1
István Brodarics to Albert Kas li1 Kristallóc,2 [summer of 1505?]3
Manuscript used: Georg Marcelović, Regesta diplomatum aliorumque documentorum, 230. NAZ Published: Ivan TkalĆIĆ, Monumenta Historiae Zagrabiać, Zagrabiae, 1896, 48.
István Brodarics appeals to Grand Provost Albert Kasa fo r help against Bishop Lukács who accuses him with embezzlement.
In hoc meo acerbissimo negotio et causa, postquam nuper nil apud episcopum Zagrabiensem4 poteram obtinuisse, profectus fueram Zagrabiam, ibi sollicitavi omnes dominos meos de capitulo, ubi vidi rem desperatam, nemo erat, quem adirem, qui pro me domino supplicaret, praeter magnificum dominum Balthasarem de Batthyan;5 veni 5 igitur ad eum, et Vestram Dominationem etiam deprecor, patronus sit mihi apud
epi-1 Grand Provost Albert Kasu was one of the trusted people of Bishop Lukács: data on his functioning are from 1504-1511, compare: MOL DL 34573.; 101.424. His brief biography: Ljuedevit Iv a n c a n, Poetaci o zagrebackim kanonicima, 266, HAZU, sig. U./d/243.
2 Today: KreStelovac. Croatia. The castle belongs to Boldizsár Batthyány in 1505. The letter shows that he backed the accused Brodarics.
J The original of the letter did not survive, only a transcript by Marcelovic. That has no date; year 1505 appears only on the margin. Since Brodarics, as Jean de Pin confirms, left Bologna before the death of Filippo Beroaldo (7 July 1505) (compare: Ré v é s zMária, Néhány adal Philippus Beroaldus maior magyar összeköttetéseihez. Egyetemes Philológiai Közlöny, 1941, 164-166 ), but data show that he is in Padua again in the end of December 1505 (compare: Padova, Archivio Notarile. 1811. fol. 253.; Va r c a Imre, Mag)>ar- országi tanulók a padovai egyetemen a XV-XVI. századfordulón. Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, 1975, 218.; and Ka s z a Péter, Néhány kiegészítés Brodarics István tanulmányainak kérdésköréhez. Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, 2011, 197-201.) the embarrassing affair in Zagreb probably happened in the summer.
4 Lukács Szegedi (Barátin Kothrár, Kothrosi) (Szeged, around 1470-Csázma. 1510). Comes from a middle class family in Szeged. Conservator of the Royal Chancellery in 1480, from 1481 he works at the treasury. Treasurer between 1492-94, Bishop of Csanád, then of Bosnia, Bishop of Zagreb from 1500 until his death. His activities as patron of arts are also significant. In Szeged, he gives money for building the
“Gyümölcsoltó Boldogasszony” Chapel in the Demeter Church, in the Zagreb Cathedral he has an organ and stalls built and altarpieces painted. In 1509-1511 he prints the Zagreb missal in Venice. Compare: Balthasari Adami Kl-RCSliLlCH DL Corbavia, Historiarum Cathedralis Ecclesiae Zagrahiensis, Zagrabiae, [1770];
Magyar Katolikus Lexikon voi. 1, and KubinyiAndrás, A kincstári személyzet a XV. század 2. felében.
Tanulmányok Budapest Múltjából, 1957, 25-49.; Andrija Lukinovió, Biskup Luka Barátin = Zagrebaćki biskupi i nadbiskupi, Zagreb, 1995, 223-227.
5 Boldizsár Batthyány (around 1452-1520), Slavonian Vice-Ban, Nice-Comes in Körös and Zagreb.
He had significant estates in Kőrös, Varasd, and Verőce counties. Brodarics probably approached him for patronage, because Batthyány had a good relationship with Bishop Lukács: his son, also by the name of Boldizsár, married the Bishop’s cousin Katalin Erhard in 1509. Boldizsár also appears among executors of the Bishop’s will (compare MOL DL 101 424). More on this: Va r g a Szabolcs, Szlavónia berendezkedése a késő középkor és kora újkor határán (1490-1540), Pécs, 2008, (PHD thesis). - I am grateful to Szabolcs Varga for giving me access to his valuable manuscript.
scopum Zagrabiensem. Iuro nunquam me negaturum hanc pecuniam, si apud me fuis
set, quin potius adhuc in Italia cum ea studerem, siquidem voluntas episcopi Zagrabi- ensis ea fuit. Si quid Dominatio Vestra in me concepit odii ex litteris illius boni viri, illud deponat, nil in Vestram Dominationem commisi. Prodibit semel veritas, cogno- lo scetur adhuc etiam per episcopum Zagrabiensem, quis habeat et apud quem sint illi 300
aurei.6 Vestra Dominatio non me deserat in hac necessitate.
