Introduction
Because a scene of rural people in the world as “Smallholders still dominate agricultural systems in developing countries and they are still the key to food security. The country has transformed - from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country by 2010. (Vietnam MPI, 2015).
Literature review
Approaches of rural development study
- Sectoral approach, Farming systems research (FRS) approaches,
- Concepts of the “three pillar” and Collective action
It is simply about using collective measures for the process of rural development (see Figure 1), while we need to promote rural empowerment. The role of collective action: increasingly analyzed also in the context of agriculture and rural development.
Theoretical framework of rural development and inner-cross aspects of
- General frame of rural areas concepts
- Evolution of study about rural development
- Concepts of Sustainable development
This definition is based on the Bruntland Commission's definition of sustainable development and its name is SARD - sustainable agricultural and rural development. The concepts of the three pillars are correlated with the concepts of rural areas, rural development and sustainable development in the theoretical framework of this thesis.
Practical framework about rural development study in Vietnam and
- Overview of sustainable rural development in Vietnam
- Rural development policy in Europe Union (EU) from the past to the
- Expert’s argumentation
It can provide learning lessons for rural development policy decision-making in Vietnam. Because they reflect all aspects of the study of rural development (bottom-up approach, multi-sectoral approach, search for specific advantages of each territory, local strategies for sustainable development).
Objectives of the PhD dissertation
Hypotheses of the study
After adequate preparation of the research in this dissertation, I propose three hypotheses, such as designing a plan for data analyzes in the Results and Evaluation chapter.
Explanation for nomenclature used in Hypotheses
- Some aspects of Sustainable rural livelihoods
- Definition of Quality of Life
In the next step, this PhD thesis brings together more academic terms such as sustainable livelihoods, quality of life. The definition of quality of life is the next finding for nomenclature of hypotheses in this PhD thesis.
Materials and Methods
Methodology in desk research
Survey research in Hong Lac commune
In order to evaluate and analyze the survey research data, I used qualitative and quantitative statistical methods. The survey research report will include in the Results and Evaluation chapter of this doctoral dissertation.
Scientific methods in social sciences used for rural development study
Descriptions always depend on the perceptions, inclinations, sensibilities, and sensibilities of the describer (e.g., Emerson, Fretz, & Shaw, 1995; Giorgi, 1992; Wolcott, 1994)”; Knierim et al., (2010), based on the strategic approach of EU rural development policy, included the step 'National or regional programs are developed on the basis of SWOT analysis' as a new tool for assessing European rural development . policy. Therefore, the SWOT analysis is an essential programming step of the basic strategic RD approach.
R (Ihaka and Gentleman 1996; R Core Development Team 2004) is a free, open source implementation of the S statistical computing language and programming environment.” (Fox, 2005). Two clusters of six regions were created using the above 19 variables in a k-means cluster analysis process and a hierarchical cluster analysis plot.
Results and the Evaluation
Statistics in agriculture and rural development in Vietnam
To interpret the context of the Sustainable Development Strategy 2011-2020 and the socio-economic development plan (SED plan) in Vietnam, this section presents a view of agriculture and rural development in Vietnam. In fact, the definition of agriculture in Vietnam includes not only crop and livestock production, but also forestry and fishing. Not only did the agricultural sector's share of GDP decline, but the share of agricultural employment in the labor force also declined in Vietnam.
The fact that the achievements of agricultural development in Vietnam were comprehensively reflected through the successful opening of its economy to international trade. In this doctoral dissertation, the application of SWOT analysis is an easy method to enter the general situation of agricultural production in Vietnam.
Building new rural areas in Vietnam and learning lessons from the rural
- Discussion about National target programme in building new rural
- Finding measurement of RDPs in the EU period 2007-2013 to collect
The higher rate of poverty in rural areas than in urban areas is still a heavy burden for the implementation of the national program aimed at building new rural areas in Vietnam. Therefore, agriculture and rural development are two sides of the same issue for the construction of new rural areas. The national program intended for the construction of new rural areas during the period was approved by the Prime Minister according to Decision No.
Until 2011 generally do programming/planning to build new rural districts throughout the country. Some achievements such as the July 1, 2016 Census of National target program to build new rural areas period 2011-2015. Cluster analysis and linear regression by type criteria for national target program building new rural areas in regions.
The positive effects of the results of the national program aimed at building new rural areas had affected the rural economy.
Mathematical calculations for a survey research in Hong Lac commune
- Introduction of a survey research in Hong Lac commune
- Results of the survey research in Hong Lac commune
Structure of agricultural production in Hong Lac Municipality (dataset from own survey studies in 2014 and 2017). Results of the national target program for building new rural areas according to types of national criteria in Hong Lac Municipality. Living conditions of rural residents in Hong Lac Municipality (Dataset of own survey research in 2014 and 2017).
