TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ NAPOCA, ROMANIA
UNIVERSITY OF NYÍREGYHÁZA, HUNGARY
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CONFERENCE
12th EDITION
MAY 24-26, 2017 PAPERS
Baia Mare, ROMANIA Nyíregyháza, HUNGARY
2017
THE HONORARY PRESIDENT OF THE CONFERENCE PAY Eugen, Ph.D., Dr. H.C. Technical University Cluj Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare
THE PRESIDENT OF THE CONFERENCE SIKOLYA László C.Sc. University of Nyíregyháza, Hungary
THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ABRUDAN loan, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
BÁLC Nicolae Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
BONDREA loan, Ph.D., Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania
BOLO§ Vasile, Ph.D., “Petru Maior” University of Tärgu Mure§, Romania
BERCE Petru, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
BRYCHTA Josef, Ph.D., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republik
CAR Zlatan, Ph.D., University of Rijeka, Croatia
CEP Robert, Ph.D., VSB Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republik
COTETIU Adriana, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
CSIZMADIA Béla, D.Sc., “Szent István” University, Gödöllő, Hungary
DUDÁS Illés, D.Sc., University of Miskolc, Hungary
GAFIJANU Mihai, Ph.D., “Gh. Asachi” University, Iasi, Romania
GHIONEA Adrian, Ph.D., “Politehnica” University Bucharest, Romania
GROZAV Sorin, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
HATALA Michal, Ph.D., Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia
JULA A ure/Ph.D., “Transilvania” University Brasov, Romania KALÁCSKA Gábor, Ph.D., “Szent István University of Gödöllő, Hungary
KALMÁR Imre, C.Sc., University of Nyíregyháza, Hungary KAPOLNEK Wojciech, Ph.D. University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland
KÁTAI László, Ph.D. “Szent István” University of Gödöllő, Hungary
KEREKES Benedek, C.Sc., University of Nyíregyháza, Hungary
KŐKÉNYESSI, Alexander D.Sc., University of Debrecen, Hungary
KOZAC Drajan, Ph.D., J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
KURIC Ivan, Ph.D., University of Zilina, Slovakia
LEGUTKO Stanislaw, D.Sc., University of Technology Poznan, Poland
LOBONJIU Mircea, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
MARINESCU loan, Ph.D., University of Toledo, Ohio, U.S.A.
MÁTHÉ Endre, Ph.D., University of Debrecen, Hungary MÂNDRU Dan Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
MÂSÂLAR Liviu, Ph.D., University of Liège, Belgium
MOCAN Marian, Ph.D. University Politehnica Timisoara, Romania
MONKA Peter, Ph.D. Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia NADOLNY Krzysztof Ph.D. University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland
NAGtf Gheorghe, Ph.D., “Gh. Asachi” University, Iasi, Romania
NEDEFF Valentin, Ph.D., University of Bacau, Romania OPRUJA Dan, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
PATKÓ Gyula, Ph.D., University of Miskolc, Hungary PÁY Gábor, PhD., University of Nyíregyháza, Hungary POP-SITAR Petricà, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
POPESCU Daniela Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
RACOCEA Cezar, Ph.D., “Gh. Asachi” University, Iasi, Romania
ROMAN Viorel, Ph.D., University of Bremen, Germany REHOR Jan, Ph.D. University of West Bohemia in Plzen, Czech Republic
ROKOSZ Krzysztof Ph.D. University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland
SAGA Milan, Ph.D., University of Zilina, Slovakia
SAMARDZIC Ivan, Ph.D., J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
SÂVESCU Dan Ph.D., “Transilvania” University Brasov, Romania
SÇP Jarostaw, Ph.D. Rzeszów University of Technology, Poland
SIMON László, D.Sc., University of Nyíregyháza, Hungary STACHOWICZ Feliks, Ph.D., Rzeszów University of Technology, Poland
STOIC Antun, Ph.D., University of Applied Sciences of Slavonki Brod, Croatia
STRÂJESCU Eugen, Ph.D., “Politehnica” University Bucharest, Romania
SUCIU Nicolae, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
SZABÓ István, Ph.D., “Szent István” University, Gödöllő, Hungary
TÂNÂSESCU Florin, Ph.D. “Politehnica” University Bucureçti, Romania
TOPA, Vasile Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
TURKÁLJ Goran, Ph.D., University of Rijeka, Croatia UNGUREANU Nicolae, Ph.D., Technical University Cluj Napoca, Romania
VAGVÖLGYI Sándor C.Sc. University of Nyíregyháza, Hungary
VÉHA Antal, C.Sc., University of Szeged, Hungary
ZAJAC Josef, PhD., Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia ZAPCIU Miron, Ph.D., “Politehnica” University Bucharest, Romania
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE NORTH UNIVERSITY OF BAIA MARE
PAY Eugen Ph.D., Dr. H.C.