2
István Brodarics1 to Albert Kusu Buda, 1507, [?, ?]1 2
Manuscript used: MOL, DF 232236
Brodarics thanks Albert K asufor the latter 's patronage and requests further support for him self and his kin in front o f the Bishop o f Zagreb.
Venerabilis Domine, Patrone Unice atque Observande. Post servitutis meae commen
dationem.
Quod semper feci in litteris ad Vestram Dominationem missis hoc idem nunc quoque faciam. Gratias videlicet agam Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationi de eius erga me 5 humanitate ac beneficiis. Rogo autem eandem, ut semper hactenus, ita etiam impo- sterum commendatum me dignetur apud reverendissimum dominum3 reddere meosque omnes protegere. Quod ego Vestrae Dominationi Reverendissimae, dum vivam, reser
vire studebo. [...] et bene valere opto. Ex Buda dominica proxima ante festum [...]
Millesimo quingentesimo septimo
io Stephanus Brodarich
decretorum doctor, servitor Vestrae Dominationis On the outer side: Venerabili Domino Alberto praeposito maiori Zagrabiensi, Domino mihi observando
6 On the case of embezzlement see more: GmtÉZDi Rábán, Aldus Manutius magvar barátai, Magyar Könyvszemle, 1945, 64., and KaszaPéter, Egy karrier hajnala. Adalékok Brodarics István tanulmányainak és családi viszonyainak kérdéséhez, Századok, 2008, 1187-1209.
1 On Albert Kasu see notes for the previous letter.
2 The lower left side of the document is tom off, so one or two words, including the date, are missing from the beginning of the last two lines. Therefore it is impossible to give a more precise date.
5 Bishop of Zagreb Lukács. While Brodarics lived in Buda in this period already, data shows that he kept his benefices as Canon of Zagreb until 1510. Compare: Zagrabiensis capituli statuta et ordinationes, rubrum capitulare, dicta (saec. XV-XVl), ms. II. c. 49, 42v-48r., HAZU.
3
István Brodarics to Taddeo dei Lardi1 Székesfehérvár, 5 June 1508
Manuscript used: ASM, Ambasciatori, Ungheria, Busta 3.
Published:K.UJÁNI Gábor, Brodarics István levelezése. Történelmi Tár, 1908, 259-260.
In Hungarian: V. KovácsSándor (ed.), Magj'ar humanisták levelei XV-XVI. század, Budapest, 1971, 555-556.
Brodarics gives a detailed account to Lardi o f events and participants at the coronation o f Louis II.
Reverendissime Domine, Patrone Colendissime.
Pro illa, qua semper Vestram Reverendissimam Dominationem unice colui, obser
vantia nihil magis opto, nihil ferventiore desiderio cupio, quam Vestram Reverendissi
mam Dominationem intelligere aut iam convaluisse, aut certe in dies melius se habere.2 5 Quod, ut ita contingat, Deum Optimum Maximum precor, ut Tuam Dominationem
Reverendissimam nobis cito incolumem cernere concedat.
Nova nulla habemus alia, nisi illa, quae iam puto per totum terrarum orbem divul
gata: illustrissimum, immo serenissimum dominum Lodovicum (quod faustum felix totique reipublicae Christianae salutiferum sit) Dominica proxima post Ascensionem io Domini,3 bonis avibus et melioribus auspiciis coronavimus. Ea ipsa coronatio, ut pau
cis multa perstringam, sic acta fuit: dominus Patriarcha4 divina celebravit officia.
