A AB, see 4-Aminoazobenzene
Abstinence syndrome, definition of, 246 Acaprine, resistance to, 78
4-Acetamido-3-chlorobenzene stibonic acid, see Stibosan
Acetate, requirement for, 356
4-Acetylaminobiphenyl, carcinogenesis, and, 289-290
2-Acetylaminoflourene, carcinogenesis and, 304
N-Acetylarsanilic acid, resistance to, 66, 71
Acetylcholine, brain and, 221 narcotics and, 212
Acetylcholinesterase, morphine and, 257 Acetylkynurenine, accumulation of, 355 Acetylmethylcarbinol, proflavine adapta
tion and, 47
Acridines, see also Acriflavine, Proflavine mutations and, 379-380
resistance to, 71, 376-377 trypanosomes and, 62 yeast enzymes and, 388 Acriflavine, see also Acridines
cytochrome oxidase and, 379-380 mitochondria and, 410
nucleic acids and, 47 parabasal body and, 380 resistance to, 65, 66, 93, 425
antagonism of, 68, 69 mechanism, 92-93 p-rosaniline and, 70 trypanosomes and, 343 yeast and, 343
ACTH, see Adrenocorticotropic hormone Adenine, requirement for, 357
pH and, 398 temperature and, 399 Adenocarcinomas,
azaguanine and, 277 mercaptopurine and, 279
Adenosine, mercaptopurine and, 280 Adenosine triphosphate, 220, 221
carcinogens and, 294
narcotics and, 213-214, 265-266 potassium and, 218
Adenylic acid, azaguanine and, 280 Adrenal glands,
alcohol and, 184-188 coat color and, 412 morphine and, 231, 252
Adrenocorticotropic hormone, tumor transplants and, 320
Aerobacter aerogenes, 88 drug resistance of, 28, 378-379 polymixin resistant, 391-393 proflavine adaptation and, 43-59 Alanine, 372
fluorophenylalanine and, 367 Alcohol,
adrenal glands and, 184-188 anoxia and, 209
brain respiration and, 219-220 consumption, variation in, 203 glycogen and, 189
metabolism, habit formation and, 2 0 5 - 206
potassium and, 219-220 spiders and, 420 Alcoholism,
ascorbic acid and, 187-188 definition of, 194
diet and, 189-193, 203-208 glucose and, 189
metabolic differences and, 205 proneness, 195, 413
Aldolase,
drug resistance and, 395 morphine and, 231 variations in, 200 Aldrin,
metabolism of, 140 resistance to, 148, 155
Alfalfa mosaic virus, nucleoprotein of, 372
N-Allynormorphine, 254
abstinence syndrome and, 247-248 diuresis and, 252
enzymes and, 414
morphological changes and, 259, 260 Alpha-peltatin, leukemias and, 271, 273 A-methopterin,
combination therapy with, 283-284 cross-dependence and, 278
dependence, 270-277 formate incorporation and, 276 leukemias and, 268-269
purine analog resistance and, 282-284, 342
Amino acids,
blood, variations in, 197 inhibition by, 358
tobacco mosaic virus and, 372 Aminoacridine, oxidation of, 384 5-Aminoacridine,
resistance to, 45
4-Amino-6- (2'-amino-6'-methylpyrimidyl- 4'-amino) quinaldine-l:l dimetho salt, see Antrycide
4-Aminoazobenzene, carcinogenesis and, 289 methylation of, 293 p-Aminobenzoic acid, 3
drug antagonism of, 77
drug resistance and, 69, 384, 397 requirement for, 398
2-Amino-4,6-bis (4-amino-2-methyl-6- quinolylamino)-s-triazine, see Surfen C
2-Amino-5-dimethylaminodiphenylamine, carcinogenesis and, 291
4-Amino-9,N10-dimethylpteroylglutamic acid, see A-denopterin
4-Amino-5-imidazolecarboxamide, strep
tomycin and, 388
4-Amino-N10-methylpteroylglutamic acid, see A-methopterin
2-Amino-l-naphthol, carcinogenesis and, 289
p-Aminophenol, excretion of, 295 p-(2-Aminopropyl) phenol, see Paredrine Aminopterin,
resistance, 341, 342
utilization of, 274-275
4-Aminopteroylglutamic acid, see Amin
opterin
Aminoquinolines, resistance to, 73 p-Aminosalicylic acid,
bacterial mitosis and, 87 isoniazid and, 36 resistance to, 10, 34
Aminotriazole, translocation of, 107 Amphetamine, tolerance to, 229-230, 249 Amylase,
herbicides and, 109, 111 variations in, 200
Anemone Pulsatilla, variations in, 177 Anhydrides, hypersensitivity and, 401 Aniline, carcinogens and, 295 Anoxia, 410
alcohol and, 209 Antabuse, 3, 191
Anthranilic acid, accumulation of, 355 Antibody, 417
altered protein and, 400 drug resistance and, 72-73 tumors and, 326-328 Anticholinesterase, 142 Antigens, tumors and, 328-329 Antrycide, resistance to, 62, 66, 67 Arabinose, adaptation, proflavine and, 4 7 -
48
Arginase, variations in, 200 Arginine,
influenza virus and., 372 requirement for, 360-361 Arsenic,
detoxification of, 139 excretion of, 138
resistance, 62, 97, 135, 138, 172, 178, 379
antagonism to, 68 human, 233 spontaneous, 71
Arsenite, resistance to, 65, 284, 378 Arsonic acids, resistance to, 65 Arsenophenylglycine,
resistance to, 64-65, 66 antagonism, 69
Arsenosobenzenebutyric acid, antagonism of, 69
Arsenosobenzenes, resistance to, 65 Arsphenamine, resistance to, 66 Ascorbic acid, 203
adrenal, alcohol and, 184, 188 genes and, 196
oxidation, herbicides and, 111 Asparagine,
bacterial enzymes and, 394 fluorophenylalanine and, 367
Aspartic acid, streptomycin and, 94-95, 387, 389, 390, 391
Atabrine, dehydrogenases and, 396 Atoxyl, resistance to, 65
Aureomycin,
antagonism to, 383 penicillin and, 383 resistance to, 35, 78, 382 Autocatalysis, 417-418 Avena, see Oats 8-Azaguanine,
A-methopterin and, 342
combination therapy with, 283-284 cross-dependence and, 278 deamination of, 281, 415 dependence, 278-289
folic analogs and, 282-284 incorporation of, 280-281 leukemias and, 271, 273, 277-278 resistance, 278-279
folic analogs and, 282-284 reversal of, 280
8-Azazanthine,
cross-dependence and, 278 tumor sensitivity and, 281 Azide,
morphine and, 260 nerve activity and, 265 oxygen uptake and, 258 resistance, 31, 34,
inheritance of, 9 Β
