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Further GIS solution for the better definition of the geographical/landscape boundaries

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Further GIS solution for the better definition of geographical/landscape

boundaries

1

Mezősi, Gábor – Bata,Teodóra

University of Szeged

Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics

Warsawa, 2011. 09. 15.

Project: TÁMOP-4.2.2/B-10/1-2010-0012

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Contents

Landscape from different approaches

Problems with the boundary of the landscape Applied method

- fuzzy logic

- selected data sets

2

- selected data sets

- why homogenity (heterogenity, riverse) Results

- delineation of landscape boundary - from statistical point of view

Verification

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There are so many different explanations of landscape, is it really important to speak about the „exact” spatial

position of the boundaries?1

- One of the most important fundamental spatial category in geography

- Therefore it would be scientific content – careful application of the methods → similar results (landscape boundaries)

of the methods → similar results (landscape boundaries)

- the landscape planners, developers and managers would like to see boundary (with defined errors)

So --- IMPORTANT

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There are so many different explanations of landscape, is it really important to speak about the „exact” spatial

position of the boundaries?2

Landscape from our interpretation: integrated unit, based on physical nature, but the social (eg. cultural, ethnical)

,,factors” has important role (Pusta Hortobágy in Hungary – natural versus cultural landscape – animal husbandry). The natural versus cultural landscape – animal husbandry). The primary character defined by the physical parameters, so: no real integration (not highly integrated).

Problems

Lot of different „landscape”: eg. based on vegetation, geomorphology, on ethnical coherence, defined from esthetical, functional units

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Problems with the boundaries

- Boundaries depend on the content - Let see only one parameter

- Pattern are highly different – patches cannot be fully overlain

fully overlain - Errors

- a. spatial

- b. of content because of the integration

Delineation would be important

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Lithology and the boundary1

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Vegetation and the boundary2

8 2012.01.19.

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Method1

1. For the boundaries the concept of ecotone

was applied (transit zone with different width) 2. Fuzzy method seems logical solution for the

evaluation of boundaries – using ArcGIS evaluation of boundaries – using ArcGIS 3. Database

- list of applied parameters

- values of homogenity

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Method2

Fuzzy logic: an element of a set (boundary) in some measure belongs to the „neighboring” sets.

Landscapes as soft sets

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A fuzzy halmazoknál alkalmazott számítás úgy írható le, hogy:

- 30 % homogenitási értéknél kevesebb értékű területek = határzónák halmaza (x=1),

- 70 % homogenitási értéknél nagyobb értékű területek = homogén táji magok halmaza (x=0), - Az ezektől eltérő homogenitási értékű területek olyan új értéket kapnak, amely azt mutatja, hogy az hány százalékban tartozik az egyik illetve a másik halmazhoz(0<x<1).

Application of fuzzy logic

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Method3

lithology soil type of vegetation orography

Number of categories

9 9 10 8

659 1701 109 480

Database

4 landscape forming factor was selected (lithology, relief, soil, vegetation)

Sensitivity of data selection - similar number of units

- same type of data-types (scalar, nominal, interval) Sources of homogenity data

Number of patches 659 1701 109 480

Mean area of patches km2

141.2 54.7 4861.4 123.7

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Analysis of homogenity

Lithology

Egy kistájon belül az egyes tájalkotó tényezők különböző típusainak százalékos megjelenése.

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Result of fuzzy analysis using four parameters

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A statisztikai vizsgálatokban a szerint a fuzzy átlagos értéke: 0,64.

Az eredményadatokat négy kategóriába csoportosítottuk:

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- A 0 fuzzyértékű területek a felszín 80 %-át fedik és tekinthetőek a tájak

„magjainak”.

- Másfelől 1-es fuzzy értékű területek a felszín közel 5 %-át foglalják el, amelyek mentén a fenti tényezők alapján határ nem húzható.

- Ezen túl mintegy 15 %-nyi az ezen értékek közötti átmenet.

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A Kiskunsági - löszöshát

-DNy-i részén bizonytalan a határ

- nagyobb területű inhomogén foltok kérdése (amelynek 0,9 fuzzy értékéhez mindenütt alacsony homogenitás tartozik)

- érhető, ha a vegetáció alapján néhányan a tájhatár módosítását javasolják

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Kelet - Külső Somogy

D-en kis homogenitású terület - tájhatár nem egyértelműen azonosítható

A mintegy 6 km-es sáv a talaj nem következetes csoportosításból adódhat

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The degree of definition can also be interpreted as the degree at which landscape units, being integrated from the complex of landscape forming factors, transfer original information.

About 30 % of the small landscapes are good defined About 30 % of the small landscapes are good defined

from statistical point of view

those landscape units were considered more well- defined from a geographical aspect, which were

homogeneous in terms of the investigated controlling

variables.

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Statistically well-defined landscape units based on three landscape forming elements. 1 – homogeneity of each element exceeds 90 %, 2 – homogeneity of each element is between 70 and 90 %.

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New GIS based boundaries and the traditional boundaries of geographical meso-regions

73 % of the newly defined boundaries (having a total length of 4500 km) coincided with the buffer zones of meso-scale regions.

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Thank you for your attention!

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Thank you for your attention!

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