Dominus Quinqueecclesiensis5 et Varadiensis6 astiterunt pontificalibus induti, et alii episcopi minores. Inter initia missae, infans regius flens et vagiens et ob multitudinem territus primo inungitur, post ensem strictum ac deinde pomum aureum et sceptrum 15 regale accipit. Post evangélium vero, antequam corona ei imponeretur, dominus pa- 13
13 post regius: vagi del. 14 post primo: ensem stri del.
1 Lodovico Taddeo dei Lardi (de Ferraria) (7-1512) Doctor of canon law, Archdean in Ung, then in Pankota. Vicar of Bishop of Eger Ippolito d’Este (1498-1520) in 1498-1508, Vice-Comes of Heves County.
Compare: Su g á r István, Az egri püspökök története, Budapest, 1984, 206-208.
2 Another letter by Giovanni Muzzarelli dated 28 May 1508, also kept in Modena says that Taddeo dei Lardi travelled to Italy to cure himself in baths. (Compare: ASM, Ambasciatori, Ungheria, Lettere di Muzzarelli)
3 4 June 1508.
4 Tamás Bakócz (14427-1521) High Chancellor, Archbishop of Esztergom, Patriarch of Constantinople.
5 György Szatmári (1457-1524): Bishop of Pécs (1505-1522), studied in Cracow; Humanist prelate, patron of arts, one of the most important patrons of Brodarics. More on Szatmári: Tó t h-Sz a u ó Pál, Szath- mári György prím ás (1457-1524), Budapest, 1906; more recently: Fa r b a k y Péter, Szatm ári György, a mecénás, Budapest, 2002., and Fe d e l e sTamás - Sa r b a k Gábor - Sü m e g i József, Pécsi Egyházmegye története I. A középkor évszázadai (1009-1543), Pécs, 2009, 136-140.
6 Zsigmond Thurzó (around 1466-1512) Humanist prelate, studied in Padua. Secretary of György Szatmári until 1504, Bishop of Szerem from 1501, of Nyitra from 1504. ofVárad from 1506. It was he who rebuilt the bishop’s palace in Nagyvárad in Renaissance style. Compare: Bu n y i t a y Vince, A váradi püspök
ség története alapítása a jelenkorig. I., Nagyvárad, 1883, 354-366.
latinus7 ex more ter quaesivit a dominis et regnicolis alta, ut ab omnibus, qui in tempio aderant, exaudiri posset, voce, si vellent Lodovicum regem coronari. Qui quidem omnes unanimi consensu, uno ore acclamarunt se velle. Inter quos populi et nobilitatis clamores regia maiestas8 pro gaudio et laetitia adeo ubertim et large flevit, ut omnes ad
2 0 lacrimas commoverit. Post huiusmodi responsum a populo datum, corona Lodovico flenti et ob clamores turbae eo magis territo imponitur, qui tandem coronatus in solium auratum, quod ad latus patris dextrum erat, locatur. Te Deum laudamus organo, tubis et campanis, voce populi concinitur. Tandem peraguntur divina, quibus finitis infans coronatus, palatino et comite Scepusiensi9 coronam super caput eius gestantibus tota
2 5 nobilitate, tota curia praeeunte, universo populo hinc inde ad spectandum circumfuso, via panno rubro strata de consuetudine ad templum Divi Petri,10 11 quod non longe distat, ducitur, patre et sorore11 subsequente. Ubi in quadam sede vetusta, quam Sancti Stephani fuisse referunt, collocatur. Inde in reditu cum universis proceribus tam secu- laribus, quam ecclesiasticis, paucis, qui cum patre remanserant, exceptis, in curru 30 aurato, qui, ut Vestra Dominatio optime novit, ei iampridem a domino Patriarcha datus fuerat, ad quoddam templum12 13 extra urbem ad unum milliare Italicum vectus est. Ubi ex consuetudine illo ense, qui ei inter sacra et cerimonias, ut dixi, fuerat datus, in quat
tuor partes secuit, et equo impositus est. Inde reversi, universi proceres lautissimo ac splendidissimo convivio sunt in aula regia excepti. Post prandium diversi ludi et mili- 35 taria ludicra spectata.13
Haec volui Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationi perscribere, ut, quando praesens haec spectare non potuit, habeat, unde singula cognoscat, in quo si vel prolixior vel incultior, quam decuisset, fui, det mihi veniam et prolixitatem quidem loquacitati, inelegantiam vero et characterum sordes partim inscitiae, partim occupationibus ascri- 40 bat. Institueram ego tum ob celebritatem tantae rei, tum etiam ex commissione domini mei Quinqueecclesiensis14 orationem facere, sed ob infirmitatem regis et etiam quan- dam aliam ob causam, quae litteris non est committenda, oratio locum non habuit.
