CEE, 2005. Feasibility study for using of SWHS in six municipalities of Albania. The Energy in Albania Newsletter. Nr 38. Project Solar Water Heaters in Albania, December 2005
EBRD, Renewable Energy Initiative.
http://ebrdrenewables.com/sites/renew/countries/Albania/profile.aspx
EEC, 2002. Albania EU EEC Home Page http://www.eec.org.al/Projects.html
Fida M, 2006. “Use of Kyoto Mechanisms for activate the new projects renewable energy source oriented” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007 Frasheri A, 2006. “Geothermic energy sources in Albania and the platform toward better use of them” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007 Frasheri A., Cermak V., Doracaj M., Safanda J., Bakalli F., Kresl M., Kapedani N., Stulc P., Malasi E., Canga B., Halimi H., Vokopola E., Kucerova L. and Jareci E. 2004. Atlas of the Geothermal Resources in Albania. Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Geology and Mining, Academy of Science. Tirana 2004.
HERMES 1997 - Horizontal Energy Renewable Multimedia Educational Software
Hido E, 2006. “Evaluation of solar energy potential in Albania”, Study in the framework of
“Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
Hizmo A, 2006. “Use of Biomass Energy in Albania” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
IHM 1978. Albanian Climate. Institute of Hydro Meteorology, Tirana 1978.
Islami B, 2006. “Pre-feasibility study of some renewable energy technologies that use renewable energy sources” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
Islami B, 2006. “Production of combining electric and thermic energy from SCHP plant in Albania” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007 MEFWA and UNDP 2005. Albania’s Technology Need Assessment. ILAR, Tirana, Albania, December 2005.
Mico M, 2006. “Use of Geothermic energy in Albania” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
MIE and NAE 2004. National Strategy of Energy and Action Plan for implementation of National Strategy of Energy for the period 2003 – 2005.
Mitushi P, 2006, “Use of Wind Energy in Albania” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
Mustaqi V, Sanxhaku M, 2006. “Identification of the zones with enough energy potential for application of the RET in Albania”, in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania”
project. Co-PLAN 2007
Profka D, 2006, “Use of Solar Energy for Electricity Production in Albania”, Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
SolTherm, 2006. Europe initiative for SolTherm “A Solar Water Heater for Every European”
www.soltherm.org
UNDP 2005. Market Transformation on Solar Thermal Water Heating in Albania October 2005 - June 2007 http://www.undp.org.al
Visser A and Hoed R., 2006. “Renewable Energy Sources for Albania” Study of in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
Xhelepi S, 2006, “Use of energy from Small Hydro Power Plants in Albania” Study in the framework of “Sustainable Energy for Albania” project. Co-PLAN 2007
Annex A
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Berat 6.8 7.7 9.8 13.4 17.6 21.2 23 23.8 20.8 16.5 11.8 8.2 Durres 8.3 9 11 14.2 18.2 21.8 24 23.9 21.4 17.6 13.4 9.8 Erseke 0.6 1.6 4.4 8.4 12.3 16 18.4 18.5 14.8 10.8 6.3 2.4 Fier 7.1 8.1 10.1 13.4 17.6 21.3 23.1 23 20.3 16.4 12 8.5 Gjirokaster 5.2 6.7 9.3 13 17.4 21.1 23.6 23.5 20.2 15.2 10.2 6.3 Korce 0.4 1.9 5 9.3 13.9 17.4 19.9 19.8 16.5 11.3 6.6 2.1 Kukes 0.5 3 6.8 11.8 16.5 20 22.2 21.9 18.2 12.6 7.3 2.4 Lezhe 6.8 8.1 10.5 13.7 17.9 21.3 23.9 23.7 21 17 12.2 8.3 Peshkopi -0.3 1.9 5.7 10.5 15.2 18.5 20.9 20.9 17.4 12 6.4 1.5 Q.B.Curri 1 3.1 6.8 11.3 16.1 19.3 21.6 21.3 17.8 12.4 6.6 2.3 Sarande 10.3 10.6 12.4 15.3 19.4 22.9 25.4 25.8 23.3 19.4 15.2 11.8 Shkoder 4.9 6.6 9.7 14 18.2 21.8 24.6 24.6 21 15.9 10.8 6.6 Tirane 6.7 7.8 10.1 13.4 17.8 21.5 23.9 23.8 20.8 16.3 11.7 8.1 Vlore 8.9 9.6 11.3 14.3 18.2 21.8 24.1 24.1 21.5 17.9 13.8 10.5
