89
90
5. Főkomponens-elemzéssel bemutattam, hogy a fás és lágyszárú biomassza minták termogravimetria módszerével mért hőbomlási paraméterei és az energiatartalmuk között összefüggés figyelhető meg. A minták energiatartalma növekszik a hőbomlás maximális sebességének (DTGmax) és a termikus degradáció végső hőmérsékletének (Tend) a növekedésével, és csökken a szenes maradék relatív mennyiségének a növekedésével. (3. közlemény)
6. A termogravimetria/tömegspektrometria mérések alapján megállapítottam, hogy a minták szervetlen és szerves komponensei reagálhatnak egymással a hőbomlás során. A lágyszárú mintákban viszonylag sok a szervetlen kloridion (0,20,3 m/m %), amely reagál a szerves komponensekből származó metil-csoportokkal és metil-klorid képződik. (3. közlemény)
91
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Publikációs lista
A dolgozat alapjául szolgáló publikációk
A doktori dolgozat az alábbi négy publikáción alapszik. Ezek közül három hatásfaktorral (IF) rendelkező referált folyóiratban jelent meg. A cikkek a dolgozat végén teljes terjedelmükben megtalálhatóak. Az idézettségi adatok (I) kizárólag a független hivatkozásokat tartalmazzák.
1. Zoltán Sebestyén, Zoltán May, Kati Réczey, Emma Jakab, The effect of alkaline pretreatment on the thermal decomposition of hemp, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 105 (2011) 1061-1069 (IF: 1,982 I:4)
2. Zoltán Sebestyén, Emma Jakab, Zoltán May, Bálint Sipos, Kati Réczey, Thermal behavior of native, washed and steam exploded lignocellulosic biomass samples, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 101 (2013) 61-71 (IF: 2.560 I:0)
3. Zoltán Sebestyén, Ferenc Lezsovits, Emma Jakab, Gábor Várhegyi, Correlation between heating values and thermogravimetric data of sewage sludge, herbaceous crops and wood samples, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 110 (2012) 1501-1509 (IF: 1,982 I:3)
4. Sebestyén Zoltán, Barta Zsolt, Jakab Emma, Bioetanol, a megújuló energiaforrás, Kémiai Panoráma 7 (2011) 49-52
99
Egyéb, a dolgozat témájához kapcsolódó publikációk
5. Bálint Sipos, Mátyás Szilágyi, Zoltán Sebestyén, Raffaella Perazzini, Dóra Dienes, Emma Jakab, Claudia Crestini, Kati Réczey, Mechanism of the positive effect of poly(ethylene glycol) addition in enzymatic hydrolysis of steam pretreated lignocelluloses, Comptes Rendus Biologies 334 (2011) 812-823 (IF:
1,804 I:4)
6. Gábor Várhegyi, Zoltán Sebestyén, Zsuzsanna Czégény, Ferenc Lezsovits, Sándor Könczöl, Combustion kinetics of biomass materials in the kinetic regime, Energy and Fuels 26 (2012) 1313-1335 (IF: 2,853 I:9)
7. Galina Dobele, Emma Jakab, Aleksandrs Volperts, Zoltán Sebestyén, Aivars Zhurins, Galina Telysheva, Formation of nanoporous carbon materials in conditions of thermocatalytic synthesis, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 103 (2013) 173-180 (IF: 2,560 I:0)
Egyéb, a dolgozat témájához nem kapcsolódó publikációk
8. Miklós Mohai, Ilona Mohai, Zoltán Sebestyén, András Gergely, Péter Németh, János Szépvölgyi, Surface characterisation of boron nitride layers on multiwalled carbon nanotubes, Surface and Interface Analysis, 42 (2010) 1148-1151 (IF: 1,220 I:0)
9. Ilona Mohai, Miklós Mohai, Imre Bertóti, Zoltán Sebestyén, Péter Németh, Irina Z. Babievskaya, János Szépvölgyi, Formation of thin boron nitride coating on multiwall carbon nanotube surfaces, Diamond and Related Materials 20 (2011) 227-231 (IF: 1,709 I:5) 10. György Mink, Péter Szabó, Éva Fekete, Béla Lengyel, Zoltán
Sebestyén, Technology plan for the destruction and energy utilisation of PCBs and other chlorinated POPs, Proceedings of the Energy and Climate Symposium, Energy and the Environment 2010, Engineering for a low-carbon future, Opatija, Horvátország pp. 427-438
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Szóbeli előadások
1. Sebestyén Zoltán, May Zoltán, Jakab Emma, Lúgos előkezelések hatása a kender (Cannabis sativa L.) hőbomlására, Műszaki Kémiai Napok ’09 (Veszprém, 2009. április 21-23.)