Babesia canis, drug resistance of, 78 Bacillus megaterium,
drug combinations and, 36 drug resistance in, 34 mitosis, antibiotics and, 86, 87 Bacillus subtilis, enzymes of, 393-394
Bacitracin,
antagonism to, 383 cross-resistance and, 379 Bacteria,
colonies, heterogeneity of, 374r-376 genes of, 5
mutations, deleterious, 11 variation, resistance and, 339-340 Bacteriophage,
drug resistance and, 32 lysogenic, 32, 33
resistance to, 9, 11, 34, 89, 381 clonal, 31
frequency, 14 origin, 56-57 radiation and, 423-424 streptomycin and, 17
Bacterium lactis aerogenes, see Aerobac- ter aerogenes
Barbital, excretion of, 235-236 Barbiturates,
acetylation and, 212
brain respiration and, 211-212, 266 cross-tolerance and, 229
phosphorylation and, 214 skin and, 418
tolerance to, 239 Barley,
herbicides and, 111, 112 mutants of, 8
Bed bugs, resistance of, 98 Bees, disease resistance of, 135 Beetles,
resistance of, 98, 158 modification of, 177
3,4-Benzpyrene, carcinogenesis and, 304 N-Benzylmethylaminoazobenzene, carcin
ogenesis and, 289 Biotin, requirement for, 357
3-4'-Bis (acetamido) -2'-carboxymethoxy- 4-hydroxy arsenobenzene, see Solu- salvarsan
1,1-Bis (p-chlorophenyl) -2,2-dichloro- ethylene, see DDE
l,l-Bis( p-chlorophenyl) -methyl carbinol, see DMC
1,1-Bis (p-chlorophenyl) -2,2,2-trichloro- ethane, see DDT
Blood, groups, 201
hydration, morphine and, 231 morphine concentration in, 236-237 pressure, morphine and, 225-226 Bodo, drug resistance of, 78
Boric acid, herbicide translocation and, 107
Brain, fuel of, 210 morphine and, 259
concentrations, 236-237 respiration, 209-210
alcohol and, 219-220
barbiturates and, 211-212, 266 malonate and, 218
tumor transplants and, 316, 317 Brassica alba, herbicides and 103 Brilliant green,
colony form and, 49, 50 fluctuation test and, 54 resistance, 91,
agar and, 48-49 development of, 51-52 Bromides, excretion of, 235 Buckwheat, herbicides and, 108 Butarsen, resistance to, 65, 66
C
Caffeine, tolerance to, 229, 249 Calcium, morphine and, 231 Camphor, mitosis and, 86 Carbohydrate,
brain activity and, 264 herbicides and, 105, 108-109 utilization, drug resistance and, 63 Carbon dioxide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-
acetic acid and, 113-114
2-Carboxymethylmercaptobenzene stibon- ic acid, resistance to, 65
Carcinogenesis,
altered protein and, 403-405 biochemical changes and, 301-302 mechanism of, 302-305
Carcinogens, enzymes and, 302 metabolism of,
demethylation, 293-295
over-all, 293
protein binding, 296-301 reduction, 295-296
structural requirements for, 288-291 Carcinoma, drug resistant, 284 Casein, bacterial enzymes and, 394 Catalase,
herbicides and, 111 nitrogen and, 394 proflavine and, 47 variations in, 200
Catenulin, cross-resistance and, 381 Cells, environment and, 418
Cerebrum, removal, drug addiction and, 414
Chaconines, 127 constitution of, 125 larvae and, 131 properties of, 125-126 Chemotherapy, multiple, 40 Chloramphenicol,
antagonism to, 383 colony form and, 49 fluctuation test and, 54 penicillin and, 383
resistance to, 10, 32, 35, 91-92, 376, 382
development of, 51, 56 replica plating and, 57 resting cells and, 85 stability, 48
Chlorate, plant respiration and, 110 Chlordane,
detoxification of, 139, 140 resistance to, 98,140, 148, 155 Chloretone, 220
acetylation and, 212 brain and, 211, 415 potassium and, 215-217 synaptic transmission and, 214 Chloromycetin, see Chloramphenicol 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid, activity of,
116
3- (p-Chlorophenyl) -1,1 -dimethyl urea, translocation of, 104
2-p-Chlorophenylguanidino-4-/?-diethyl- amino-6-methylpyrimidine hydro
chloride, Paludrine resistance and, 75
N'-p-Chlorophenyl-NMsopropylbiguanide, see Paludrine
N^p-Chlorophenyl-N^methyl-N^isopro- pylbiguanide, Paludrine resistance and, 74
Chlorophyll, 419 streptomycin and, 410
N1-5-Chloro-2-pyrimidyl metanilamide, see Metachloridine
Chlortetracycline, see Aureomycin Cholesterol, adrenal, alcohol and, 184-
188 Choline,
aminoazobenzenes and, 294 morphine and, 256
Cholinesterase, antagonists of, 141 variations in, 200
Chromosomes, non-disjunction, 362 Cinnamycin, resistance to, 34 Circulin, cross-resistance and, 379
Citrovorum factor, dependent leukemias and, 273-274
Citrulline, urinary, alcoholism and, 205 CMU, see 3- (Chlorophenyl) -1,1 -dimethyl
urea
Coagulase, drug resistance and, 376 Coca, chewing, diet and, 202 Cocaine, tolerance to, 229-230, 249 Cockroach,
arsenic detoxification and, 139 chlordane resistant, 140 DDT toxicity and, 137-138 resistance of, 98, 142
Codeine, enzyme action and, 238 Codling moth,
arsenic resistance, 135, 138, 172 resistance of, 97, 98
Colchicine, 7 mitosis and, 86, 87 resistance to, 78, 284
Colpidium, saponin resistance of, 177 Constipation, morphine and, 225 Convolvulus arvensis, herbicides and, 107,
108
Corn, herbicides and, 108, 112-113, 115 Cortisone,
leukemias and, 273
tumor transplants and, 319-320, 344 Cotton, herbicides and, 113
CPT, drug resistance and, 75 Crystal violet,
cross-resistance to, 379 resistance to, 45 Cyanide,
glycolysis and, 386 morphine and, 260
resistance to, 97, 135, 137, 142, 172 Cysteine,
drug resistance and, 68 streptomycin and, 387, 389 Cysteinylgylcinase, 372 Cytochrome, 343, 420
acridines and, 47, 388 inheritance and, 363 morphine and, 260 Cytochrome oxidase, acridines and, 388
drug resistance and, 142-143 morphine and, 231
mutations and, 379-380 Cytochrome c reductase,
acridines and, 388 carcinogens and, 302, 404 morphine and, 231, 257