Table 10 Monthly average air temperatures for the main cities of Albania for the period 1961 - 2000 (0C)
[Source: I.H.M. 2006]
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Berat 97.5 83.3 78.6 78.5 74.4 47.4 30.8 40.4 56.1 84.2 121.1 109 Erseke 100.2 87 80.2 72.8 75.9 51.7 32.4 35.9 48.6 87.7 127.6 125.1 Fier 114.2 94.4 91.7 70 48.3 28.8 24.8 30.4 63 111 142.6 122 Gjirokaster 241.1 224.8 166.5 114.6 72.6 33.5 19.7 33.4 84.4 195.2 310.4 337.1 Korce 72.9 67.1 63.8 60.3 68.9 43.8 34 30.2 43.6 77.1 101.8 101.6 Sarande 145.4 137.9 112.4 74.4 48.1 21.8 9.1 25.4 76.8 154.8 204.9 185.4 Shkoder 216.9 175.3 166.1 158.1 104.3 71.4 38.2 79.2 161.7 195 265.1 253.1 Tirane 129.4 118.9 121 103.1 88.2 66.8 40.8 50.5 83.2 107 164.2 146.1 Vlore 103 86.2 84.7 61.4 49.8 23.1 16.2 27.2 64.4 108.4 138.2 129.4 Durres 110.6 91.4 95.2 76.3 50.8 38.7 23.9 34.8 62.5 101.1 132.9 113 Lezhe 154.5 127.8 132.7 121.4 89.5 70.4 35.8 58.3 86.5 141 187.6 157.3 Peshkopi 123.9 98.4 96.9 76.3 65.7 46.8 32.5 37.9 55.6 80.6 142 138.2 Q.B.Curri 175 157.6 148.2 128 99.7 60.2 41.1 51.2 99.3 156.8 275.8 243.1 Kukes 88.4 68.6 79.8 77.6 71.8 55.2 45.8 50.4 63.8 82.8 118.1 108.2
Table 11 The average monthly quantity of the falls for the main cities of Albania for the period 1961 - 2000 (mm)
[Source: I.H.M. 2006]
Shkode r
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Kuke s
0 5 10 15 20 25
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Durre s
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Pe shkopi
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Korce
0 5 10 15 20 25
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Vlore
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Sarande
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Gjirokaste r
0 5 10 15 20 25
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Muajt
Temp. mes (0C)
Figure 30 The distribution of the annual average air temperatures for the period 1961-2000
Shkode r
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Kuke s
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Durre s
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Pe shkopi
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Vlore
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Korce
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Sarande
0 50 100 150 200 250
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Gjirokaste r
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Muajt
Reshjet (mm)
Figure 31 The distribution of the annual average air distribution for the period 1961 – 2000
[Source: I.H.M. year 2006]
Month Shkoder Peshkopi Tirana Fier Erseke Sarande
January 1,70 1,55 1,80 2,15 1,90 1,90
February 2,30 2,30 2,50 2,85 2,70 2,40
March 3,35 3,25 3,40 3,90 3,40 3,60
April 4,50 4,15 4,20 5,00 4,40 4,80
May 5,45 5,25 5,55 6,05 5,60 5,80
June 6,10 5,85 6,40 6,80 6,40 6,80
July 6,50 6,25 6,70 7,20 6,80 6,10
August 5,55 5,45 6,05 6,40 5,90 4,80
September 4,45 4,35 4,70 5,15 4,70 3,60
October 2,90 2,90 3,20 3,50 3,10 3,20
November 2,10 1,85 2,15 2,40 2,10 2,10
December 1,70 1,50 1,75 1,85 1,80 1,80
Table 12 The solar radiation intensity for the 6 metrological stations [kWh/m2 day]
[Source: Q.E.E, 2006]
Annex B
Turbine Generator Annual production
(thous.kwh) Notes No. SHPP name Town