29 post exceptis: extra elei. 36 Haec volui ... redire cupio in editione Kajani om.
30 post aurato: quod dei. 39 post sordes: occup dei.
31 post ad: te dei.
7 Imre Percnyi was Palatine from May 1504 to 5 February 1519, his death.
8 Vladislaus II (1490-1516), King of Hungary (1471-1516) and Bohemia, father of the infant King Louis.
9 János Szapolyai (1487/907-1540) Baron from Szepes (1509-1526), Voivod of Transylvania (1510-1526), Hungarian King from 1526 by the name John 1. Palatine Percnyi and Szapolyai, the two keep
ers of the crown held it over the head of the child King.
10 A parish church named after apostles St. Peter and Paul. The coronation mass was held in the Boldogasszony-basilica; from here they went to the St. Peter church, the traditional place for the rest of the ceremonies.
11 Anna Jagiełło (1503-1547), older sister of Louis II, later wife of Ferdinand Habsburg.
l: Le. to the St. Martin’s church.
13 More extensively on the history of coronation ceremonies compare: Bartoniek Emma, A magyar királykoronázások története, Budapest, 1987., and Pálh-'Y Géza, Koronázási lakomák a 15-17. századi Magyarországon, Századok, 2004, 1005-1101.
14 This means that Brodarics was in the service of György Szatmári already in the summer of 1508.
Vestram Reverendissimam Dominationem bene valere et cito ad nos incolumem redire cupio.
45 Ex Albaregali, postridie coronationis serenissimi domini Lodovici regis, anno Domini 1508.
Eiusdem Vestrae Dominationis Reverendissimae
humillimus servitor Stephanus Brodarych, decretorum doctor in cancellarla regiae maiestatis.
4
István Brodarics to Taddeo dei Lardi1 Buda, 9 June 1508
Manuscript used: ASM. Ambasciatori, Ungheria, Busta 3.1 2
Published:Ku j á n iGábor, Brodarics István levelezése. Történelmi Tár, 1908, 260-261.
In Hungarian: V. Ko v á c sSándor (ed.), Magyar humanisták levelei XV-XVl. század, Budapest, 1971,557-558.
Brodarics gives a detailed account o f the child King s marching in to Buda and participants o f the procession to Taddeo dei Lardi three days after the coronation o f Louis II.
Reverendissime Domine, Patrone Colendissime.
Cum illas primas litteras3 iam conscripsissem, neque nuntius adesset, per quem mitti possent, libuit illa quoque, quae post subsecuta sunt, in his perstringere, ut Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima, quam scio alioquin haec omnia compertissima habere, ex lit- 5 teris meis universam rei gestae seriem cognosceret.4
Triduo post illam auspicatissimam coronationem interiecto regia maiestas Budam rediit,5 prius per dominum palatinum6 et comitem Scepusiensem7 8 corona in arcem Visegrádi relata.K Novus regulus ingrediens hac pompa et hoc honore exceptus, nam praelati et alii, qui prius Budam venerant, omnes obviam regulo processerunt. Ordo io introitus fuit: primo equites levis armaturae vestri Agriensis et domini cardinalis Strigoniensis,9 post deinde armigeri. Subsecuti praeterea varii diversorum principum
1 On Lardi see notes for the previous letter.
2 A copy of the original manuscript from the 19lh century is in the Library of the HAS, Manuscripts Department (Ms 4999, bundle 11., 101-103)
3 See the previous letter.
4 Brodarics did not send his previous letter indeed, since there is no seal and address on that one (unlike the second one sent to Lardi).