COTETIU Radu, Ph.D.
UNGUREANU Nicolae, Ph.D.
LOBONTIU Mircea, Ph.D.
Technical University of Cluj-Napoca North University Center in Baia Mare Faculty of Engineering
Dr. V. Babes Street, No.62A, RO-430083, Baia Mare, Romania Phone: 00-40-362-401265/202 Fax: 0040-262-276153 e-mail: unicu@ubm.ro
COLLEGE OF NYÍREGYHÁZA SIKOLYA László, C.Sc.
PÁY Gábor, PhD.
KEREKES Benedek, C.Sc.
University of Nyíregyháza
Institute of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences Kótaji Str. 9-11, P.O.Box.166
4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary Phone: 00-36 -42-599-434 e-mail: aaborD@nvf.hu
ISSN 1224-3264
ORGANIZED BY:
fllP
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITYOF CLUJ- NAPOCA, ROMANIA
UNIVERSITY OF NYÍREGYHÁZA, HUNGARY
ROMANIAN TECHNICAL ACADEM Y OF SCIENCE
SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION ON MACHINE INDUSTRY, HUNGARY
ROMANIAN GENERAL ASSOCIATION OF ENGINEERS
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONFERENCE
12th EDITION 24-26 May, 2017 Nyíregyháza - Baia Mare HUNGARY - ROMANIA
CONTENT
AL-M ALIKI Hayder, KALÁCSKA Id á m , SUKUM ARAN Jacob
3D Topographical evaluation by using the coherence correlation interferometry (CCI) technique for engineering polymers treated by DBD plasma
7
ANTAL Tamás, TAREK-TILISTYÁK Judit, SIKOLYA László
Comparison of Hot-Air-, Vacuum- and Freeze Drying for Elderberry- and Sour Cherry Pomace Preservation
12
BARCZIAttila, SZA LA IDániel, N A G Y Valeria
Utilization of the Fermentation Residue From Biogas Plants to Agricultural Lands in Hungary
18
C O TE JÍU Adriana, COSMA Marius
Integration in the Labor Market of Graduates of Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Economical Engineering Study Program
23
C O TE JIU Radu, ALEXANDRESCU Marius, C O TE JIU Adriana
New Challenges in the Design of Technologies and Products in the new Eco and Biology of Machines Era
27
D RENJA Raul, UNGUREANUNicolae, BÁN IC ÁM ihai
The Development of tehnologycal diffusion patterns 31
GROBELNYPavel., FU RM AN SK ILukasz., LEGUTKO Stanislaw
Selected Parameters of Surface Topography of Hot Working Tool Steel (1.2709) Manufactured with the Use of 3D Print
36
GROZA V Sorin Dumitru, CECLAN Vasile Adrian
Determination of the contact surface on orbital deformation 40
KALMÁR Imre, KO VÁC S Zoltán, KALMÁRNÉ VASS Eszter, LAJTO S IstvánMeasuring instrument development for control of orchard sprayers 44
KEREKES BenedekResearch and development Activity at the University of Nyíregyháza 50
K O V Á C S R ó b e rtn é
A review of waste pre-treatment methods to enhance anaerobic digestion 54
M O L N Á R R ichard, D E Z S Ő G ergely
Dimensioning and airflow simulation of the wing of an ultralight aircraft 60
M O N K O V A K ata rin a , M O N K A P eter, H R IC Slavom ir, U R B A N M a r é k
Comparison of Natural Frequencies Evaluated Experimentally and Numerically 65
N IE M IE C Witold, S T A C H O W IC Z F e lik s, T R Z E P IE C IN S K I Tornász, W Ó J C IK M a rta
Land-Applying Municipal Sludge in Energetic Willow Plantations 69
R A V A I-N A G Y Sándor, VLAD D a n ie l Io sif, T A M A IA N D a n ie l C ristian, S Z A Z V A I A ttila
Experimental studies on tapered hole manufacturing using roll-form taps 73
S A M U E L A lin a D ora, B L ID A R C ristian F elix, C IO B A N U C am elia
Soil Enzyme Activities As Indicators Of Preluvosoil Quality 77
S A R A N K Ó Á d á m , K A L Á C S K A G ábor, K E R E S Z T E S R ó b e r t
Developed polymer pin-on-disc test system for fatigue-sliding models 83
S T A C H O W IC Z F eliks, W Ó JC IK M arta, T R Z E P IE C IN S K I Tornász
The cost-effectiveness analysis of biomass ashes application in sewage sludge management
87
Utilization of the Fermentation Residue From Biogas Plants to Agricultural Lands in Hungary
Attila BARCZI1* - Dániel SZALAI2 - Valeria NAGY3