Cytoplasm, inheritance and, 32-33, 3 6 2 - 364, 426-427
D
2,4-D, see 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid DAB, see 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene Dalapon, translocation of, 107
Dandelion, herbicides and, 103, 108, 110 Daraprim,
Paludrine resistance and, 75, 76 resistance to, 76, 77-78
Dauermodifikationen, 2, 26, 33, 378 loss of, 39
DDE,
DDT and, 156, 158
detoxification and, 140-141, 149, 150 DDT,
cytochrome oxidase and, 142-143 detoxification of, 139-141, 149, 162 diiodo analogue of, 154
penetration of, 136-137
resistance to, 98,122,135-136,137,148 mechanisms, 163
natural, 158
nerve activity and, 141-142 solvents and, 161-162 DDT-dehydrochlorinase, 415, 420
distribution of, 152-153 glutathione and, 150 inhibition of, 163 lice and, 156-157 sources of, 150-152 specificity of, 154-156 susceptible flies and, 153-154 Decarboxylase, nitrogen and, 394 Dehydrogenases,
acridines and, 46-47, 91-92, 93, 410 atabrine and, 396
drug resistance and, 63
5-Dehydroshikimic acid, inhibition and, 357-358
Demissidine, tomatidine and, 129 Demissine, 160
composition of, 127-128 larvae and, 124, 127 Deoxyribonucleic acid,
bacterial, 8
drug resistance and, 32 dyes and, 380
influenza virus and, 372 proflavine and, 47
Diabetes, oxygen uptake and, 210 Diamidines, resistance to 66, 67, 78 2,8-Diaminoacridine, see Proflavine 2,4-Diamino-5-p-chlorophenyl-l: 6-dihy-
dro-6:6-dimethyl-l: 3:5-triazine, see CPT
2,4-Diamino-5- (p-chlorophenyl) -6-ethyl- pyrimidine, see Daraprim
2,7-Diamino-10-methyl-9-phenylphenan- thridinium bromide, see Dimidium 2-4-Diaminopteridines, Paludrine and, 75,
76
2,6-Diaminopurine,
cross-dependence and, 278 incorporation of, 281 leukemias and, 273
1,2,5,6-Dibenzanthracene, carcinogenesis and, 304
2,4-Dichlorophenol, respiration and, 110 2,6-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 99, 100,
420
activity of, 116 inhibition of, 116
mechanism of action, 115-117 metabolism of,
respiration, 113-114 transformation, 114-115 penetration of, 101-102, 112
pH and, 103 temperature and, 102 phloem and, 104-106 plant responses to, 107-113 resistance to, 115, 117
α,α'-Dichloropropionic acid, see Dalapon Dieldrin,
metabolism of, 140 resistance to, 148
DDT-dehydrochlorinase and, 155 Diet,
coca chewing and, 202
disease resistance and, 339-340, 346 sugar consumption and, 202 tumors and, 345
2,6-Difluoro-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, carcinogenesis and, 290-291 3,5-Difluorotyrosine, resistance to, 367 Diguanidines, resistance to, 66 Dihydrostreptomycin, cross-resistance
and, 379
3,3'-Dihydroxybenzidine, carcinogenesis and, 289
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, carcinogenesis and, 287-288 demethylation of, 289, 293
derivatives, carcinogenesis and, 2 8 9 - 291
metabolism of, 403-404 protein and, 296-301, 415 reduction of, 295
N,N-Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, car
cinogenesis and, 295 Dimidium, resistance to, 66, 67 Dinito-o-sec-butyl phenol, translocation
and, 106
3?5-Dinito-o-cresol, toxicity of? 103
2,4-Dinitrophenol, narcotics and, 214, 215 respiration and, 110
brain, 219, 220
Diphosphopyridine nucleotide, carcino
gens and, 294, 295 Disease,
infectious, control strategy, 334-340 natural resistance to, 338-340 Dithienylbutenylamines, morphine toler
ance and, 228 Diuresis,
methylxanthines and, 229 morphine and, 225, 252 DMC, detoxification and, 140 Dreft, herbicides and, 101
Drosophila, DDT resistance and, 163-164 Drugs,
mutation rate and, 25 resistance,
absorption and, 63, 136-137, 158, 384, 385
adaptation and, 385-386, 415-416 antagonism of, 67-70, 383-384 antigenicity and, 64
behavior and, 135-136, 157-158, 161 by-pass mechanisms and, 142-143 colony form and, 49-50
control of, 39-40, 336-340 definition of. 373
detoxification and, 139-141, 384, 415 development of, 4-5, 21-30, 82 enzymes and 385-386, 396-398 excretion and, 138-139 fluctuation test and, 52-54 genetics and, 31, 134 growth rate and, 82-83, 90 loss of, 37-39
mechanisms, 2-3, 70-73, 77, 9 2 , 1 3 4 - 135, 157-158, 426-428 medium and, 27-30, 392-395 mutation and, 5, 83, 409, 415-416 nutrition and, 377-378
origin of, 50-52 patterns of, 34-37, 384 predisposition to, 381-383 reproducibility, 380 resting-cells and, 83-85
sensitivity and, 141-142, 381 specificity of, 64-67
storage and, 137-138 structure and, 136 test for, 54-58
responses, variations in, 201-202 tolerance, 223-224
Ε
Embryo, tumor transplantation and, 316 Emesis, morphine and, 225, 227
Emetine, resistance to, 78 Emulsin, 126, 130
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and, 115
Endamoeba histolytica, drug resistance of, 78, 430
Enzymes, 417
adaptive, 1-2, 6, 88, 419
drug resistance and, 380, 396-398 herbicides and, 111-112
proflavine adaptation and, 43-44, 4 7 - 48
zinc and, 2
Epidermis, plant, structure of, 100-101 Epilachna varivestis, see Beetles Epinephrine,
morphine and, 252-253, 266 resistance to, 414
Equine encephalomyelitis virus, 372 Erythrocytes, tumor immunity and, 329 Erythromycin,
bacterial mitosos and, 87 resistance to, 34 Escherichia coli,
azide resistant, 31
bacteriophage resistant, 31 cytogenetics of, 8
gene recombination in, 6-7, 8-10 lactose fermentation and, 54-55, 88 mutation,
rates, 33 reverse, 399
polymixin resistance of, 36 radiation resistant, 13-14 resistant, 34, 89, 378-379
resting-cells? 377
streptomycin and, dependent, 398