Start of the operation
Type Quantity Type Quantity
1 Tuçep Bulqiza 1969 Frenc-Austri 2 Elin-Austri 2 2100 Functioning 2 Bulqizë Bulqiza 1974
QJ-550/6.5-Kineze 2
NKEM-Gjermani 2 1600 Functioning
3 Zerqan Bulqiza 1976
CD-680/8.5-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze
2 1400 Functioning 4 Homesh Bulqiza 1975 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 800 Functioning 5 Gjorice Bulqiza 1961 Frenc-Gjermani
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 300 Functioning 6 Mirash Devolli 1968
B400-112-Shqiptare 1
A10-A/6-Shqiptare 1 80
Non functioning 7 Menkulas Devolli 1966
B400-112-Shqiptare 1
Al2-Al12-Shqiptare 1 70 Non functioning 8 Ziçisht Devolli 1968
B400-112-Shqiptare 1
Al11-B8-Shqiptare 1 30 Non functioning 9 Hoçisht Devolli 1980 France 380 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 30
Non functioning 10 Arras Diber 1980
CD-680/8.5-Kineze 3
TSWN-Kineze 3 6500
Weak functioning 11 Lure Diber 1976 Pelton-Hungari
1 Hungari 1 1000
Weak functioning 12 Kallavere Diber 1964
Frenc
350-Gjermani 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 470
Weak functioning 13 Tomin Diber 1977
Frenc
350-Gjermani 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 250 Functioning 14 Muhur Diber 1985
Frenc
360-Shqiperi 1 Shqiperi 1 950 Weak functioning 15 Labinot Elbasan 1970 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 230 Functioning 16 Gjinar Elbasan 1970 - 1
Mareli
-Italian 1 110 Functioning 17 Lenie Gramsh 1974
CD-680/8.5-Kineze 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 1950 Functioning 18 Kerpice Gramsh 1969 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 950 Functioning 19 Kapariel Gjirokaster 1969 HL-129-Kineze
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 500
Weak functioning 20 Picar Gjirokaster 1976 HL-129-Kineze
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 350
Weak functioning 21 Libohove Gjirokaster 1972
CD-680/8.5-Kineze 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 300
Weak functioning 22 Erind Gjirokaster 1967
P28-500-Shqiptare 1
Mareli
-Italian 1 300 Weak functioning 23 Cini Gjirokaster 1985 HL-129-Kineze
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 300
Non functioning 24 Kolonje Gjirokaster 1967
B400-112-Shqiptare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 50
Non functioning 25 Domaj-Has Hasi 1968 --- --- --- --- 50 Functioning
26 Rehove Kolonje 1962
Pelton-Gjermani 1 SEE-8108 1 300 Functioning 27 Barmash Kolonje 1970 HL-129-Kineze
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 670 Functioning 28 Rajan Kolonje 1973 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 750 Functioning 29
Leskovik
"1" Kolonje 1964
Frenc
350-Gjermani 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 350 Funksionon 30
Leskovik
"2" Kolonje 1970 HL-129-Kineze 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 490 Functioning 31 Kozel Kolonje --
Frenc
350-Gjermani -- Fimag
-- 200 Non functioning 32 Lozhan Korça 1970
P28-500-Shqiptare 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 560 Funksionon 33 Marjan Korça 1972
P28-400-Shqiptare 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 930
Non functioning 34 Treske "1" Korça 1974
P28-400-Shqiptare 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 560 Functioning 35 Treske "2" Korça 1986 HL-129-Kineze
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 850
Weak functioning 36 Qelidhone Korça 1972
QJ-550/6.5-Kineze 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 460 Functioning 37 Voskopoje Korça 1972 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 210