Abstract: The wide presence o f biogas plants as facilities using organic wastes and by-products to generate energy now seems to warrant attention urgently to the land application o f by-products from biogas plants (fermentation residues). The idea o f an adaptable and sustainable agriculture based on effects and interactions also requires such attention. This publication analyzes the possibilities and challenges o f natural resource management by studying the agricultural use o f fermentation residues from biogas plants. In order to be used in agriculture, the nutritional value o f fermentation residues should be acknowledged. Land application o f fermentation residues therefore requires expert
analysis to ensure that ecological junctions o f soil are not damaged. This, however, requires that the regulations governing the frameworkfor the conditions o f such application are carefully studied and interpreted.
Keywords: biogas plant, fermentation residue, arable land
1 INTRODUCTION
The problem of meeting energy demands in a safe, effective and economical way can currently be solved by combining traditional and renewable energy sources in a harmonized manner. At the dawn of a new era in energy economics, the reason for producing and using renewable energy sources, including biogas, is justified not only by energetical considerations, but also by those of waste management, environmental protection and economy, which is also confirmed by life cycle analyses (Ev a n g e l is t! et al. 2014). Biogas plants are typically established and operated in order to manage various wastes and by-products of vegetable and animal origin. Some of these substances are not directly re
workable into the soil, but they are biodegradable: as a result of the fermentation of various organic materials in the absence of oxygen, biogas is produced with the aid of bacteria. The input of this biogas producing process is biomass and energy, while the output is biogas and fermentation residue (Fr e e m a n - Py l e 1977; KissNi 1983). Biogas plants established for the management of agricultural and food wastes and by-products are notable inasmuch some of these substances could otherwise easily become harmful to the environment (and to the soil) if not treated properly.
But fermentation residues - under certain conditions and in accordance with relevant requirements - can be reworked into the crop cycle in order to replenish nutrients in the soil. It must be emphasized, however, that the basis for the application of fermentation residues from biogas plants to agricultural lands lies in the making of scientific studies that take the relevant regulatory background into account, as well.
The application of fermentation residue to agricultural lands depends on its nutrition qualities. It is precisely the changing nutrition content and the technologies used in the process that necessitate the classification of fermentation residue. Application to agricultural lands in Hungary can occur in a controlled manner, i.e. based on professional principles enshrined in legislation, according to a professional plan, authorized by soil protection authorities.
However, the protection of soils is a priority, so it is necessary to consider first that the erosion of fertile soil has accelerated because of “industrial” farming methods, involving now significant areas (40-50% of Hungary), even though about 25% of the total national wealth of Hungary lies in the market value of arable land
(Án g y á n a n d Me n y h é r t 2004). Therefore, from the viewpoint of the continuous operation of biogas plants, the careful planning of soil nutrition management and the prevention of the contamination of soil are paramount. The most important problem that rises during planning is the inhomogeneity of fermentation residue.