2. Sebestyén Zoltán, Pekkerné Jakab Emma, Sipos Bálint, Réczey Istvánné, Gőzrobbantott biomassza minták termikus viselkedése, XIII. Kálmán Erika Doktori Konferencia (Balatonkenese, 2010.
április 21-23.)
3. Sebestyén Zoltán, Lezsovits Ferenc, Jakab Emma, Várhegyi Gábor, Biomassza minták termikus analízise, 1. MKE Nemzeti Konferencia (Sopron, 2011. május 22-25)
4. Sebestyén Zoltán, Pekkerné Jakab Emma, May Zoltán, Sipos Bálint, Réczey Istvánné, Gőzrobbantás hatásának vizsgálata fás- és lágyszárú biomassza minták szerkezetén termoanalitikai módszerek alkalmazásával, XV. Kálmán Erika Doktori Konferencia (Mátraháza, 2012. szeptember 18-20.)
5. Sebestyén Zoltán, Biomassza anyagok vizsgálata termikus analízis és analitikai pirolízis segítségével, AKT Matematikai és Természettudományi Szakbizottsági meghallgatás (Budapest, 2012. november 6.)
6. Sebestyén Zoltán, Pekkerné Jakab Emma, May Zoltán, Várhegyi Gábor, Sipos Bálint, Réczey Istvánné, Különböző eljárásokkal előkezelt biomassza minták vizsgálata termoanalitikai módszerekkel, MTA TTK Kutatóközponti Tudományos Napok (Budapest, 2012. november 28.)
7. Sebestyén Zoltán, Biomassza anyagok vizsgálata termikus analízis és analitikai pirolízis segítségével (Doktori értekezés alapjául szolgáló kutatási eredmények bemutatása), MTA TTK Anyag- és Környezetkémiai Intézeti Szeminárium (Budapest, 2013. május 14.)
8. Sebestyén Zoltán, Biomassza minták kiválasztása és jellemzése „A megújuló energiaforrások újszerű felhasználására és korszerű energiatárolási eszközök fejlesztésére alkalmas innovatív eljárások tudományos megalapozása” című KTIA AIK projekt 1.
munkaszakaszának beszámolója (Budapest, 2013. október 25.)
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Poszter előadások
9. Zoltán Sebestyén, Zoltán May, Kati Réczey, Emma Jakab, Effect of alkaline pretreatments on the thermal decomposition of hemp, 10th Conference on Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis and 2nd Joint Czech-Hungarian-Polish-Slovakian Thermoanalytical Conference (Lengyelország, Zakopane, 2009. augusztus 30-szeptember 3.)
10. Bálint Sipos, Zoltán Sebestyén, Zsolt Somorai, Dóra Dienes, Emma Jakab, Gábor Várhegyi, Kati Réczey, Effect of poly(ethylene glycol) on enzymatic hydrolysis of different lignocellulosic substrates, Italic 5 and Third European Workshop on Biotechnology for Lignocellulose Biorefineries (Olaszország, Varenna, (2009. szeptember 1-4.)
11. Sebestyén Zoltán, May Zoltán, Réczey Istvánné, Jakab Emma, Kenderminták jellemzése termikus módszerekkel és főkomponens elemzéssel, BME Oláh György Doktori Iskola, VII. Doktoráns Konferencia (Budapest, 2010. február 4.)
12. Zoltán Sebestyén, Emma Jakab, Bálint Sipos, Kati Réczey, Thermal behavior of steam exploded biomass samples, 18th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition (Franciaország, Lyon, 2010. május 1-6.)
13. Zoltán Sebestyén, Emma Jakab, Zoltán May, Kati Réczey, Principal component analysis of thermoanalytical data, 5th International Symposium on Computer Applications and Chemometrics in Analytical Chemistry, (Budapest, 2010. június 21-25.)
14. Zoltán Sebestyén, Emma Jakab, Zoltán May, Bálint Sipos, Kati Réczey, Thermal characterization of steam exploded lignocellulosic raw materials, The Fourth Annual Workshop of COST FP0602 Biotechnical Processing of Lignocellulosic Raw Materials (Törökország, Cesme, 2010. szeptember 22-24.)