resistant, 21, 31-32, 82, 83-84, 2 8 1 - 282, 343, 378, 382, 387, 3 8 8 - 390
sulfonamide resistant, 377-378, 397 Ethanol, see Alcohol
Ethylhydrocupreine, resistance to, 93 Euflavine, cytoplasmic inheritance and, 33 Euglena, streptomycin and, 343, 377, 410 Evipan, brain respiration and, 211-212 Evolution,
population interaction and, 411 variants and, 1
Eye,
morphine and, 225 tumor transplants and, 317
F
Fat, DDT toxicity and, 137-138, 152, 161-162
Feulgen reaction, bacteria and, 85-86 Flavin adenine dinucleotide, carcinogen
reduction and, 295 Flavoproteins,
acriflavine and, 91-93 cyanide resistance and, 142 drug resistance and, 396 Fleas, resistance of, 98 Flies,
chlordane resistant, 140 cross-resistance of, 148
DDT resistant, 135-136,137, 140, 142- 143, 161
origin of, 157
sensitivity of, 141-142 resistance of, 98 toxaphene resistant, 140 Fluctuation test, 411
drug resistance and, 52-54 factors affecting, 52-53 leukemia and, 342
proflavine resistance and, 91 validity of, 88, 89, 345-346
4'-Fluoroaminoazobenzene, carcinogenesis and, 289
Fluorophenylalanine, metabolism of, 367
resistance to, 366-367 Fluorophenylpyruvic acid, 367 5-Fluorotryptophan, resistance to, 367 Fluorotyrosines, resistance to, 367 Folic acid,
analogs,
absorption of, 275
azaguanine dependence and, 278 dependence on, 269-270 detoxification of, 275
nucleic acid synthesis and, 275-277 phosphate incorporation and, 276 conversion to citrovorum factor, 274,
275
drug antagonism of, 77 leukemias and, 273, 274 Formaldehyde,
carcinogens and, 294 mitosis and, 86
Formate, incorporation, folic analogs and, 276
Formic hydrogenlyase, nitrogen and, 394
streptomycin and, 387, 388, 398 Formic oxidase, streptomycin and, 387 Foulbrood, resistance to, 135 Fowl, domestication of, 168
Fructose, oxidation, narcotics and, 217 Fuchsin, see p-Rosaniline
Furadroxyl, resistance to, 32
G
Galactose, solanine and, 125-126, 127 Galactozymase, acridines and, 388 Garlic, herbicides and, 108
Gelatin, bacterial enzymes and, 393-394 Gelatinase, glycine and, 394
Genes, 417
blocked, protein and, 399-400 cytoplasmic, 410
drug resistance and, 24-25, 426-427
"leaky", 196
metabolic pathways and, 195-202 recombination,
bacterial, 31-32 resistance and, 424-425 suppressor, 360-361
Glucose,
alcohol and, 189 brain and, 210 oxidation, 218
narcotics and, 211-212, 217 solanine and, 125-126, 127 utilization,
nitrogen and, 394
streptomycin, 387-388, 398 sulfathiazole and, 397 tryptophan and, 386, 387 Glucuronidase, variations in, 200 Glutamic acid, 372
brain and, 210
influenza virus and, 372
oxidation, narcotics and, 212, 217 streptomycin resistance and, 390 sulfathiazole and, 387, 397 tobacco mosaic virus and, 372 Glutathione,
arsenic and, 139 DDT and, 150
drug resistance and, 63. 68, 69 Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogen
ase, drug resistance and, 395 Glycerol, adaptation, proflavine and, 4 7 -
48
Glycerophosphate, oxidation, narcotics and, 212
Glycine,
gelatinase and, 394 requirement for, 399 Glycogen, alcohol and, 189
Glycogenolysis, morphine and, 252-253 Glycolic acid, oxidation, herbicides and,
111 Glycolysis,
drugs and, 386
morphine and, 231-232
Gonadotropin, urinary, alcoholism and, 205
Grasses, herbicides and, 112, 118 Growth rate, drug resistance and, 82-83 Growth stage, herbicides and, 112-113 Guanine,
azaguanine and, 280
incorporation, leukemia and, 281 requirement for, 356-357
Guanylic acid, azaguanine and, 280 Η
Halides, hypersensitivity and, 401 Heart, morphine and, 225-226 Hemophilus pertussis, 7
drug resistance and, 382 Heptachlor,
metabolism of, 140 resistance to, 148, 155
l,4,5,6,7,8,8'-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetra- hydro-4,7-methanoindane, see Hep
tachlor
Herbicides, translocation of, 103-107 Heritability, degrees of, 167-168,173-174 Heroin, oxygen consumption and, 232 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane, see
Lindane
l,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-l,4,- 4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-l,4,5,6-dim- ethanonaphthalene, see Dieldrin l,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-l,4,4a,5,8,8a- hexahydro-l,4,5,8-dimenthanonaph- thalene, see Aldrin
Hexatantalate, tartar emetic and, 68, 69, 70
Hippuric acid, urinary, alcoholism and, 205
Histamine,
morphine and, 252, 266 tolerance, development of, 265 Histaminase, histamine tolerance and, 265 Histidine,
requirement for, 398 streptomycin and, 390 synthesis of, 355
tobacco mosaic virus and, 372 Histidinol, 355
Homocysteine, threonine and, 358 Homoserine, threonine and 358 Hormones, variation in, 201
Hyamine-2389, herbicides and, 101-102 Hydrogenase, nitrogen and, 394 Hydroquinone, glycolysis and, 386 3-Hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl, carcin
ogenesis and, 289-290
4-Hydroxy-3-aminoarsenosobenzene, drug resistance and, 71
Hydroxyanthranilic acid, accumulation of, 352, 355
4'-Hydroxy-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, carcinogenesis and, 289
N-/?-Hydroxyethylmethylaminobenzene, carcinogenesis, and 289
Hydroxystreptomycin, cross-resistance and, 379
Hyperinsulinism, alcohol and, 205 Hypersensitivity, altered protein and, 4 0 1 -
402
Hypothalamus, alcoholism and, 413 Hypoxanthine, requirement for, 357
I Immunity,
tumors and, 315 antibodies, 326-328 antigens, 328-329 genetics, 313-315 nature of, 315-322 specificity, 322-326 transplantation and, 312
Imidazoles, histidine synthesis and, 355 Indol, tryptophan and, 353, 359