5 Le. on 8 June 1508.
6 Imre Perényi (7-1519), Comes of Abaúj, Palatine from 1504 until his death.
7 János Szapolyai, Count of Szepes, Transylvanian Voivod.
8 After the coronation the two keepers of the crown took it back to the place where it was kept, Visegrád.
9 Cardinal Bakócz Tamás, Archbishop of Esztergom.
exercituli equis, annis, vestibus, auro, argento, phaleris preciosissimis ornati. Secuta post hos est omnis generis fratrum et scholarium ac presbiterorum processio. Campanis interea undique per omnes turres sonantibus, bombardis in theatro arcis et pixidibus 15 innumeris emissis, tubis, tibiis et ceteris huiusmodi musicorum generibus circumstre
pentibus et universa civitate ad spectandum effusa. Post illam, quam dixi, proces
sionem ibant barones et iuniores et seniores. Deinde praelati omnes pedites. Post hos portabatur velum auratum, sub quo puer regius, immo rex novus, laetus, hilaris atque omnibus arridens in ulnis domini marchionis10 11 ferebatur. Domino patriarcha" sollem-
2 0 niter habitu cardineo accincto sub eodem velo novum regem comitante, quasi loco patris ibi constituto. Nam rex senior12 per aliam portam paucis admodum comitantibus, sine ulla pompa fuerat urbem ingressus, ac recta in arcem profectus. Hic fuit introduc
tionis ordo. Tandem infans fuit in aedem Divae Virginis13 portatus et ibi Virgini et Filio eius devote ac sollemniter oblatus, postremo in arcem ductus.
2 5 Vestram Dominationem rogo, ne sit ei molestum meas hasce ineptias legere. Si haberem maius quidpiam ac dignius, illud Vestrae Dominationi offenem. Quam bene valere et cito ad nos incolumem reverti etiam atque etiam cupio.
Ex Buda feria sexta proxima post coronationem serenissimi regis Lodovici 1508.
Stephanus Brodary[ch]14
30 servitor
On the outer side: Reverendo domino, domino Thadeo de Lardis gubernatori episco
patus Agriensis etc., domino honorando.
5
István Brodarics to citizens of Kassa Buda, 29 August 1512
Manuscript used: MOL, DF 270926
I. Brodarics reminds citizens o f Kassa that he was o f help to them in the past whenever he could he. - 2. He asks fo r a four-in-hand carriage from the town in recognition o f his services and that it is to he sent to Buda by merchants going to the fa ir held at St. Nicholas Day.
Prudentes et Circumspecti Domini et Amici mihi Honorandi.
[1.] Satis constat Vestris Dominationibus et maxime illis, qui ad dominum nostrum
10 Marquis Georg von Brandenburg (1484-1543) cousin of Vladislaus II, one of the tutors of the child King Louis
11 This also refers to Tamás Bakócz, who held the title of Patriarch of Constantinople, too.
12 Vladislaus II (1490-1516), King of Hungary (1471-1516) and Bohemia, father of the infant King Louis.
15 This is the “Nagy boldogasszony "church in the Buda castle, today commonly known as Matthias church.
M The comer of the letter got tom off, so the last two letters of the signature cannot be read.
reverendissimum1 per Vestras Dominationes mitti solent, me in omnibus, in quibus possum, et quae sunt officii mei, libentissime servire eisdem. Id quod ego non propte-
5 rea facio, quod propter hoc aliquam remunerationem a Vestris Dominationibus exspectem, sed certe magis ex cordis affectione, qua Vestris Dominationibus afficior.
[2.] Nihilominus tamen rogo Vestras Dominationes, ut non loco remunerationis sed loco mutuae benivolentiae velint mihi ordinari facere unum currum pro quattuor equis, et per mercatores huc Budam ad nundinas Sancti Nicolai1 2 venturos mittere. Id quod io scio me apud Vestras Dominationes servitiis meis posse praeter dominum nostrum gratiosissimum centies promereri. Easdem Vestras Dominationes optime cupio valere.
Ex Buda in festo decollationis Beati Iohannis Baptistae Anno 1512.
Vestrarum Dominationum in omnibus
i5 Stephanus Brodarych
decretorum doctor, secretarius reverendissimi domini Quinqueecclesiensis etc.
On the outer side: Prudentibus et circumspectis dominis, iudici, iuratisque civibus ac aliis dominis, civibus civitatis Cassoviensis, dominis et amicis honorandis.