Weak functioning
38 Nikolice Korça 1978 Ganz-Hungari 3 FIG 3 1320 Functioning 39 Dardhe Korça 1966
P28-400-Shqiptare 1
Çekosllava
kia 1 70
Non functioning 40 Velcan Korça 1980
Pelton-Shqiperia 1 Shqipetare
1 1400 Functioning 41 Vithkuq Korça 1936 Pelton-Austria
3
ATB/6
190-Austria 3 3550 Functioning 42 Orgjost Kukes 1970 Frenc-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 1700 Functioning 43 Bicaj Kukes 1968 Frenc-Gjermani
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 350
Weak functioning 44 Vinjolle Laçi 1970
Pelton-Shqiperia 1
Çekosllava
kia 1 260 Functioning
45 Funares Librazhd 1988
CD-680/8.5-Kineze 3
TSWN-Kineze 3 5000 Functioning 46 Lunik Librazhd 1977 HL-129-Kineze 1 Shqiptare 1 900 Functioning 47 Orenje Librazhd 1972
QJ-550/6.5-Kineze 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 200
Weak functioning 48 Stravaj Librazhd 1972 HL-129-Kineze
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 550
Weak functioning 49 Qarrisht Librazhd 1968 Shqiptare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 80 Non functioning 50 Xhyre Librazhd 1987
Pelton-Shqipetare 1 Shqiptare 1 1600 Functioning 51 Vukel M.Madhe 1968
Frenc-Shqipetare 1 Shqiptare
1 150
Funksionim i dobet 52 Selce M.Madhe 1968
BANKI112-Shqipetare 1 ---
1 120
Funksionim i dobet 53 Tamare M.Madhe 1978
France-Shqipetare 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 500 Functioning 54 Vermosh M.Madhe 1968
BANKI112-Shqipetare 1 Shqipetare
1 200 Non functioning 55 Martanesh Mati 1976 HL-129-Kineze
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 500
Funksionim i dobet
56 Laç-Bruç Mati 1967 Shqipetare
1 Shqipetare
1 60 Non functioning 57
Kumbull-Meri Mirdite 1967
BANKI112-Shqipetare 1 Shqipetare
1 40 Functioning 58 Çarshove Permet 1969 Frenc-Gjermani
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 210
Weak functioning 59 Potgozhan Pogradec 1964
PELTON-ITALIAN 2 Italiane
1 30 Weak functioning 60 Llenge Pogradec 1968
Frenc-Shqipetare 1 Gjermane
1 30 Non functioning 61 Shpelle Pogradec 1974
Pelton-Shqipetare 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 300
Weak functioning 62 Flete Puke 1967
CD-680/8.5-Kineze 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 320 Functioning 63 Borsh Sarande 1986
Pelton-Shqipetare 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 750 Functioning 64 Piqeras Sarande 1971 HL-129-Kineze 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 865
Weak functioning 65 Leshnice Sarande 1973
QJ-550/6.5-Kineze 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 745 Functioning 66 Lukove Sarande 1965
BANKI112-Shqipetare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 70
Non functioning 67 Fush-Verri sarande 1965 Gjermane
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 20
Non functioning 68 Çorovode Skrapar 1974
Frenc-Hungareze 1 Fig.226/8
1 500 Functioning 69 Ujanik Skrapar 1975
Pelton-Hungareze 1 Fig.226/9
1 700 Functioning 70 Dukagjin Shkoder 1973 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 4000 Functioning 71 Theth Shkoder 1966
BANKI112-Shqipetare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 100 Functioning 72 Bene Shkoder 1970
Pelton-Shqipetare 1 A11-B12
1 130 Non functioning 73 Hormove Tepelene 1976
QJ-550/6.5-Kineze 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 300
Functioning 74 Lek-Bibaj Tropoje 1979 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 2700 Functioning 75 Shoshaj Tropoje 1973 HL-129-Kineze
2
TSWN-Kineze 2 1000
Weak functioning 76 Valbona Tropoja 1969
Frenc-Shqipetare 2 Gjermane
2 100 Functioning 77 Cerem Tropoje 1969