Indoleacetic acid, mechanism of action, 115, 116
Infections, bacterial, selection and, 171 Infiltration test, potato and, 123-124 Influenza,
control of, 335 mutants of, 372 Inheritance,
cytoplasmic, 425 environment and, 427 metabolic blocks and, 364-366 varietal characteristics and, 174 Insects, monophagous, adaptations of, 170 Invertase, nitrogen and, 394
Iodoacetate, DDT-dehydrochlorinase and, 163
IPC, see Isopropyl carbamate
1-Isomethadone, nerve morphology and, 231
Isoniazid,
p-aminosalicylic acid and, 36 dependence, 37
mutation rate and, 34
resistance, 10, 89 facultative, 35-36
Isopropyl carbamate, translocation of, 107 Κ
Kappa, 410, 418, 419
cytoplasmic inheritance and, 33 Kerosene, plant respiration and, 110 Ketobemidon, nerve morphology and, 231 α-Ketoisovaleric acid, accumulation of,
356
17-Ketosteroids, morphine and, 252 Kinetonucleus, see Parabasal body Klebsiella, drug antagonism in, 383 Kynurenic acid, accumulation of, 355
L Lactic acid,
brain activity and, 264 cyanide and, 386
oxidation, narcotics and, 211-212, 217 streptomycin and, 388
Lactic dehydrogenase, drug resistance and, 395
Lactobacillus, mercaptopurine and, 279, 280
Lactose, fermentation, 8, 11 Lag,
phenomic, 24-25 proflavine and, 43, 44 Lamarkianism, 426
drugs and, 409
Leafhoppers, resistance of, 98 Learning, fixation of, 420-421
Lecithin, morphine tolerance and, 230, 256
Lemna minor, dinitrocresol and, 103 Leptinotarsa decemlineata, see Beetle Leucine, polymixin resistance and, 391 Leukemias,
antimetabolites and, 268-269 azaguanine dependent, 278-279 cross-dependence of, 273 dependent,
azaguanine incorporation in, 280-281 diaminopurine incorporation in, 281 folic analog dependent, 269-277
formate incorporation and, 276 mercaptopurine and, 279 resistant,
mechanisms, 274-277 origin, 281-282
spontaneous, immunity and, 321 therapeutic considerations, 282-284 Lice,
DDT-dehydrochlorinase in, 156-157 resistance of, 98
transformations of, 169-170 Lindane,
detoxification of, 139 metabolism of, 140 resistance to, 148, 155—156 Lipase,
herbicides and, 111 variations in, 200 Lipids,
blood, variations in, 197-200 morphine and, 230
Locusts, phenol detoxification by, 140 Luminal, 220
brain respiration and, 211-212 potassium and, 215-217 Lycobiose, 126
tomatine and, 130
Lycotriose, constitution of, 130 Lysine,
influenza virus and, 372 requirement for, 360-361 streptomycin resistance and, 390 tobacco mosaic virus and, 372
Μ
MAB, see 4-Monomethylaminoazobenzene Magnamycin, bacterial mitosis and, 87 Malachite green, cross-resistance to, 379 Maleate, glycolysis and, 386
Maleic hydrazide, 100
Malonate, brain respiration and, 218 Mammals, winter coats of, 173 Mannitol, drug resistance and, 376 Mapharsen,
antagonism of, 69 resistance to, 62, 63, 66
MCP, see 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid
Medium, drug resistance and, 27-30, 389, 392-395
Melamine, see also Triethylene melamine drug antagonism and, 69
Melarsen,
antagonism of, 69-70 resistance to, 66
Meningococcus, streptomycin dependent, 397-398
Mercaptopurine,
A-methopterin and, 342 cross-dependence and, 278 leukemias and, 268-269, 271 resistance to, 279, 284
folic analogs and, 282 reversal of, 280
tumors and, 279
Meristem, herbicides and, 112-113 Mescaline,
spiders and, 420 tolerance and, 249 Meperidine,
enzyme action and, 237-238 excretion of, 235
morphine tolerance and, 228
morphological changes and, 258-260 Metabolism, genetic control of, 195-202 Metachloridine,
Paludrine and, 75 resistance to, 77
Metastasis, immunity and, 330-331 Methadone,
adrenal and, 231 excretion of, 235
morphine tolerance and, 228
morphological changes and, 258-260 nerve morphology and, 231
Methionine,
polymixin resistance and, 391 requirement for, 398
threonine and, 358
tobacco mosaic virus and, 372 Methopterin,
leukemias and, 273 utilization of, 277
Methoxychlor, resistance to, 148, 155 3'-Methylaminoazobenzene, carcinogene
sis and, 289
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, carbohydrate metabolism and, 109 enzymes and, 111
20-Methylcholanthrene,
carcinogen demethylation and, 295 carcinogen reduction and, 296 tumor inhibition and, 296
6-Methyldihydromorphine, nerve mor
phology and, 231
2-Methyl-4-dimethylaminoazabenzene, carcinogenesis and, 303
Methyl-4-monomethylaminoazobenzene, demethylation of, 294
mitochondria and, 404 Methylene blue,
cross-resistance and, 379 resistance to, 47
9-Methylpteroylglutamic acid, leukemias and, 273
N10-Methylpteroylglutamic acid, see Meth- opterin
Micrococcus pyogenes, drug antagonism in, 383
streptomycin resistant, 376, 390-391 Mites, resistance of, 98
Mitochondria, 417-418 acridines and, 88, 93 brain activity and, 265 carcinogenesis and, 302, 404 inheritance and, 33
narcotics and, 230, 264 Mitosis,
bacterial, 86
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and, 108 Modifications,
development of, 178 human posture and, 179
inheritance and, 175-176, 178-179 persistence of, 176, 178
Monocytes, sensitivity and, 401, 402, 403 4-Monomethylaminoazobenzene,
carcinogenesis and, 289 demethylation of, 289, 293 Morning glory, herbicides and, 108 Morphinan,
morphine tolerance and, 228
morphological changes and, 258-260 Morphine,
acute symptoms of, 259 antitoxin and, 238
cell permeability and, 255-256 cellular resistance to, 238-240 chronic symptoms, 259 coenzyme function and, 256
conjugation of, 234-235, 237, 253, 384, 405
cross-tolerance and, 228-230 dependence,