Closely connected to soil, the quality of water is also notable, especially important in case of underground water resources (Án g y á na n d Me n y h é r t2004).
The protection of soil and the maintenance of its fertility is important not only for the user/farmer of the land, but also for the whole society in the long run, since in many cases it is because of improper land use and an agriculture disregarding soil protection that soil degradation develops, entailing reduced soil fertility and the pollution of waters and drinking water supplies.
2 THE APPLICATION OF FERMENTATION RESIDUES FROM BIOGAS PLANTS TO AGRICULTURAL LANDS
Agricultural activity involves increased use of soil, which must be kept under constant control to ensure the long-term well-being of humanity. In this respect it is important to fix the conditions and circumstances for the applicability of organic matter to arable land or into the soil.
The application of fermentation residues from biogas plants is one of the most common problems for both the farmer and the expert. As described above, fermentation residue is formed by the anaerobic degradation of starting materials of various character and during the fermentation it comes into contact with other materials used in the technology. Therefore, application to arable land may largely depend on the properties of the fermentation residue. It is normally classified as harmless waste from sources other than agriculture.
Application to arable land is an activity which requires authorization, therefore the expert interpretation of the relevant provisions of Regulation 90/2008. (VII. 18.) FVM (FVM stands for Ministry for Agriculture and Rural Development of Hungary) is necessary. The permit is issued by the soil protection authority, in the possession of a plan designed by a pedology expert.
Based on a review of several recent soil protection plans, the problems that may arise during the licensing process can be summarized as follows.
- The client who wishes to dispense the fermentation residue is unaware of the requirements for the land application and the classification of the substance.
- The pedology expert and the accredited laboratory do not perform the tests (or have them performed) as prescribed by the Hungarian Standard, or the measurement is not based on the standard assigned to that parameter.
- In most biogas plant fermenters, there are substances (e.g. heavy metals) that justify the compulsory test for sewage / sewage sludge. So it is not enough just to check nutrient content.
Eliminating all of this requires accuracy, discipline and strict compliance with the statutory regulations by the client, the expert and the laboratory alike. The following flow diagram (Figure 1) shows the steps required for successful authorization procedures.
The detailed rules of land application in accordance with the concerns of soil protection in Hungary are contained in the legislation referred to in the flowchart. An important tool for the practical implementation of soil protection is the soil protection plan, which is a kind of link between the farmer and the authority.
selection of an expert who is registered in an expert list and qualified to perform the activity name of the substances entering biogas plants,
a precise description of fermentation technology
the qualification of the fermentation residue based on input materials and fermentation technology - expert decision
n a
the fermentation residue cannot be classified as harmless waste
there could not be application of the fermentation residues
if the starting materials do not contain hazardous waste, the fermentation residue may be classified as harmless waste from non-agncultural sources under point 2.11 of FVM Regulation 90/2008 (VII. 18 .)
creation of a soil protection plan under FVM Regulation 90 2008. (VII. 18.)
the expert performs the morphological examination of the fermentation residue
£L
accredited sampling from the fermentation residue
a
in order to determine the nature of the fermentation residues, it is appropriate to carry out the inspections pursuant to Govt.
Regulation 50 2001. (IV. 3.) in an accredited laboratory according to the relevant Hungarian Standard, then an expert decision on the
basis of the results
a a
ifthe fermentation residue does not contam toxic, harmful substances, the land application is carried out
on the basis o f the slurry sp e cific ations — prep aration o f a soil protection plan according to point 2.7 o f FVM Regulation ' 90/2008. (VO. 18.)
if there are toxic substances in the fermentation residue, the land
application is based on the requirements for waste water sewage sludge - preparation o f a soil protection plan according to point 2.8 o f FVM Regulation ' 90/2008. ( v n . 18.)
if the fermentation residue has a compost character but
contains toxic, harmful substances, the land application
is carried out on the basis o f the requirements for sewage
sludge compost - preparation o f a soil protection
plan accordingto point 3.1 o f FVM Regulation 90/2008. ( v n 18.)