15. Sebestyén Zoltán, Jakab Emma, May Zoltán, Sipos Bálint, Réczey Istvánné, Gőzrobbantott biomassza minták jellemzése termoanalitikai módszerekkel, BME Oláh György Doktori Iskola, VIII. Doktoráns Konferencia (Budapest, 2011. február 3.)
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16. Galina Dobele, Emma Jakab, Zoltán Sebestyén, Aleksandrs Volperts, Aivars Zhurins, Galina Telysheva, Formation of nanoporous carbon materials in thermocatalytic synthesis conditions, 19th International Symposium on Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis (Ausztria, Linz, 2012. május 21-25.)
17. Zoltán Sebestyén, Zoltán May, Bálint Sipos, Kati Réczey, Emma Jakab, Structural characterization of steam exploded biomass samples by thermal methods, 19th International Symposium on Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis (Ausztria, Linz, 2012. május 21-25.)
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NYILATKOZAT
Alulírott Sebestyén Zoltán kijelentem, hogy ezt a doktori értekezést magam készítettem és abban csak a megadott forrásokat használtam fel. Minden olyan részt, amelyet szó szerint, vagy azonos tartalomban, de átfogalmazva más forrásból átvettem, egyértelműen, a forrás megadásával megjelöltem.
Budapest, 2014. május 30.
aláírás
1
The effect of alkaline pretreatment on the thermal decomposition of hemp
Zolta´n Sebestye´n•Zolta´n May •Kati Re´czey• Emma Jakab
Received: 22 July 2010 / Accepted: 14 September 2010 / Published online: 7 October 2010 ÓAkade´miai Kiado´, Budapest, Hungary 2010
Abstract The goal of this study was to clarify the effect of alkaline pretreatments on the thermal decomposition and composition of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) sam-ples. Thermogravimetric/mass spectrometric measure-ments (TG/MS) have been performed, on untreated, hot water washed, and alkali-treated hemp samples. The main differences between the thermal decomposition of the samples are interpreted in terms of the different alkali ion contents which have been determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) method. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been used to find statistical correlations between the data. Cor-relations have been obtained between the parameters of the thermal decomposition and the alkali ion content as well as the altered chemical structure of the samples. The differ-ences in the thermal behavior of the samples are explained by the different K? and Na? contents and the changed structure of the hemicellulose component of the samples due to the pretreatments. The more alkali ions remain in the hemp samples after the alkali treatment, the more ash, char and lower molecular products are formed during thermal decomposition.
Keywords HempAlkaline pretreatment Thermogravimetry Thermal decomposition Principal component analysis
Introduction
Areas of the tropical and temperate zone, just like the main part of the Earth, possess very suitable local conditions to cultivate industrial hemp (Cannabis sativaL.). It has been cultivated for thousands of years, because its strong fibers take the humidity extremely well. Nowadays, the hemp is utilized by the textile industry, producing technical textiles, sail-clothes, and ropes. Recently, the application in fiber-reinforced composite materials [1, 2] and energetic utili-zation of the plant [3] have been studied extensively. Hemp can become one of the main substrates of the second generation bioethanol fermentation due to its high cellulose content [4–6]. Lignocellulosic natural materials after chemical and biological conversions can be used as a replacement of fossil fuels.
Thermo- and biochemical processes are used for con-verting the non-food crops, plant, and waste biomass into energy. Nowadays, the second generation—lignocellu-losic—bioethanol production represents an important research area [7–9]. The cellulose and hemicellulose component of biomass can be hydrolyzed to produce monomeric sugars, which can be fermented to ethanol. If cellulolytic enzymes are added to the biomass samples, the conversion of cellulose to sugar will be extremely slow since the cellulose is well protected by the matrix of hemicellulose and lignin. Therefore, pretreatment of the raw material is necessary to expose the cellulose or modify the pores in the material to allow the enzymes to penetrate into the fibers and hydrolyse the cellulose to monomeric Z. Sebestye´n (&)Z. MayE. Jakab
Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 17, Budapest 1525, Hungary
e-mail: zoltan.sebestyen@chemres.hu K. Re´czey
Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gelle´rt te´r 4, Budapest 1111, Hungary
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J Therm Anal Calorim (2011) 105:1061–1069 DOI 10.1007/s10973-010-1056-6