development of, 248-249 enzymes and, 415 signs of, 246-247
species differences and, 249-250 tolerance and, 225
diphasic action of, 239-240, 260-262 enzymes and, 256-257, 258
excretion, tolerances and, 233-236 morphological changes and, 258-260 nervous system and, 413-414 oxygen consumption and, 232, 251, 258 sedation and, 225
storage of, 236-237, 254 tolerance,
acute, 227-228 antitoxins and, 251-252 development of, 224-227 disappearance of, 227 mechanism of, 232-240
morphological and chemical changes, 230-232
toxicity of, 226
withdrawal of, 247, 248
Morphine monoglucuronide, drug toler
ance and, 253
Mosquitoes, resistance of, 98, 135-136 Musca domestiea, see Flies
Mutagens,
drug resistance and, 409 responses to, 12-15 Mutants,
embryology of, 166 enzymes of, 398-399
multiple, requirements of, 359-362 Mutation,
direction of, 7-8, 10-12 drugs and, 409, 428-430 environment and, 419-420
evolution and, 1, 166, 174-176, 179- 180
frequency of, 7
inhibitions and, 356-358 multiple effects, 355-356 partial, 358-359 rates, 33-34
combination therapy and, 283-284
"reverse", 12, 37, 399 selection and, 412 spontaneous, 373-374 viability and, 165
Mutilation, inheritance and, 168-169 Mycobacterium ranae,
isoniazid dependent, 37 mutation rate,
isoniazid and, 34 streptomycin and, 33 Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
resistance to, 403
streptomycin resistant, 83, 84 Ν
Nalorphine, see N-Allynormorphine Naphthaleneacetic acid, 116
carbohydrate metabolism and, 108 ß-Naphthylamine, carcinogenesis and, 289 Naphuride, resistance to, 64, 66
Neoarsphenamine, resistance to, 66 Neomycin,
antagonism of, 383 cross-resistance and, 381 Nerve,
morphology, morphine and, 230-231 morphine and, 239-240, 250-251, 4 1 3 -
414 Neurospora,
adenine requirement of, 399 cytochromes of, 388
cytoplasmic inheritance in, 362-364 fluorophenylalanine resistant, 366-367 histidine and, 353-354
sulfanilamide and, dependent, 397-398, 399 resistant, 377
tryptophan and, 353 uridine requirement of, 399 vitamin requirement of, 398
Nicotinic acid, 203, 388 drug resistance and, 396 poky strain and, 363 synthesis of, 352-353
Night blue, cross resistance to, 379 Nitrogen mustards,
mutations and, 25 resistance to, 284
Normorphine, morphine and, 238, 254 Nucleases, carcinogens and, 302, 404 Nuclei, bacterial, 8
Nucleic acids, see also Deoxyribonucleic acid, Ribonucleic acid,
alloxan and, 47
carcinogenesis and, 302, 404 drug resistance and, 68, 69 immune reactions and, 371-372 poky strain and, 363
proflavine and, 47 specificity of, 371
synthesis, folic analogs and, 275-277 Nutrition, drug resistance and, 377-378
Ο
Oats, herbicides and, 112, 115-116 l,2,4,5,6,7,7,8,8-Octachloro-3a,4,7,7a-
tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane, see Chlordane
Octamethylpyrophosphoramide, see OMPA
Octanoxidase, carcinogens and, 302, 404 OMPA,
metabolism of, 141 resistance to, 142 Onion, herbicides and, 108
Ophiostoma, purine requirement and, 356-357
Optochin, see Ethylhydrocupreine Organisms, environment and, 418 Organization, levels of 416-419
Oxalacetic oxidase, carcinogens and, 302, 404
Oxazine, cross-resistance and, 379 Oxydimorphine, morphine and antagon
ism and, 237, 254 Oxygen,
toxicity of, 210-211 uptake, brain and, 209-210
466
Oxytetracycline, see Terramycin Ρ
Paludrine,
antagonists of, 77 resistance to, 73, 382
specificity, 74-77
Pamaquine, resistance to, 73, 74 Pantothenic acid,
alcoholism and, 204 requirement for, 398 sulfonamides and, 386-387 Parabasal body,
acridines and, 380
drug resistance and, 62, 72, 384 Paraldehyde, tolerance to, 229 Paramecium,
adaptation of, 78 antigenic variations in, 6 cytoplasmic inheritance and, 362 drug resistance of, 64, 378 kappa and, 410
modifications in, 174, 176-177 Paredrine, tolerance to, 229 Pasteur effect, narcotics and, 215 Pathogenicity, drug resistance and, 63 Pectin methoxylase, herbicides and, 111 Pediculus humanus, see Lice
Penicillin,
antagonistic drugs, 383
resistance to, 6, 32, 93, 376, 377, 382 loss of, 38
multistep, 34-35 resting cells and, 85 sensitivity to, 401 Penicillinase, 22, 384
drug resistance and, 376 production of, 27 Pentobarbital,
adenosine triphosphate and, 214 tolerance to, 239
Pentothal, brain respiration and, 218-219 Peptidases,
drug resistance and, 284 variations in, 200
Peptone, bacterial enzymes and, 394 Peroxides,
carcinogens and, 296
demethylation and, 294-295 PGA, see Folic acid
Phaseolus vulgaris, herbicides and, 107, 108, 111
Phenol,
colony form and, 49-50 detoxification of, 140 fluctuation test and, 54 resistance to, 88-89, 91-92 Phenol sulfatase, variations in, 200 Phenotype, drug resistance and, 26-27 Phenylalanine,
fluorophenylalanine and, 367 streptomycin and, 94-95, 390, 391 p-Phenylenediamine,
carcinogens and, 293 excretion of, 295
oxidation, narcotics and, 212 Phenylethylbarbiturate, see Luminal Phenylmethyl ureas, translocation of, 107 1-Phenylsemicarbazide, colony form and,
49, 50
Phloem, herbicide translocation and, 104-106
Phosphatase,
herbicides and, 111 variations in, 200 Phosphates,
high-energy, brain activity and, 265 incorporation, folic analogs and, 276 narcotics and, 264
streptomycin resistance and, 378 Phosphocreatine, brain and, 221 Phosphorylase, herbicides and, 111 Phosphorylation, uncoupling of, 264 Pig, domestication of, 168
Piperonyl cyclonene, DDT and, 140 Pituitary gland,
alcohol and, 185-186 morphine and, 225, 231, 252 Plant, epidermis, structure of, 100-101 Plasmodium, drug resistance of, 73-78,
