, 499 Sulfate, 151
activation of, 419 cytochromes and, 375 reduction, 401
cytochrome and, 418-419 respiratory chain and, 340-341 Sulfate reductase, substrate of, 341 Sulfhydryl groups,
energy economy and, 10 proteases and, 298-300 Sulfite,
fermentation and, 71,103,109,118,123 oxidation of, 339
reduction of, 399, 418
respiratory chain and, 340-341 Τ
Tartrate, 41
Temperature, luminescence and, 489-490, 498-499
Termobacterium mobile, 99 Teropterin, 450
Tetradecanal, luminescence and, 489 Tetrahydrofolic acid, 5, 27, 138
glycine fermentation and, 22, 169 purine fermentation and, 26,187,188 Tetrahydrofolic formylase, characteris
tics, of, 188
Tetrathionate, reduction of, 341, 399, 418 Tetrolate, fermentation and, 81
Tetronate, fermentation and, 81 Thermoluminescence, 481 Thiamine, fermentation and, 89
Thiobacillus denitrificans, respiratory chain and, 339
Thioctic acid, see Lipoic acid
Thioethanol, photophosphorylation and, 470
Thiosemicarbazide, fermentation and, 71 Thiosulfate,
reduction of, 399, 418
respiratory chain and, 339-341 Threonine, 160
aspartate and, 159
fermentation of, 153,154,176-178, 202 serine dehydrase and, 175
Stickland reaction and, 196, 197 Threonine dehydrase, sources of, 176 Threose, fermentation of, 121
570
SUBJECT INDEX Thunberg condensation, 218-219, 225,229, 230, 233-235, 240