Fig. 1. Activities to be performed before the land application o f by-products from biogas plants
Detailed rules for the preparation of the soil protection plan are set out in FVM Regulation 90/2008.
(VII. 18.). The design types associated with the application of fermentation residues from biogas plant to agricultural land as prepared by the soil protection expert can fall into any of the following:
- soil protection plan for the use of slurry in agricultural areas
- soil protection plan for the use of waste water and sludge slurry in agricultural areas
- soil protection plan for the use of harmless wastes from non-agricultural sources in arable land
Pedological investigations that are grounded in the soil protection plan and the examination of the substances to be applied shall be carried out using the standards set out in this regulation or according to an equivalent accredited method. Examinations may only be carried out by accredited laboratories on the basis of the relevant Hungarian Standard. For the soil sampling, the regulation itself and the manuals of the farmers provide guidance with illustrations. It should be noted here that the soil data contained in the soil protection
plan is recorded by the soil protection authority in a soil database.
The application dose is usually determined on the basis of the nutrient content, but it is exactly the character of the substance to be delivered and its potential pollutant content that may affect it. Therefore, even when all the input materials and the full technology are well know, a comprehensive examination of the fermentation residue may be recommended to enable the expert to decide whether the substance is classified in accordance with points of this regulation, since for further examinations this classification will be the norm.
Waste water, sewage sludge and sewage sludge composts are invariably subject to the provisions of Government Regulation No 50/2001. (IV. 3.). The testing and qualification of the fermentation residue determines the method of soil and water testing methods and the parameters to be tested, which are contained in the concise tables (Table 1, Table 2) based on the annexes of the Regulation.
Table 1. Annex 1 to Government Regulation No 50/2001. (IV 3.)
Pedological and hydrological tests requiredfor the agricultural use o f waste water, sewage sludge and sewage sludge compost
Parameter to be tested
Waste water, liquid sewage sludge
Sewage sludge
Sewage sludge compost From the soil:
pH(H20 ) + + X
Humus content H% + + X
Total carbonate content + + X
Total water-soluble salt content + + X
Plasticity index according to Arany (PIa) - - X
Mechanical composition 0 0 -
Bulk density 0 - -
pF-row* 0 - -
Exchangeable cations 0 0 -
Toxic elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn) X X X
Soil toxicity test (Azotobacter agile test) X1 X1 -
Available nutrient content P2O5, K2O, Mg, NO3-NO2 X X X
Determination of current groundwater level down to 5 m required required - From groundwater:
pH, EC, KOI, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NILC, C 0 3", HCCV, Cl', Xn Xn —
S04", M V , M V , toxic elements, EPAH**, EPCB**,TPH**
+ It shall be determined from samples taken from the genetic layer of a soil segment explored in up to every 10 hectares, in a depth of 150 cm.
0 It should be determined from soil samples taken from genetic soil layers explored in soil patches with representative physical, chemical and water management properties, collected from a maximum of every 50 hectares.
X A composite sample should be made from 25 probes in sampling areas from a maximum of every 5 hectares, collected from a soil layer of a depth of 0-25 cm, which should serve as the basis for testing the indicated parameters. In case of injection, an average sample should be collected from soil layers between 25-60 cm from every 5 hectares.
X1 It should be determined from composite samples taken according to ,,X”, collected from soil samples from a depth of 0-25 cm.
x n If groundwater is available within 5 m, 1 water sample per 50 hectares, if it is available within 3-1.5 m, two
water samples per 50 hectares should be taken.
* A series of measurements characterizing the soil's water management properties.
** Their definitions can be ignored by prior consultation with the authorities.
Table 2: Annex II to Government Regulation No 50/2001. (IV 3.)