382
Plastids, 410, 418 inheritance and, 33 Pneumococcus, 7
drug resistance in, 32, 93, 396 R-forms, 93
Polymixin,
cross-resistance to, 379
resistance to, 28, 36, 382, 391-393 Polyphosphate, accumulation of, 356 Polysaccharides,
herbicides and, 160 poky stain and, 363 Populations,
adaptations of, 421-422 environment and, 418-419 Potassium,
alcohol oxidation and, 219-220 barbiturates and, 215-217 brain respiration and, 217-218 morphine and, 231
Potato,
beetle resistant, 123 glycosides of, 124-128 Predator, prey-relationship, 413 Prodenia,
Pyrethrins and, 139 rotenone and, 138
Proflavine, see also Acridines absorption of, 45
adaptation, agar and, 48-49 development of, 55-56 fluctuation test and, 53 mechanisms of, 88 rate of, 45-46 stability of, 48 colony form and, 49-50 enzymes and, 43-44, 47-48 growth and, 43
nucleic acids and, 69 resistance, 37, 38, 87-88
fluctuation test and, 91 growth rate and, 92 replica plating and, 57 Proguanil, see Paludrine Proline,
streptomycin and, 387, 389, 390 requirements for, 360-361 Propamidine, resistance to, 45
stability of, 48 Protein,
altered,
antibody and, 400
carcinogenesis and, 403-405 hypersensitivity and, 401-402 narcotic addiction and, 405 carcinogen binding and, 296-301 carcinogenesis and, 302-305, 404 drug resistance and, 395-404 function, environment and, 417 mutations and, 398-399 Protozoa, drug resistance in, 26 Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
drug resistance in, 28, 378-379, 382 enzymes of, 393-395
polymixin resistant, 391
Pseudomorphine, see Oxydimorphine Pteroylglutamic acid, see Folic acid Pyrethrins, detoxification of, 139 Pyridoxal phosphate, tryptophan and, 353 Pyridoxine,
dependence, abnormal, 245 requirement for, 398
N^Pyrimidylsulfanilamide, see Sulfadia
zine Pyronine,
cross-resistance and, 379 parabasal body and, 380 trypanosomes and, 62 Pyruvic acid,
accumulation of, 356 brain and, 210 oxidation, 218, 220
narcotics and, 211-212, 217, 266 utilization, 386
streptomycin and, 387, 389-390, 398 Pyruvic oxidase, oxygen and, 211
Q Quinine,
oxidation of, 384 resistance to, 73
Quinolines, resistance to, 64
Quinolinic acid, accumulation of, 355, 359 R
Racemorphan, nerve morphology and, 231
Radiations,
carcinogenesis and, 304 drug resistance and, 423-424
infection and, 346 mutations and, 381 resistance to, 13-14
gene recombination and, 424 specificity of, 14-15
tumor transplants and, 319-320, 344 Replica plating, 91-92
mutants and, 94-95 validity of, 89 Respiration,
herbicides and, 109-111 morphine and, 225, 226
Reticuloendothelial system, tumor trans
plants and, 320
Rhamnose, solanine and, 125-126, 127 Rhodanate, morphine and, 258 Riboflavin, 388
alcoholism and, 204
carcinogenesis and, 295, 299, 302, 404 drug resistance and, 396
poky strain and, 363
requirement, temperature and, 358, 398 sulfonamides and, 386-387
Ribonucleic acid, influenza virus and, 372 Ribonucleoprotein,
inheritance and, 425 viruses and, 372
Ricin, sensitivity, inheritance of, 176 p-Rosaniline,
acriflavine and, 68, 69, 70 resistance, 61, 62, 66, 379
antibodies and, 73 Rotenone, excretion of, 138 Rous sarcoma virus, 372
S Saccharomyces,
irradiation of, 398 Salmonella, 7
colchicine and, 87 control of, 335 transduction and, 32 Saponin, resistance to, 177
Sarcoma, mercaptopurine and, 279, 284 Scale,
cyanide resistance of 142, 171-172 resistance of, 97, 135
Satellites, drug resistance and, 49, 50
Schradan, see OMPA Scurvy, alcohol and, 185-187
Sedation, morphine and, 224-225, 226, 227
Segregation, variations in, 177 Selazine, cross-resistance and, 379 Selection, evolution and, 166 Selenium, tolerance to, 99-100 Semicarbazide, 294
Sensitivity, collateral, 381 Serine,
aminoaxobenzenes and, 294 fluorophenylalanine and, 367 polymixin resistance and, 391 requirement for, 399
tryptophan and, 353, 359 Serratia, enzymes of, 393-394 Shikimic acid, inhibition and, 357-358 Sieve tubes, herbicide translocation and,
104-105
Smallpox, control of, 335
Sodium, urinary, alcoholism and, 205 Solabiose, structure of, 126
Solanidine, constitution of, 125 Solanines, 127
constitution of, 124-125 larvae and, 130
properties of, 125-126 toxicity of, 160
Solanum tuberosum, see Potato Solatriose, composition of, 126, 127 Solusalvarsan, resistance to, 66 Sonchus arvensis, herbicides and, 107 Southern bean mosaic virus, 372 Soybeans, herbicides and, 109 Spiders, drugs and, 420
Spleen, tumor transplants and, 316-317 Staphylococcus,
drug resistant, 376, 377, 378-379 penicillin resistance in, 6, 27, 34, 38 streptomycin resistant, 82, 83, 178 sulfathiazole and, 397
tryptophan and, 386-387 Stibonic acids, resistance to, 65 Stibosan, resistance to, 65 Stilbamidine, resistance to, 67, 78 4,4'-Stilbene-dicarboxamidine diisothion-
ate, resistance to, 67
Streptococcus,
drug antagonisms in, 383
folic antagonist resistant, 274-275 Streptomyces, irradiation of, 14 Streptomycin,
alternative pathways and, 428 antagonism to, 383
bacterial mitosis and, 87 cross-resistance to, 379, 381 dependence, 244, 397-398
variations in, 12 Escherichia coli and, 343 Euglena and, 343, 377, 410
mutation rate and, 15-17, 25, 94-95 pH and, 28
resistance, 32, 82-85, 89, 178, 376, 377, 378, 382
amino acids and, 387, 389, 390-391 facultative, 35-36
inheritance of, 9, 10, 11, 12 loss of, 37-38
multiple step, 34 mutation rate, 33, 381 prevalence, 14-15, 21 radiation and, 423-424 replica plating and, 57 specificity of, 90
