Here we describe the effects of Fusarium-infection on the accumulation of three macroelemets in the kernels of two maize genotypes of different sensitivity .
Fusarium toxins, mostly trichothecenes produced by different Fusarium species, accumulate in kernels of cereals rendering them unsuitable for consumption. Contaminated grains cause a number of diseases both in mammals and plants. Mycotoxins can be abundant in the kernels in wet years when high humidity is advantageous for the epidemic of Fusarium head blight.
10 μm
1 Szilvia Brunner, 1 Ágnes Vashegyi, 1 Andrea Pető, 2 Ákos Mesterházy, 1 László Erdei
1 Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
2 Cereal Research Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
Effects of Fusarium strains of different agressivity on macroelement composition in kernels of maize genotypes
Plant material:
• Zea mays L. cv. Sarolta - Fusarium resistant
• Zea mays L. cv. Boglár - Fusarium sensitive Treatments: infected with
• Fusarium graminearum
• Fusarium culmorum
• Fusarium verticillioides
Detection of macroelement (K
+, Ca
2+and Mg
2+):
quantified by polarized Zeeman atomic absorption spectrophotometer
Statistical analysis: means SD.,
Conclusions
These results indicate for the first time that intensity of infection depended on the Fusarium species. Most aggressive was F. graminearum, followed by F. culmorum and F. verticillioides. Intensive changes in concentracions were observed for , K + , and Ca 2+ , but Mg 2+ levels were more stable.
50 μm
Acknowledgements. Our project HURO/0901/147/2.2.2 was implemented under the Hungary-Romania Cross-border Co-operation Programme 2007-2013 co-financed by the EU ERDF.
The content of this publication does not necessarily represent the official position of the European Union.
Results
The element concentrations of , K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ were higher in the infected kernels compared to the control ones, probably due to the difference in tissue composition of the related kernels: in the infected ones the surface and possibly aleuron layers compose higher proportion while containing less endosperm.
Control - 36 kernels 10 g
Infected -80 kernels 10 g
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Base Middle Apex
µmol K g-1DM-1
SAROLTA
C Fg Fc Fv
0 50 100 150 200 250
Base Middle Apex
µmol K g-1DM-1
BOGLÁR C
Fg Fc Fv
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Base Middle Apex
µmol K g-1DM-1
SAROLTA C
Fg Fc Fv
0 100 200 300 400 500
Base Middle Apex
µmol K g-1DM-1
BOGLÁR
C Fg Fc Fv
0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50
Base Middle Apex
µmol Ca g-1DM-1
SAROLTA
C Fg Fc Fv
0,00 0,20 0,40 0,60 0,80 1,00 1,20 1,40 1,60
Base Middle Apex
µmol Ca g-1DM-1
BOGLÁR
C Fg Fc Fv
0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 3,00 3,50
Base Middle Apex
µmol Ca g-1DM-1
SAROLTA
C Fg Fc Fv
0,000 0,500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000
Base Middle Apex
µmol Ca g-1DM-1
BOGLÁR
C Fg Fc Fv
0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0
Base Middle Apex
µmol Mg g-1DM-1
SAROLTA C
Fg Fc Fv
0 20 40 60 80 100
Base Middle Apex
µmol Mg g-1DM-1
BOGLÁR C
Fg Fc Fv
0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0 100,0
Base Middle Apex
µmol Mg g-1DM-1
SAROLTA
C Fg Fc Fv
0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0 100,0
Base Middle Apex
µmol Mg g-1DM-1
BOGLÁR
C Fg Fc Fv
Introduction
The main types of the
Fusariumtoxin trichothecenes (Foroud and Eudes 2009).
Aim
Effects of Fusarium infection on K+ concentration in maize kernels (from the middle part of the cob). Comparison of two sampling dates and 3 Fusarium species (Fg, Fc, Fv) in 2 maize genotypes. Mean +- S.D., n = 9.
Effects of Fusarium infection on Ca2+ concentration in maize kernels (from the middle part of the cob). Comparison of two sampling dates and 3
Fusarium species (Fg, Fc, Fv) in 2 maize genotypes. Mean+- S.D., n=9
Effects of Fusarium infection on Mg2+ concentration in maize kernels (from the middle part of the cob). Comparison of two sampling dates and 3
Fusarium species (Fg, Fc, Fv) in 2 maize genotypes. Mean+- S.D., n= 9.
K+ concentration gradients along the maize ear as affected by Fusarium strains Upper row: samples at 26 August, lower row:
samples at 13 September, 2011.
Ca2+ concentration gradients along the maize ear as affected by Fusarium strains Upper row: samples at 26 August, lower row:
samples at 13 September, 2011.
Mg2+ concentration gradients along the maize ear as affected by Fusarium strains Upper row: samples at 26 August, lower row:
samples at 13 September, 2011.
Methods of study
Control and Fusarium graminearum – infected maize genotype „Sarolta”
Volume (and surface) relations of control and Fusarium–
infected maize kernels
Funding:TÁMOP-4.2.2/B-10/1-2010-0012 project Contact: brunner.szilu@gmail.com
Reference: Foroud NA, Eudes F. (2009) Trichothecenes in cereal grains. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 10:147-173.
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