1 György Szatmári, Bishop of Pécs. Data show that Brodarics was in the service of Szatmári from 1508.
2 To the St. Nicholas’ Day fair on 6 December.
6
István Brodarics to Aldus Manutius1 Buda, 15 September 15122
Manuscript used: BA. E. 36 inf., fol. 16.
Published:Ab e lJenő, Adalékok a humanismus történetéhez Magyarországon, Budapest, 1880. 30.;
and Pierre de Ambroise No l h a c, Les correspondents d'Alde Manuce.
Matériaux nouveaux d ’histoire littéraire 1485-1514. Rome, 1888, 242.;
In Hungarian: V. Ko v á c sSándor (ed.), Magyar humanisták levelei XV-XVl. század, Budapest, 1971, 558.
Six years ago he left a manuscript o f Janus Pannonius with a book merchant by the name o f Jordan so that the latter would forw ard it to Aldus Manutius in order to print it. He requests Aldus to give the volume to the Hungarian K ing’s envoy, who is to arrive at Venice, ifit has been printed.
Excellentissime Vir, Amice Observandissime. Salutem ac prosperitatem.
Iusseram cuidam librario Alemanno lordano nomine3 Venetiis agenti sexto iam cir
citer abhinc anno tum videlicet, cum ego ex gymnasio Patavino4 in patriam redirem, ut quaedam opuscula Ioannis illius Pannonii,5 pro quorum impressione et ego tunc et
1 Aldus Manutius (Bassion, 1449-Venice, 1515), Humanist, an emblematic printer of the Renaissance.
On his Hungarian connections see: Ge r e z d: Rábán, Aldus Manutius és magyar barátai, Magyar Könyv
szemle, 1945, 38 -9 8 . More on his life: Julius Sciiuck, Aldus Manutius und seine Zeitgenossen in Italien und Deutschland, Berlin, 1862.
: On the back side of the letter we find 17 October. Rábán Gerézdi does accept this date (compare:
Aldus Manutius magyar barátai, Magyar Könyvszemle, 1945, 67), and this date appears on the version that appeared in Hungarian in the volume of V. Kovács. However, this is obviously false, since we know that Fülöp Csulai Móré took the letter, and about him we know that he was received in Venice in great pomp on 7 October. (Compare: FedelesTamás, Egy Jagelló-kori humanista pályaképe. Csulai Móré Fülöp (1476/1477-1526), Levéltári Közlemények, 2007, 6 0-61.) The misunderstanding stems from an incorrect resolution of the Roman-type date at the end of the letter. According to Roman calculation we do not add 17 days to the Kalendae, 1 October, but distract 17 days, and this is how we get the real date of the letter, 15 September. This way of dating can be reconciled with Csulai’s trip, who was already in Zengg at the end of September, where he embarked on a ship to Venice.
3 Jordan von Dinslaken, printer from Cologne. He was banned from Venice in 1520 for distributing Luther’s works. Compare: Bo d a Miklós, Pécs-Medvevár-Pécs. Janus Pannonius a pécsi utóélet tükrében
= Ba r t ó k István, Ja n k o v it s László, Ke c s k e m é t i Gábor (ed.), Humanista műveltség Pannóniában, Pécs, 2000, 83.
4 Brodarics obtained doctorate in canon law in Padua sometime around 1505-1506.
5 On Brodarics’ role in the publication of Janus’ works and on the manuscript he had, see more: Bo d a
Miklós, A „sevillai kódexek" és a Janus Pannonius-szöveghagyomány kérdőjelei. Baranyai Helytörténetírás 17-18. (1985-1986), 475-493. - More recently, Ágnes Ritoókné Szalay found a manuscript with Janus' works. He established a connection between the compilation and Brodarics convincingly. Compare:
Rit o ó k n é Sz a l a yÁgnes, Janus Pannonius leveleinek kézirata a Pray-gyűjteményben, Az Egyetemi Könyv
tár Évkönyvei, 14-15 (2011), 283-292.
5 herus meus6 praeterea apud te egerat, in manus Tuae Dominationis daret. Quod si fac
tum ab illo est, rogo Tuam Dominationem, velit libellos ipsos ad manus magnifici ac
tum ab illo est, rogo Tuam Dominationem, velit libellos ipsos ad manus magnifici ac