6. Conclusion and Discussion
6.2 Discussion on the Adoption of Future
While the academic world has somewhat moved beyond re-searching CoMP, and the technology principles are well de-fined, the deployment of its more efficient versions is still a plan for the future. Inter-eNB CoMP has not received much atten-tion due to its demanding backhaul requirements. The inven-tion described in Secinven-tion 4.2 lessens precisely these strict re-quirements. The version of CoMP that is under implementation is inter-site intra-eNB CoMP. Inter-site intra-eNB CoMP is very easy to implement in a C-RAN architecture. It is also one of the driving forces behind the development of the C-RAN architec-ture. C-RAN enables even the most efficient and complicated form of CoMP, namely JT to be implemented without any syn-chronization issues. On the one hand, a C-RAN structure de-creases the total cost of the devices, as RRHs are far less expen-sive than eNBs, and only a few BBUs are necessary. On the other hand, the fronthaul link between the BBU and each RRH is more expensive than a backhaul link. Thus, the extent to which C-RAN will become popular, or the time of its deploy-ment is still undetermined.
Cognitive radio systems have already been promised a very long time ago. However, due to the difficulties of perfect incum-bent protection, the incumincum-bent users and regulators are reluc-tant to grant secondary access to expensive spectrum. Cognitive radio is still researched in academia, and probably will be for the next several years.
Millimetre-wave mobile communication has recently grown to be a very hot research topic. Thus far, no technical obstacle has emerged that could prevent deployment, but its overall cost and efficiency remains a much investigated question. The ex-tremely high capacities and data rates promised for 5G seems possible only with either centimetre-wave massive MIMO or millimetre-waves; therefore, there is a very serious demand for this technology. Millimetre-wave multi-hop backhaul seems to be the most convenient way of providing backhaul connectivity.
Without multi-hop backhaul, deploying access points at the re-quired density seems excessively expensive; therefore, there are currently very few opponents of multi-hop backhaul tech-nology. In-band backhaul is one cost efficient option; it can even be combined with the other option of dedicated devices and spectrum, which can enable higher capacities.
Rain fading is currently not a major concern, even for milli-metre-wave networks. This is also because new technologies are often first deployed in temperate climates; in contrast, rain fading is more of an issue in extremely rainy tropical climates.
In the next decade, the future of the mobile telecommunica-tions industry will be undoubtedly determined by the success of 5G. Hence, the shape of things to come after 5G remains pure speculation.
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