Pelton-Shqipetare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 20
Weak functioning 78 Dragobi Tropoje 1969
Frenc-Shqipetare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 50 Functioning 79
Curraj-Epshem Tropoje 1969
Frenc-Shqipetare 1
Çekosllova
ke 1 50 Functioning
80 Bradazhnice Tropoje 1975
Pelton-Shqipetare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 4 Functioning 81 Kelsyre Tropoje 1978
BANKI-Shqipetare 1
TSWN-Kineze 1 2 Functioning 82 Dhermi Vlore 1972
PELTON-Shqipetare 2
TSWN-Kineze 2 220 Functioning
83 Qeparo Vlore 1960 KENN
1
TSWN-Kineze 1 200
Non functioning
Table 13 The main characteristics of 83 existing small water plant stations
[Source: Xhelepi S, 2006]
No SHPP name Town Power (kw)
Annual Production (Thousand kWh) Notes
1 Vukel M. Madhe 14000 90 Proposal
2 Dukagjin 1 Shkoder 2000 11 Proposal
3 Dukagjin 2 Shkoder 9000 48 Proposal
4 Dukagjin 3 Shkoder 9000 49 Proposal
5 Postrib Shkoder 300 1.5 Study phase
6 Curraj - Eperm Tropoje 24000 125 Project - Proposal
7 Krasniqe Tropoje 1200 6 Project - Proposal
8 Valbona Tropoje 3000 15 Place locate
9 Begaj Tropoje 2500 10 Place locate
10 Bushtrice Kukes 1100 5.5 Project - Proposal
11 Uzine Kukes 1250 6.25 Project - Proposal
12 Broje Kukes 5900 23.6 Place locate
13 Tropojan Kukes 4500 18 Place locate
14 Lume Kukes 4000 16 Place locate
15 Lure 1 Diber 2400 11 Proposal
16 Lure 2 Diber 3000 13 Proposal
17 Lure 3 Diber 5000 22 Proposal
18 Arras 1 Diber 1200 4 Project - Proposal
19 Arras 2 Diber 1000 4.5 Study phase
20 Radomir 1 Diber 650 2.5 Project - Proposal
21 Radomir 2 Diber 2500 10 Study phase
22 Kalle Diber 2500 10 Study phase
23 Cerenec Bulqize 1200 5 Place locate
24 Bardhagjan Miredite 700 3 Place locate
25 Lis-Vinjoll Mat 150 0.8 Project - Proposal
26 Klos Mat 370 1.5 Project - Proposal
27 Selite Tirane 2500 12 Place locate
28 Skorane Tirane 1400 6 Study phase
29 Stravaj Librazhd 4200 21 Study phase
30 Spathar Librazhd 600 2.5 Project - Proposal
31 Dardhe Librazhd 800 3.5 Place locate
32 Peqin Peqin 800 6 Project - Proposal
33 Gostime Elbasan 10500 48 Project - Proposal
34 Bratila 1 Gramsh 3000 13.5 Place locate
35 Batila 2 Gramsh 3000 13.5 Place locate
36 Gjebres Skrapar 800 3.4 Place locate
37 Veliqote Tepelene 2000 9 Project - Proposal
38 Kuc - Allti Vlore 350 1.4 Project - Proposal
39 Kozel Kolonje 500 2 Project - Proposal
40 Kolonje Gjirokaster 700 3 Project - Proposal
41 Sasaj Sarande 5500 23 Project - Proposal
Table 14 The main characteristics of the identified small and medium HPP
[Source: Xhelepi S, 2006]
Annex C
Mining Calorific Power [kcal/kg]
The moisture content [%]
The ash content [%]
The sulphur content [%]
Krrabë 4254 7 30 4,0
Mushqeta 2676 9 53 3,2
Valias 1746 16 58 3,0
Alarup 3196 36 20 0,9
Memaliaj 3058 12 38 3,8
Vërdovë 2054 7 64 3,9
Table 15 The Characteristics of coals types in Albania
[Source: Ish-minierat, AKE, 2003]
HPP River Construction
Period
Installed Units
Installation Power [MW]
Annual Production [GWh]
Fierza Drin 1971-1978 4 500 1167
Komani Drin 1980-1988 4 600 1704
Vau i Dejës Drin 1967-1971 5 250 874
Ulza Mat 4 27 99
Shkopeti Mat 2 25 81
Bistrica I Bistricë 3 23 150
Bistrica II Bistricë 1 5,5
Bogova, Gjançi,
Selita, Smokthina 6 20 87
Small HPP Until 1988 14 200
Total 1464,5 4362
Table16 The characteristics of major existing HPP in Albania
[Source: IVH 2004]
HPP name River Planned for
construction
Installation power [MW]
Expected annual production
[GWh]
Bushati Drin 2007-2009 84 375
Skavica I Drin 2007-2013 130
Skavica II Drin 2007-2013 350 1700
Bratila Devoll 2007-2009 115 350
Banja Devoll 2007-2009 80 250
Kaluthi Vjosë 2008-2012 75 655