The components and other characteristics o f waste water, sewage sludge and sewage sludge compost to be examined prior to use in agriculture
Param eter to be tested Waste water Sewage sludgeSewage sludge compost
pH + + +
Electrical conductivity (salinity) + - +
Total solids + + +
Total organic matter + + +
All solutes / dissolved minerals + - -
Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ + - -
C 03-, H C 03\ C1-, SO4", NO3-, N 0 2- + - -
KOI + - -
Total N + + +
NH4-N + - -
Total phosphorus (P2O5) + + +
Total Potassium (K20 ) + + +
Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Hg, Se, Zn, As + + +
Fe, Al, Mn, B, Ba + -
Anionic surfactants + - -
Animal-vegetable fats (organic solvents extract)*
Total aliphatic hydrocarbon (TPH)*
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (EPAH)*
Polychlorinated biphenyls (EPCB) * Fecal coli and fecal streptococcus
+ + +
+ + +
+ + +
+ + +
- + +
Salmonella sp. +
Human parasite nematode egg +
* Their definitions can be ignored by prior consultation with the authorities.
3 CONTROLLING AND MONITORING
The official revision and supervision of soil protection plans created for land applications are regulated according to the law. The control plans shall be created according to the provisions of points 2.7., 2.8., 3.1. of FVM Regulation 90/2008. (VII. 18.), and as prescribed by the licensing authority. The tests should cover all the previously investigated or prescribed parameters. Comparison with the previous data series has a monitoring purpose (among others).
The monitoring of the pedological research of biogas production projects primarily involves the continuous examination of the fermentation residue and the soils affected by its land application.
Adaptability, constructive co-operation and responsible thinking are needed to maintain such environment that ensures a good quality of life. On the one hand, this is the real foundation for a farm that is adapted to local conditions, circumstances and needs
(Na g y2015).
If we take these principles into account, the fermentation residue from the biogas plants can be taken on the arable land (on the soil). However, the varied
character of this material requires that the main emphasis is placed on the protection of the land, in addition to the nutrition management.
All these require responsible and compliant behavior and effective cooperation between the biogas plant that wishes to use biogas fermentation residue, soil protection expert who prepares soil protection plan, accredited laboratories that do the soil tests, and the licensing authority, too.
REFERENCES
[1] Ángyán, J. - Menyhért, Z. (editors) (2004).
Alkalmazkodó növénytermesztés, környezet- és tájgazdálkodás. Szaktudás Kiadó Ház, Budapest
[2] Evangelisti, S. - Lettieri, P. - Borello, D. - Clift, R.
(2014). Life cycle assessment o f energy from waste via anaerobic digestion: A U K case study. In: Waste Management 34, p. 226-237
[3] Freeman, Ch. - Pyle, L. (1977). Methane generation by anaerobic fermentation; I.T. Publications Ltd., London [4] Kissné Q. E. (1983). A biogáz; Mezőgazdasági
Könyvkiadó, Budapest 1983.
[5] N agy V. (2015). Agri-environmental actions for the protection o f soil. University o f Szeged, Faculty o f Law,
Szeged
[6] Government regulation No 50/2001 (TV. 3.): Regulations of agricultural use and treatment o f waste w ater and sewage sludge
[7] FVM Regulation 90/2008. (VU. 18.): Detailed rules for preparing soil protection plan (FVM stands for M inistry for Agriculture and Rural Developm ent o f Hungary)
Authors addresses
1 Attila, BARCZI, associate professor, Szent István University, Faculty o f Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Protection and Landscape Ecology Department, H-2100 Gödöllő, Páter K. sír. 1., e-mail: barczi.attila@mkk.szie.hu
2 Dániel, SZALAI, department engineer, Szent István University, Faculty o f Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Protection and Landscape Ecology Department, H-2100 Gödöllő, Páter K. sír. 1., e-mail: szálai.daniel@mldc.szie. hu
3 Valeria, NAGY, associate professor, University o f Szeged, Faculty o f Engineering, H-6725 Szeged, Moszkvai Bid. 9., e-mail: valinagy78@mk.u-szeged.hu
Contact person
*Attila, BARCZI, associate professor, Szent István University, Environmental Protection and Landscape Ecology Department, H-2100 Gödöllő, Páter K. sír. 1., e-mail: barczi. attila@mkk. szie. hu