The accredited results of the national target program for building new rural areas period 2011-2015 in Hong Lac Municipality. Descriptive Analysis of Awareness and Evaluation for National Target Program to Build New Rural Areas in Hong Lac Municipality.
Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions
Finding the visible results of sustainable rural development is the objective of this doctoral dissertation. Sustainability and sustainable development are effective ethical concepts that express desirable outcomes from economic and social decisions. In my opinion, "Problems of 'rethinking sustainability'" is a new critical view to consider the recommendations of this PhD dissertation.
I recognize that sustainable rural development is the needs of rural areas, even the progress of achieving overall goals may conflict with the natural well-being of rural residents under three socio-economic and environmental pillars. In summary, the sustainable rural development is a significant solution for any rural areas if it takes into account three pillars of economic - social - environmental aspects in an effective synergy and interactive scheme among the country's efforts such as sustainable development strategies and RDPs.
Recommendation on policymaking
- Learning lessons derived from the RDPs period 2007-2013 in the EU
- Finding effective impacts for policy making of building new rural
Unlocking the potential of the rural economy is not only a national requirement for individual countries, but also an international one, as it will facilitate more sustainable resource use, contribute to reduced poverty and global stability and reduce migration pressure." The EU supports countries and institutions to solve numerous challenges and seize the opportunities to promote their development. These priorities are in line with the objectives of the PhD topic: to find special conditions of building new rural areas and its impact on sustainable rural development in Vietnam. The second proposal was, that "Strategies for the development of agriculture and rural areas require situation analyzes and needs assessments.
Based on these proposals, I recommend that governments verify the organizational scheme of agricultural and rural development policies. In which the organizational tasks should be divided into two dimensions "coordination of multi-sector entities (public, private and third partner) and the implementation of programs to help different rural communities, farmers". groups and families towards improved farm systems and livelihoods.
New scientific results
The newly established initiatives (1 and 2) have been verified by adjusting the implementation of the national criteria in the National Target Program for Building New Rural Areas in Vietnam in the period 2011-2015. That is why the National Target Program for the construction of new rural areas period 2010-2020 with a first phase in the years 2011-2015 is an innovative contribution greatly to the triangular model of agriculture, farmers and rural areas under the reorientation to sustainable agricultural development and sustainable rural development. in Vietnam. The National Target Program for Building New Rural Areas in Vietnam is not only to provide new socio-economic infrastructure to improve living conditions, but it is also a program for empowerment of rural residents through their endogenous capabilities.
From my own survey research in the Hong Lac Commune, I think that a feasible strategy to modernize and industrialize agriculture and rural areas in Vietnam is also a restructuring of the agricultural sector in connotation. In summary, the National target program in building new rural areas continues its unit innovation in the second phase and vision to year 2030 in rural areas in Vietnam.
Summary
Therefore, all the visible results of the 2016 National Agriculture Census related to the national program aimed at building new rural areas in Vietnam were the background for testing hypothesis 2 in this doctoral dissertation. The most important result of this targeted national program is a rural physical infrastructure built according to national criteria to renew the socio-economic and environmental dimensions in the country's rural areas. This is a positive impact to distribute for sustainable rural development in rural areas in Vietnam.
The survey research settled in Hong Lac commune in two times of the year 2014 and 2017 to make an experiment for the research objectives of PhD dissertation with the topic "The construction of new rural areas and its impact on sustainable rural development in Vietnam". The sustainable rural development is a significant solution for any rural areas if it takes into account three pillars of economic - social - environmental aspects in an effective synergy and in interactive scheme among the country's efforts such as sustainable development strategies and rural development programs.
Acknowledgements
Bibliography
URL: < http://enrd.ec.europa.eu/enrd-static/themes/rural-urban- linkages/en/rural-urban-linkages_en.html>. URL: Own rapid research for results of national target program to build new rural areas in Hong Lac municipality. Online] Appendix Establishment of a management committee of municipal leaders for the program for the construction of new rural areas in municipality f. There is an opinion that saying “Building new rural areas” has more positive consequences than negative consequences. Can you please provide your assessment below of the impact of “Building New Rural Areas” on these issues? Do you agree that the government and the rural population should focus on investment to "build new rural areas". Do you plan to participate or continue to participate in the "Building New Rural Areas" progress. Reviews of Sustainable Rural Development in the field of Construction of new rural areas in Vietnam. Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy; László Vasa (2020): A new approach to rural development in Vietnam: Evaluation of the targeted national program for the construction of new rural areas, 2011-2015. Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy; Bernadett Horváthné Kovács and László Vasa (2015): Rural development in Vietnam - specific scope for environmental sustainability. Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy (2015): Eradicating hunger and reducing poverty - Finding an opportunity for sustainability in Vietnam. Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy (2018): Regional development in Hungary and a view on policy making in Vietnam. Short professional CVQuestionnaire about the role of rural residents who take part
Questionnaire about evaluation for the implementation of the
Publications in the topic of PhD dissertation