Streptothricin, cross-resistance and, 381 Structure, determinism and, 416 Strychnine, tolerance and, 249 Succinate,
oxidation, 217 narcotics and, 212 proflavine adaptation and, 47 Succinic dehydrogenase, proflavine adap
tation and, 47 Succinoxidase, 343
carcinogens and, 302, 404 Sucrose, fermentation of, 47 Sugar,
alcohol consumption and, 204-205 consumption, restriction of, 202 Sulfadiazine, 77
resistance to, 74, 75, 76, 382 Sulfanilamide, 3
dependence, 397-398, 399 resistance, 377, 382 threonine and, 358
Sulfathiazole,
pyruvate utilization and, 386 resistance to, 377-378, 397 Sulfonamides, see also specific drugs
antagonists of, 77 resistance to, 78, 379, 397 sensitivity to, 401
tryptophan utilization and, 386-387 Surfen C,
drug antagonism and, 69 resistance to, 66
Τ Tartar emetic,
resistance to, 62, 65, 66, 73, 97 antagonism of, 68, 69 sensitivity to, 70
Taurocholate, resistance to, 93 TCA, see Trichloroacetic acid Tellurite, resistance to, 45 TEM, see Triethylene melamine Temperature,
coat color and, 412 herbicides and, 102 morphine and, 226, 227 mutants and, 358
nutritional requirements and, 398-399 Tergitol-7, herbicides and, 101, 102 Terramycin,
antagonism to, 383 bacterial mitosis and, 87 penicillin and, 383
resistance to, 10, 32, 35, 78, 382, 430 Testis, tumor transplants and, 317 Tetraethylammonium, vasodilation and,
420
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide, see Anta
buse Tetrahymena,
aminopterin and, 274-275 araguanine and, 280
Theobromine, caffeine tolerance and, 229 Theophylline, caffeine tolerance and, 229 Thiamine,
alcoholism and, 204 drug resistance and, 396 Thiazine
cross-resistance and, 379
resistance to, 396 Thioglycolic acid,
drug resistance and, 68 tartar emetic and, 70
Thioguanine, cross-dependence and, 278 Thionophosphates, metabolism of, 141 Thiopental, 220
excretion of, 236 tolerance to, 229, 239 Threonine, inhibition by, 358 Thrips, resistance of, 97
Thymine, incorporation, leukemia and, 281
Thymol,
colony form and, 50 fluctuation test and, 54 resistance, 51-52, 91 Thyroid gland,
coat color and, 412 morphine and, 231, 252 Tick, resistance of, 97
Tissue cultures, morphine and, 226-227, 250
Tobacco mosaic virus, amino acids of, 372 inheritance and, 425 mutants of, 372
Tomatidine, degradation of, 129 Tomatine,
constitution of, 128-130 larvae and, 124 Tomato,
alkaloid of. 128-130 herbicides and, 109, 116
Tomato bushy stunt virus, nucleoprotein and, 372
Toxaphene,
detoxification of, 140 resistance to, 98
Tradescantia palludosa, streptomycin and, 85
Transduction, drug resistance and, 32 Transforming agents, 7, 371
drug resistance and, 32 Translocation,
chemical structure and, 106-107 phloem and, 104-106
l,3,5-Triazinyl-2,4-diamino-6-p-amino- phenylarsonic acid, see Melarsen Trichloroacetic acid, translocation of, 107 1,1,1 -Trichloro-2,2-bis (p-methoxy-
phenyl) ethane, see Methoxychlor Trichlorophenoxyacetic acids,
activity of, 116 enzymes and, 111 translocation of, 106
Trichomonas vaginalis, drug resistance of, 78
Triethylene melamine, see also Melamine cross-dependence and, 278, 279 leukemias and, 271, 273
Triphenylmethane dyes, resistance to, 64 Triphosphopyridine nucleotide, carcino
gens and, 294, 295 Tritons, herbicides and, 101 Trogoderma, DDT and, 142
Trypan blue, tumor transplants and, 320 Trypanosomes, 343
arsenic resistant, 379
drug resistant, 61-63, 66, 68, 70-72, 378, 384, 396
fuchsin resistant, 379 parabasal body, 380 Tryparosan, resistance to, 66
Tryparsamide, resistance to, 62, 71, 72 Tryptophan,
degradation of, 352-353 glucose utilization and, 386 influenza virus and, 372 synthesis, 353, 359
inhibitor of, 353-354
utilization, sulfathiazole and, 397 Tryptophan desmolase, multiple mutants
and, 360 Tuberculin,
sensitivity, 310
altered protein and, 402-403 antibody and, 401, 402 Tumors,
antigens of, 310-311
azaguanine incorporation in, 280 azo dye binding and, 300-301 diet and, 345
embryological resemblances, 344 establishment of, 320
extrinsic agents and, 326-327 filtrable agents and, 328-329 genetics and, 311-312, 313-315 herbicides and, 107
hyper susceptibility to, 321-322 immunization and, 314-315, 344
antibodies, 326-328 antigens, 328-329 genetics and, 313-315 nature of, 135-322 specificity of, 322-326 transplantation and, 312 regression of, 343-344 resistance to, 310
transplantation of, 310, 312, 316-317 Tween-20, herbicides and, 101
Tyrosine,
influenza virus and, 372 fluorophenylalanine and, 367 protease and, 394
U
Uric acid, alcoholism and, 205 Uricase, carcinogens and, 302, 404 Uridine,
requirement for, 360-361 temperature and, 399
Uridine diphosphate acetylaminosugar- peptide, 372
Ustilago maydis, streptomycin and, 85 V
Valine, 34
fluorophenylalanine and, 367 Variants, evolution and, 1
Vasoconstriction, behavior pattern and, 420
Viomycin,
bacterial mitosis and, 87 cross-resistance and, 381 Vinactin, cross-resistance and, 381 Viruses, 420
carcinogenesis and, 304 Viruses, plant, composition of, 372 Vitamin C, see Ascorbic acid
Vitamins, alcoholism and, 189-193, 2 0 6 - 208
W Wax, deposition of, 100-101 Weevil, DDT toxicity and, 138
Wetting agents, herbicide penetration and, 101-102
Wheat, herbicides and, 112, 115 Worms, resistance of, 98
X Xylose, tomatine and, 130
Y Yeast, 343
acridines and, 93, 376-377, 388, 425 cytoplasmic inheritance in, 362, 363 herbicides and, 103, 108, 109, 110, 117,
160
potato glycosides and, 131 Ζ
Zinc, enzymes and, 2
